A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

• Carl Drechsel,
• Philipp D’Astolfo,
• Jung-Ching Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Rémy Pawlak and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1–9, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.1

• demonstrated. We show a general propensity of these adsorbates to diffuse at low temperature under gentle scanning conditions. Our findings provide new insights into high-resolution probe microscopy imaging with terminated tips, decoupling atoms and molecules by NaCl islands or tip-induced lateral manipulation

• enable the development of functionalized tips, obtained by picking up a single molecule from a surface. This has been an important milestone for low-temperature STM/AFM techniques since the CO tip nowadays enables systematic high-resolution measurements of surfaces, molecules and atoms [33][34][35]. It

• low temperature. This differs distinctly from the adsorption on Pb(110), which has also been performed. In contrast, NaCl islands and single Fe atoms are more stable. Nevertheless, a general propensity for a tip-induced displacement of these adsorbates on the Pb(111) surface can be fulfilled. We

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• permeation membrane, as oxygen sensor material, or for the use in solid oxide fuel cell components [1][5][6]. Apart from this, ceria is also widely employed as a catalyst in the middle- to low-temperature regime (20–400 °C) [7][8][9], making ceria-based dual-phase materials with a second electron-conductive

Nonmonotonous temperature dependence of Shapiro steps in YBCO grain boundary junctions

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitriy V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Sergey A. Pavlov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1279–1285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.95

• between the experiment and the theory. While for low-temperature JJs the temperature dependence of the Shapiro steps is weak [27], for HTSC junctions the response to a MW signal has a general tendency to rise with decreasing temperature, but may have peculiarities for certain sample parameters [19]. In

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• temperatures is a measure of the dielectric relaxation which occurs due to the lagging time of rotation with respect to an external alternating field of side groups associated with the main chain. On the other hand, low-temperature dielectric dispersion is a measure of β-relaxation and is related to the micro

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• we are discussing a situation where ⟨X(t)X†(0)⟩ is reduced to where This approximate formula will be used by us in the following, because we are interested only in the low-temperature transport. The Fourier transforms of the retarded Green’s functions of the dots to which the phonons are attached is

• distant. Low-temperature physics of the DTQD in this case plays out between these two degenerate states. Effective charge fluctuations between the empty-dot system and the quadruple occupied state can be considered as isospin flips of “up” (n = 0) and “down” (n = 4) states . The flips correspond to a

• state and double or fourfold occupied states become degenerate. The low-temperature dynamics is then described only by charge fluctuations, that is, flips of charge pseudospin (charge Kondo effect). Of special interest are the effective fluctuations between degenerate empty and fully occupied states

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• structures were estimated to have D values in the range of 1.19–1.61. In a similar study, Liu et al. reported on flower-like ZnO hierarchical superstructures synthesized using urea through a low-temperature hydrothermal technique [76]. The obtained 3D flower-like ZnO structures had highly dendritic

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• devices. Another important TE parameter is the electrical conductivity, which is shown in Figure 9b for the cubic π-SnSe alloy as a function of temperature. The electrical conductivity parameter describes the flow of charge carriers from high- to low-temperature regions. We found that the electrical

9.1% efficient zinc oxide/silicon solar cells on a 50 μm thick Si absorber

• Rafal Pietruszka,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Monika Ozga,
• Katarzyna Gwozdz,
• Ewa Placzek-Popko and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 766–774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.60

• higher for sample B. The change of cells coefficients has an impact on the final temperature efficiency of the solar cells. In the low-temperature region, Eff. is stable, or only a little drop is observed. It is related to a small variation of FF in this region. In the region from 170 to 290 K, a

Stability and activity of platinum nanoparticles in the oxygen electroreduction reaction: is size or uniformity of primary importance?

• Kirill O. Paperzh,
• Anastasia A. Alekseenko,
• Vadim A. Volochaev,
• Ilya V. Pankov,
• Olga A. Safronenko and
• Vladimir E. Guterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 593–606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.49

• . Keywords: durability; electrocatalysts; morphology control; oxygen reduction reaction; platinum nanoparticles; size distribution; spatial distribution; Introduction Nowadays, low-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are gaining a wider application. This is due to their environmental

Local stiffness and work function variations of hexagonal boron nitride on Cu(111)

• Abhishek Grewal,
• Yuqi Wang,
• Matthias Münks,
• Klaus Kern and
• Markus Ternes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 559–565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.46

• ) [19][20], strain-induced highly corrugated layers for h-BN/Rh(111) [21][22][23], and template layers for molecules with strong local variations of the work function for h-BN/Ir(111) [24] are representative of such morphological diversity. We use low-temperature combined scanning tunnelling (STM) and

• . Experimental We employ a custom-built ultrahigh-vacuum (below 10−10 mbar) low-temperature (T = 1.4 K) nc-AFM operated in frequency-modulated mode. A stiff qPlus cantilever design [49] (k0 = 1800 N·m−1, f0 = 29077 Hz, Q = 60000) at an oscillation amplitude Aosc = 50 pm enables the nc-AFM functionality. We

Influence of electrospray deposition on C₆₀ molecular assemblies

• Antoine Hinaut,
• Sebastian Scherb,
• Sara Freund,
• Zhao Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 552–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.45

• are visible, see the arrow in the contrast-modified inset of Figure 3c and in part 3 of Supporting Information File 1. They are similar to the pits created after electron and ion bombardment [40][41][42][43] or low-temperature plasma exposure of such a surface [44]. Such defects are known to increase

