Metal–dielectric hybrid nanoantennas for efficient frequency conversion at the anapole mode

• Valerio F. Gili,
• Lavinia Ghirardini,
• Davide Rocco,
• Giuseppe Marino,
• Ivan Favero,
• Iännis Roland,
• Giovanni Pellegrini,
• Lamberto Duò,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Luca Carletti,
• Andrea Locatelli,
• Aristide Lemaître,
• Dragomir Neshev,
• Costantino De Angelis,
• Giuseppe Leo and
• Michele Celebrano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2306–2314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.215

• amplification [22] and enhanced Raman scattering [23] have been recently suggested. In this framework, AlxGa1−xAs, a III–V semiconductor, has become a popular material for nonlinear photonics thanks to its non-centrosymmetric structure and other important key assets including: i) a large band gap enabling TPA

The role of adatoms in chloride-activated colloidal silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement

• Nicolae Leopold,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Krisztian Herman,
• István Sz. Tódor,
• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu and
• Loredana F. Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2236–2247, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.208

• Medicine, Manastur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.9.208 Abstract Chloride-capped silver nanoparticles (Cl-AgNPs) allow for high-intensity surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of cationic molecules to be obtained (even at nanomolar concentration) and may also play a key role in

• seems to prevail over the Raman enhancement due to nanoparticle aggregation. Keywords: chloride activation; electronic coupling; photoreduction; silver nanoparticles; SERS-active sites; SERS switch-on effect; Introduction The most common surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate is the silver

• added to metal colloids to enhance the Raman signal of the analytes. This phenomenon can be explained by two distinct mechanisms: the electromagnetic mechanism and the chemical effect. Each mechanism is believed to contribute complementary to the Raman scattering enhancement of the adsorbate in SERS

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• -beam etching and takes changes in ion current during long-time irradiation into account. The scan mode with spot overlap was used for ion beam positioning, leading to a homogeneous irradiation of the sample. The experimental conditions are given in Table 2. Raman spectra Raman scattering measurements

Formation and development of nanometer-sized cybotactic clusters in bent-core nematic liquid crystalline compounds

• Yuri P. Panarin,
• Sithara P. Sreenilayam,
• Jagdish K. Vij,
• Anne Lehmann and
• Carsten Tschierske

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1288–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.121

• (POM) [25], Raman scattering [26][27], XRD [28][29], photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) [27][30][31] and NMR [32][33]. Recently Kim et al. [29] carried out X-ray experiments on a bent-core system in its nematic phase. They aligned the long molecular axes by applying a strong magnetic field parallel

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• interfacial effects. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and Raman scattering experiments, along with first-principles calculations, reveal the presence of a highly ordered RA self-assembled monolayer atop graphene and graphite. The electro-optical characterization of the hybrid system discloses interfacial

• photoelectrical characterization may shed some light on the dominant mechanisms. Finally, the charge transfer within the graphene/RA hybrid has also been investigated via Raman scattering experiments. Monolayer graphene, instead of graphite microplate, was chosen for this analysis due to the sensitivity of Raman

• estimated via Raman scattering experiment is of order of 1013 cm−2, consistent with the value predicted from ab initio calculations. Conclusion Organic semiconductor dyes and 2D materials are classes of materials which have enormous potential applications by themselves. The possibility of creating hybrid

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• , Ruhr-University at Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum, 44801, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.9.82 Abstract Mesoporous silver nanoparticles were easily synthesized through the bulk reduction of crystalline silver(I) oxide and used for the preparation of highly porous surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS

• ]. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a fast developing technique which originates from the theory of plasmonics and has already realized real applicable results important enough for industry [17]. Nowadays SERS spectroscopy is an easily accessible method for routine analysis (even using portable

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• the tuning of the metal content. The potential of the obtained silver FEBID structures for plasmonics was demonstrated by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Therefore this study paves the way for plasmonic applications based on direct electron beam writing of silver. Future experiments will comprise

