TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• morphology and microstructure were observed by SEM (JEOL JSM-7100F) and TEM (JEOL JEM-2100F) with an accelerating voltage of 15 kV and 200 kV, respectively. The Raman spectra were recorded on a Raman spectrometer (Renishaw RM 2000) by using a laser with an excitation wavelength of 632.8 nm. Thermogravimetric

Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells

• Hannah Onafuye,
• Sebastian Pieper,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Klaus Langer and
• Martin Michaelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166

• , United Kingdom) and the sample was visualised with an accelerating voltage of 10 kV, a working distance of 10 mm, and 10,000-fold magnification. Doxorubicin quantification via HPLC-UV The amount of doxorubicin that was incorporated into the nanoparticles was determined by HPLC-UV (HPLC 1200 series

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• characterized on a Bruker AVANCE III HD 500 machine. The gel and precipitate were cast onto single-crystal silica plates and then coated with a thin layer of Pt after drying to increase the contrast. After that, the morphology was observed with a Hitachi S-4800 FE-SEM operating at an accelerating voltage of 10

High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites

• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Marina N. Rumyantseva,
• Alexander S. Frolov,
• Alexey D. Yapryntsev and
• Alexander M. Gaskov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1537–1547, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.151

• –Halenda) models. The morphology of the nanofibers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a Carl Zeiss NVision 40 electron microscope with an intra-lens detector at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV. The IR spectra (FTIR) of the ZnO/SiC nanocomposites were taken on a Spectrum One (Perkin

Development of a new hybrid approach combining AFM and SEM for the nanoparticle dimensional metrology

• Loïc Crouzier,
• Alexandra Delvallée,
• Sébastien Ducourtieux,
• Laurent Devoille,
• Guillaume Noircler,
• Christian Ulysse,
• Olivier Taché,
• Elodie Barruet,
• Christophe Tromas and
• Nicolas Feltin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1523–1536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.150

• equipped with a GEMINI optical column with an in-lens detector. All SEM measurements have been performed using the same adjustment parameters. The extra-high tension (EHT, accelerating voltage) corresponding to the incident electron energy at the time of interaction with sample is set at 3 kV. The working

• to take the full width at half maximum (FWHM) [19]. The profile FWHM depends on the accelerating voltage (or EHT) corresponding to the primary electron energy as shown in Figure 1. Above 4 kV, the signal-to-noise ratio, corresponding to the difference in grey level between the NP and the substrate

• , is too low. Hence, the profile widens with the accelerating voltage and uncertainty associated with the measurement increases. The images were processed with a specific software developed in previous works and detailed in [1][11]. Concerning AFM, the approach consists in levelling the image

Growth of lithium hydride thin films from solutions: Towards solution atomic layer deposition of lithiated films

• Ivan Kundrata,
• Karol Fröhlich,
• Lubomír Vančo,
• Matej Mičušík and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1443–1451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.142

• used. Characterization Auger spectroscopy was carried out on a Auger microprobe Jeol JAMP-9510F with hemispherical analyser using 3 kV accelerating voltage and 10 nA probe current. Sample was tilted 55° to the excitation, with the normal coincident with the axis of the collection optics of the analyser

BiOCl/TiO₂/diatomite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

• Minlin Ao,
• Kun Liu,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Zishun Li,
• Qian Peng and
• Jing Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1412–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.139

• ). Both the SEM and TEM were used with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples were recorded by a X-ray powder diffractometer using a Cu Kα source (λ = 0.15418 nm) at a scanning rate of 2°/min between 5° and 80°. A Thermo Fisher VG Scientific VG ESCALAB250Xi

Warped graphitic layers generated by oxidation of fullerene extraction residue and its oxygen reduction catalytic activity

• Machiko Takigami,
• Rieko Kobayashi,
• Takafumi Ishii,
• Yasuo Imashiro and
• Jun-ichi Ozaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1391–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.137

• The structure of the prepared carbons was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The transmission electron microscope (JEM-2010, JEOL Inc.) was operated at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD6100, Shimadzu Corp.) was equipped with a

Highly ordered mesoporous silica film nanocomposites containing gold nanoparticles for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