• be a good alternative to TE when working with non-volatile molecules and has proven to be compatible with sensitive techniques, such as low-temperature AFM with CO tip imaging [10][12]. Nevertheless, we have shown some influence on the surfaces and the formation of molecular assemblies that should

Determining amplitude and tilt of a lateral force microscopy sensor

• Oliver Gretz,
• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Thomas Holzmann,
• Korbinian Pürckhauer and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 517–524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.42

• frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy, the tip oscillates parallel to the surface. Existing amplitude calibration methods are not applicable for mechanically excited LFM sensors at low temperature. Moreover, a slight angular offset of the oscillation direction (tilt) has a significant influence on

• in Figure 1b [8]. In our group, we have used this method to quantify molecular stiffness at low temperature [9] and to evaluate the potential energy landscape above a molecule at room temperature [10]. More recently, we used LFM with a CO-terminated tip to investigate the internal structure of a

• energy to excite the sensor is very small and mechanical vibrations can dominate the excitation [19]. For low-temperature LFM, the lattice of the substrate can be used to calibrate the amplitude if the periodicity of the lateral features is known [20]. For electrically excited piezoelectric-based sensors

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• . The increase of the SERS intensity with a temperature increase was observed also in the SERS studies of painting materials on AgNPs substrates [43]. In our system, it can be suggested that, at a low temperature, water–water interactions dominate resulting in a weak SERS effect. Conversely, at a higher

Spontaneous shape transition of Mn_xGe_1−x islands to long nanowires

• S. Javad Rezvani,
• Luc Favre,
• Gabriele Giuli,
• Yiming Wubulikasimu,
• Isabelle Berbezier,
• Augusto Marcelli,
• Luca Boarino and
• Nicola Pinto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 366–374, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.30

• (especially the latter) requires further detailed analysis and experiments. Conclusion We have demonstrated that a thin Mn wetting layer, evaporated at low temperature on Ge(111), can undergo a spontaneous shape transition, from islands to nanowires, upon high-temperature annealing. We have shown that the Mn

Extended iron phthalocyanine islands self-assembled on a Ge(001):H surface

• Rafal Zuzak,
• Marek Szymonski and
• Szymon Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 232–241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.19

• structure, which resembles molecular columns present in phthalocyanine crystals. Experimental The whole experiment was performed in an UHV system equipped with a low-temperature STM manufactured by Omicron Nanotechnology GmbH. The Ge samples used in the experiments were cut from undoped wafers (TBL Kelpin

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• with a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope from Createc, an MCP LEED-Auger electronics from OCI, an IQE 11 sputter gun from Specs, for sample cleaning, and several evaporation sources from Createc. The STM measurements were performed in constant-current mode at liquid nitrogen temperature

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

Numerical analysis of vibration modes of a qPlus sensor with a long tip

• Kebei Chen,
• Zhenghui Liu,
• Yuchen Xie,
• Chunyu Zhang,
• Gengzhao Xu,
• Wentao Song and
• Ke Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 82–92, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.7

• extensively in the fields of physics, chemistry, and materials science to obtain images of high spatial resolution [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Most research under low-temperature and ultrahigh-vacuum (LT-UHV) conditions has been carried out using the first-order eigenmode of the qPlus sensor, which has a

Kondo effects in small-bandgap carbon nanotube quantum dots

• Patryk Florków,
• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1873–1890, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.169

• analysis we consider the low-energy and low-temperature ranges. Therefore, we restrict most parts of our discussion to only a single shell of carbon nanotube energy states, that is, to four states labeled by spin (s = ±1) and valley pseudospin (l = ±1). The model we use to describe carbon nanotube quantum

The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• ring at ca. 1,300 cm−1. In the following, we will refer to it as ring breathing (RB) mode. On Ag(111), two different adsorption states of PTCDA were observed. Both states are bonded chemisorptively to the surface [44]. The RB mode of PTCDA deposited at a low temperature (LT) of 180 K exhibits a Raman

Selective detection of complex gas mixtures using point contacts: concept, method and tools

• Alexander P. Pospelov,
• Victor I. Belan,
• Dmytro O. Harbuz,
• Volodymyr L. Vakula,
• Lyudmila V. Kamarchuk,
• Yuliya V. Volkova and
• Gennadii V. Kamarchuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1631–1643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.146

• Spectroscopy of Molecular Systems and Nanostructured Materials, B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, 47 Nauky Ave., Kharkiv, 61103, Ukraine Department of Pediatrics and Rehabilitation, SI “Institute for Children and Adolescents Health Care” of NAMS of Ukraine, 52-A Yuvileinyi Ave

• software (developed at the B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) used for storing information and performing real-time data analysis. The process of obtaining the breath profile starts when the sensor is mounted on the electrical

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• result since the plasma was kept at a low temperature during the film oxidation process which, in principle, should not trigger the silver migration. However, as discussed in our previous reports for the pure silver case [18][19], the local rise in the temperature at the nanometer scale resulted from the

Adsorption and self-assembly of porphyrins on ultrathin CoO films on Ir(100)

• Feifei Xiang,
• Tobias Schmitt,
• Marco Raschmann and
• M. Alexander Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1516–1524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.134

• vacuum (UHV) at a base pressure of 8 × 10−11 mbar. STM images were taken using a custom-built low-temperature UHV STM operated at liquid-nitrogen temperature (80 K). We used etched tungsten tips and the bias voltage is the potential of the sample with respect to the tip. Co-DPP (1, PorphyChem SAS, 98