• of the purity of Co–C nanopillars on the growth pressure in cobalt deposition and provided strong hints that indeed a small precursor flux can trigger higher purity but also broader geometrical features [29]. For applications in plasmonics elemental silver is crucial. Here, surface-enhanced Raman

• scattering being the most popular plasmonic application serves as benchmark. Indeed, the carbon signal intensity for the Raman spectra in Figure 3e is strongly enhanced due to the plasmonic excitation of the silver particles in both deposits [9][27]. The observed enhancement proves the existence of elemental

The effect of atmospheric doping on pressure-dependent Raman scattering in supported graphene

• Egor A. Kolesov,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Olesya O. Kapitanova,
• Xiao Fu,
• Hak Dong Cho,
• Tae Won Kang and
• Gennady N Panin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 704–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.65

• .9.65 Abstract Atmospheric doping of supported graphene was investigated by Raman scattering under different pressures. Various Raman spectra parameters were found to depend on the pressure and the substrate material. The results are interpreted in terms of atmospheric adsorption leading to a change in

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• reference rGO aerogel, the rGO-Fe3O4 and rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 aerogel structures have less defects and higher structural order. The first effect is related to a k-selective resonant Raman scattering process observed in graphite-based materials, where the defect-activated D mode is excitation laser-dependent due to

Growth model and structure evolution of Ag layers deposited on Ge films

• Arkadiusz Ciesielski,
• Lukasz Skowronski,
• Ewa Górecka,
• Jakub Kierdaszuk and
• Tomasz Szoplik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 66–76, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.9

• nm thickness has an imaginary part of permittivity lower than 1 within the 315–827 nm range [4]. Therefore, silver is widely used in plasmonic sensors [5][6][7], as substrates for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) [8][9], as inclusion in solar cells [10][11][12] and in other plasmonic devices

• lower than 15 nm, depositing them on Ge results in intense homogeneous elemental mixing rather than segregation. Raman spectra of Ge segregated in Ag To understand the nature of the segregation process we have fabricated 20 nm thick Ag layer wetted with 5 nm thick Ge film and performed Raman scattering

Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures

• Marina Davydova,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Jiri Smarhak,
• Alexander Kromka,
• Neda Neykova,
• Josef Nahlik,
• Jiri Kroutil,
• Jan Drahokoupil and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4

• thin layer, ZnO nanorods and hybrid ZnO NRs/NCD grown on the sensor substrate with metal interdigital electrodes. Figure 3a shows room-temperature Raman scattering spectra of the structures with ZnO nanorods and/or NCD under an excitation wavelength of 488 nm. The Raman spectrum of ZnO NRs is

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• mainly inside the nanotube, a consistency of the NEXAFS and XPS data indicates that most of the produced MWCNTs have thin walls consisting of about five layers. Raman scattering In Raman scattering from 1000 to 2000 cm−1, the spectra of the samples exhibited D and G bands at ≈1350 and ≈1580 cm−1 (Figure

Refractive index sensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using silver–gold layered bimetallic plasmonic crystals

• Somi Kang,
• Sean E. Lehman,
• Matthew V. Schulmerich,
• An-Phong Le,
• Tae-woo Lee,
• Stephen K. Gray,
• Rohit Bhargava and
• Ralph G. Nuzzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2492–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.249

• enhanced electromagnetic fields generated by surface plasmons [12][13]. Raman scattering signals can be dramatically amplified on a plasmonic substrate, reportedly by as much as 10 to 11 orders of magnitude, reaching levels of sensitivity suitable for single molecule detection [14][15]. In general, photons

Fabrication of gold-coated PDMS surfaces with arrayed triangular micro/nanopyramids for use as SERS substrates

• Jingran Zhang,
• Yongda Yan,
• Peng Miao and
• Jianxiong Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2271–2282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.227

• ][10]. As compared to traditional Raman scattering technology, SERS can provide significant signal amplification for analyte molecules absorbed on a SERS-active substrate and can extend the scope of Raman scattering to detect molecules at very low concentrations. Metals such as gold, silver and copper