• Mohamad Azani Jalani,
• Leny Yuliati,
• Siew Ling Lee and
• Hendrik O. Lintang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1368–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.135

• TEM 3D tomography at low accelerating voltage with topography-based reconstruction to show the pore orientation at the various angles with the presence of AuNPs (see Supporting Information File 1 for the movie). Optical properties of AuNPs Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peaks in the UV–vis spectrum

• 200 kV. For the TEM tomography, the sample was visualized using a Hitachi HT7700 instrument for high-resolution imaging at low accelerating voltage (80 kV) where the 3D reconstruction was performed using a Hitachi EMIP tomography acquisition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using a

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• × 10−9 mbar. The binding energies were referenced to the C 1s line at 284.8 eV from adventitious carbon. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) JSM-7500F (JEOL) at an accelerating voltage of 3 kV was used to get the top view of the CNNs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded with a Bruker D8

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• instrument working at an acceleration voltage of 100 kV and a JEM 2100F electron microscope operated at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV, respectively. To obtain the size distributions of the silver nanoparticles in the samples, the size of 100 randomly selected particles in a TEM images was measured

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• atmosphere. SEM was performed on a CamScan CS4 microscope (Cambridge Scanning Company, Cambridge, United Kingdom) and the sample was visualized with an accelerating voltage of 10 kV, a working distance of 10 mm, and 20,000× magnification. Determination of Lumogen® Red loading The amount of embedded Lumogen

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

• Xiupei Yang,
• Zhengli Yang,
• Fenglin Tang,
• Jing Xu,
• Maoxue Zhang and
• Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

• accelerating voltage of 200 kV. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra were performed on a Bruker AC 400 NMR spectrometer (Rheinstetten, Karlsruhe, Germany) in concentrated D2O solutions. At the same time, the fractions were investigated by a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of

Co-doped MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles: magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions

• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Parviz Kameli,
• Hadi Salamati,
• Giorgio Concas,
• Maria Salvador Fernandez,
• Alessandro Talone,
• Giuseppe Muscas and
• Davide Peddis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 856–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.86

• the Miller indices. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed with a JEM-2100 instrument using an accelerating voltage of 200 kV, with the nanoparticles deposited on a copper grid. The average particle size was obtained by measuring the diameter of more than 100 particles randomly

Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• centrifuge tube. Characterization techniques Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the samples was undertaken with a Zeiss 1550 system (optimum resolution ≈1 nm at 2 kV accelerating voltage). Tapping-mode AFM imaging was carried out with an Agilent 5100 atomic force microscope using HQ:NSC35/Al

Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of CsPbBr₃ and Cs₄PbBr₆ perovskite nanocrystals and their reversible transformation

• Longshi Rao,
• Xinrui Ding,
• Xuewei Du,
• Guanwei Liang,
• Yong Tang,
• Kairui Tang and
• Jin Z. Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 666–676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.66

• , JEM-2100F, JEOL, Japan) with an accelerating voltage of 100 kV. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) was carried out on a JEOL JEM-2100F instrument operating at 200 kV. The crystal phases of the products were measured using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8-Advance, Bruker, Germany) with a Cu Kα radiation

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• characterization of fiber surfaces. The samples were coated with carbon in a Temcarb TB500 sputter coater (Emscope Laboratories, Ashford, UK), the optimum accelerating voltage was 2.70 kV. Material testing Water contact angle measurements The hydrophobicity of reference and modified cellulose handsheets was

Widening of the electroactivity potential range by composite formation – capacitive properties of TiO₂/BiVO₄/PEDOT:PSS electrodes in contact with an aqueous electrolyte

• Konrad Trzciński,
• Mariusz Szkoda,
• Andrzej P. Nowak,
• Marcin Łapiński and
• Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 483–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.49

• microscopy (FEI Quanta FEG 250) with an ET secondary electron detector. The beam accelerating voltage was kept at 10 kV. Electrochemical measurements were recorded using the potentiostat–galvanostat system AutoLab PGStat204 under Nova 2.1 software control. The chemical composition measurements before and

Uniform Sb₂S₃ optical coatings by chemical spray method

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Ilona Oja Acik,
• Arvo Mere and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 198–210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.18