• selective enhancement of Raman scattering. Owing to good flexibility and excellent optical transparency, polymer substrates can come into direct contact with a sample surface of arbitrary shape. This is a task that is difficult to achieve for the SERS substrates with hard templates, including silicon and

• pyramidal structures machined in the present study exhibit a stronger enhancement. The enhancement factor of the structured gold-coated PDMS surface can be calculated as follows [43][44]: where ISERS and INR are the intensities of SERS and normal Raman scattering, respectively; CSERS and CNR are the

Ta₂N₃ nanocrystals grown in Al₂O₃ thin layers

• Krešimir Salamon,
• Maja Buljan,
• Iva Šarić,
• Mladen Petravić and
• Sigrid Bernstorff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2162–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.215

• light to nano-scale structures via local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) [1]. LSPR produces a strong near-field enhancement and a local heating [2][3], which are considered to be promising in several applications ranging from surface-enhanced Raman scattering [4], to catalysis [5] and heat-assisted

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

• spatial resolution suitable for imaging of subcellular components. Typically, Raman scattering produces a very weak signal (with a spontaneous inelastic scattering cross-section of about 10−30 cm2·sr−1). So, one of the main difficulties of RS consists in separating the contribution of the weak intensity

• attention should be paid to the selection of the laser excitation wavelength. The improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved by using ultrashort-pulsed laser sources (stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)) or metal nanoparticles (surface-enhanced

• Raman scattering, SERS). However, these improvements often increase the time of measurements and the complexity/cost of the instrument, which may hinder clinical applications of Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the spread of diagnostically relevant peaks across the Raman spectra requires the development

Effect of the fluorination technique on the surface-fluorination patterning of double-walled carbon nanotubes

• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Emmanuel Flahaut,
• Jérémy Rio,
• Christopher P. Ewels,
• Victor O. Koroteev,
• Gregory Van Lier,
• Denis V. Vyalikh and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1688–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.169

• fluorination of DWCNT ropes as it follows from Raman scattering and TEM data. Moreover, the exposure of DWCNTs to CF4 plasma has almost no effect on the absorption of the carbon lattice, while after treatment with F2 and BrF3 the intensity of the band at 1535 cm−1 strongly increases. This change is caused by a

• and/or the penetration of some fluorine atoms between the layers, as we intended from Raman scattering in the RBM region. The dominating band at 1125 cm−1 in the spectrum of the BrF3-treated sample hints to a chain-like fluorination pattern. The different bonding behavior is consistent with our

• exposing DWCNTs to a CF4 plasma (frequency of 13.56 MHz and power of 15 W) for 10 min at a working pressure of 0.1 Torr. The details of the synthesis are described elsewhere [21][48]. Instrumentation The structure of pristine and fluorinated DWCNTs was studied using TEM on a JEOL-2010 microscope and Raman

Nanostructures for sensors, electronics, energy and environment III

• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1530–1531, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.154

• interaction between light and plasma electrons generated by gold nanoparticles is critical for the development of biosensing platforms [2] and for sensors based on surface enhanced Raman scattering [3]. New methods for creating thin films are expected to provide enhanced efficiency in solar cells [4] at a

Development of a nitrogen-doped 2D material for tribological applications in the boundary-lubrication regime

• Shende Rashmi Chandrabhan,
• Velayudhanpillai Jayan,
• Somendra Singh Parihar and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1476–1483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.147

• the range of 2θ = 5° to 2θ = 90° using a Rigaku X-ray diffractometer. Raman scattering spectra of graphite, GO and N-rGO were collected by using a WITec Raman spectrometer equipped with Nd:YAG laser (λ = 532 nm). The surface morphology of the sample was analyzed by using field-emission scanning

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of cell lysates mixed with silver nanoparticles for tumor classification

• Mohamed Hassoun,
• Iwan W.Schie,
• Tatiana Tolstik,
• Sarmiza E. Stanca,
• Christoph Krafft and
• Juergen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1183–1190, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.120

• limited to the range of one cell per second because of the relatively low sensitivity. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a widespread way to amplify the intensity of Raman signals by several orders of magnitude and, consequently, to improve the sensitivity and throughput. SERS protocols using

• overcome by signal-enhancement approaches including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), resonance Raman scattering, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and stimulated Raman scattering [3]. For the analysis of liquids, SERS is the most frequently applied approach and has been used for analyte

• detection in the submicromolar range [4][5]. SERS fingerprint spectra of molecules are generated when incident light excites localized surface plasmons on nanometer-sized metallic structures. A strong electromagnetic field is then created near the metallic surface and enhances the Raman scattering of nearby

Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption of vibrational modes of organic molecules

• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Olga Cherkasova,
• Sergei A. Kuznetsov,
• Ilya A. Milekhin,
• Ekatherina E. Rodyakina,
• Alexander V. Latyshev,
• Sreetama Banerjee,
• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 975–981, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.99

• /bjnano.8.99 Abstract Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption and Raman scattering was employed for studying the vibrational modes in organic molecules. Ultrathin cobalt phthalocyanine films (3 nm) were deposited on Au nanoantenna arrays with specified structural parameters. The

• deposited organic films reveal the enhancement of both Raman scattering and IR absorption vibrational modes. To extend the possibility of implementing surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) for biological applications, the detection and analysis of the steroid hormone cortisol was demonstrated

• . Keywords: cobalt phthalocyanine; cortisol; localized surface plasmon resonance; metal nanoantennas; Raman scattering; surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA); Introduction Organic semiconductors have been extensively investigated during the past few decades due to their wide range of applications in

Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Francesco Fuso,
• Ruggero Micheletto,
• Makoto Naruse,
• Francesco Tantussi and
• Maria Allegrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.97

• specific direction (z in our case, i.e., the orthogonal direction with respect to the substrate) is defined as [12] where E0 is the incident electric field. Owing to its nonlinear character, the enhancement of Raman scattering is quantified by taking the fourth power of the expression in Equation 1. Here

Microfluidic setup for on-line SERS monitoring using laser induced nanoparticle spots as SERS active substrate

• Oana-M. Buja,
• Ovidiu D. Gordan,
• Nicolae Leopold,
• Andreas Morschhauser,
• Jörg Nestler and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 237–243, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.26

• of residues of malachite green (MG) using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is reported. The SERS active substrate was prepared via laser induced synthesis of silver or gold nanoparticles spot on the bottom of a 200 μm inner dimension glass capillary, by focusing the laser beam during a

• substrate. Keywords: gold nanoparticles; malachite green; microfluidic setup; SERS; silver nanoparticles; Introduction Over the past decade special attention has been given to the investigation of hazardous environmental chemicals with impact on human health [1][2][3][4]. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering

Nitrogen-doped twisted graphene grown on copper by atmospheric pressure CVD from a decane precursor

• Ivan V. Komissarov,
• Nikolai G. Kovalchuk,
• Vladimir A. Labunov,
• Ksenia V. Girel,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Algirdas Lazauskas,
• Mindaugas Andrulevičius,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Viktoras Grigaliūnas,
• Šarunas Meškinis,
• Sigitas Tamulevičius and
• Serghej L. Prischepa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 145–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.15

• image, using laser light reflected from a sample, and a spectral image by Raman scattering. More details about the laser beam size and spectra accumulation time are presented further in the text. A Thermo Scientific ESCALAB 250Xi spectrometer with monochromatic Al Kα radiation (hν = 1486.6 eV) was used

• nm excitation wavelength. The similarity of the results for two different wavelengths is obvious. Discussion Partitioning of Raman data In many aspects, the theory of Raman scattering in graphene is very well understood and the quantitative analysis of Raman spectra parameters provides sufficient

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of self-assembled thiol monolayers and supported lipid membranes on thin anodic porous alumina

• Marco Salerno,
• Amirreza Shayganpour,
• Barbara Salis and
• Silvia Dante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.8

• comparison and best identification of the typical bands. Then, we measured the Raman scattering of the thiols adsorbed to flat Au substrates. For technical reasons of SLBs assembly, the two thiols selected, MbA and AT, in ethanol and PBS solutions have a negatively or positively charged group, respectively