• spectrometer with ESPRIT 1.8 system at the Zeiss HR FESEM Ultra 55 scanning electron microscope (SEM) operating at an accelerating voltage of 7 kV. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the layers were recorded by the same SEM system at an electron beam accelerating voltage of 4 kV. Unpolarized micro

Sputtering of silicon nanopowders by an argon cluster ion beam

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Zhenguo Wang,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Sergey Belykh,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 135–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.13

• , the pressure in the gas source is P = 10 bar, and the ionizing electron energy is 150 eV. The time and area averaged cluster current I in µA on the 5 × 5 mm2 target depends on the accelerating voltage U in kV and can be described by an empirical equation: I = –0.007U2 + 0.2U – 0.53. The gas pressure

• potential of Ar is 15.8 V) and an absence of cluster defragmentation, then at Ee = 150 eV we can estimate the effective charge qeff as Therefore, in our experiment “mean” clusters are employed. The multiple ionization influences the energy of the cluster ion, i.e., the cluster in the accelerating voltage

• mixing of the material at the surface, i.e., the formation of the dense layer, occurs only in the finite layer with the thickness, which is equal to the crater depth. The crater depth in the case of the nanopowder target was found to be 3–5 nm at the same accelerating voltage [28]. Such a value is almost

Graphene–graphite hybrid epoxy composites with controllable workability for thermal management

• Idan Levy,
• Eyal Merary Wormser,
• Maxim Varenik,
• Matat Buzaglo,
• Roey Nadiv and
• Oren Regev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 95–104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.9

• mode at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. EDS elemental analyses were performed on the same samples (Section S4 in Supporting Information File 1). Rheology The rheological properties of the epoxy resin (prior to addition of the hardener) were determined with a rheometer (TA instruments, AR2000

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• measured with an FLS980 spectrometer (Edinburgh instruments, UK). The morphology and size of the GNRs and QDs were obtained with an FEI Tecnai G2 F20 S-TWIN TEM operating at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV, and the samples were loaded into a quartz cell for the measurements. The TEM specimens were

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• JEM-2010, JEOL Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, JED 2300 series analyzer) was used to determine average size (AS) and the shape of the particles [33]. Hydroxyapatites were observed at an accelerating voltage of 100 kV with a LaB6 cathode. Samples were prepared by suspending a small quantity of nanopowder in ethanol

• were calculated from no less than 200 particles. Pixel size was 1.8 nm × 1.8 nm. Scanning electron microscopy Morphology and agglomeration state of the HAp samples were examined with a HITACHI S5500 for nonconductive materials (accelerating voltage = 3–5 kV). The samples were prepared by droplet

• representative SEM images using the ImageJ software [34]. SEM in combination with an X-ray microanalyser (EDS, energy dispersion spectroscopy) was used to carry out chemical pre-analysis. EDS was carried out in dark-field (accelerating voltage = 8 kV, 2 min scan, ca. 10,000 counts) and quantitative analysis was

Variation of the photoluminescence spectrum of InAs/GaAs heterostructures grown by ion-beam deposition

• Alexander S. Pashchenko,
• Leonid S. Lunin,
• Eleonora M. Danilina and
• Sergei N. Chebotarev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2794–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.261

• type of samples (ST#2) contained three QD layers that were separated by GaAs barriers of 15, 20 and 30 nm. During the growth process, pressure in the vacuum chamber was 3.7 × 10−7 Pa. The 500 nm thick n+-GaAs buffer layer at T = 610 °C was grown first. The accelerating voltage of the ion beam was 450 V

Non-agglomerated silicon–organic nanoparticles and their nanocomplexes with oligonucleotides: synthesis and properties

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Nadezhda V. Shikina,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Svetlana A. Yashnik,
• Dmitrii V. Semenov,
• Yulia I. Savinovskaya,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova,
• Inna A. Pyshnaya and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2516–2525, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.234

• . The values of particle size and zeta potential were averaged over those experiments. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were taken on a JEM 1400 (Jeol, Japan) electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 80 kV. We analyzed a 35 mM solution of Si–NH2 nanoparticles and Si–NH2·ODN