Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes

• Ebrahim Sadaqa,
• Satrialdi,
• Fransiska Kurniawan and
• Diky Mudhakir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1667–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.131

• developed. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), renowned for their ability to traverse biological membranes, have been extensively studied for their potential to enhance endosomal escape by causing membrane disruption [5]. However, the broad utility of CPPs is limited by their non-specific nature, which often

• using anionic SO, a pH-sensitive lipid-based molecule with amphipathic characteristics, as an innovative agent for overcoming endosomal entrapment. At physiological pH, SO carries a negative charge, limiting its interaction with cell membranes. However, within the acidic endosomal environment, SO

• and permeability. This observation is consistent with previous studies, such as those by Notman et al., which demonstrated through MD simulations that fatty acids like oleic acid can increase membrane fluidity and permeability in membranes composed of DPPC [22]. In contrast, AUR’s surface-level

Attempts to preserve and visualize protein corona on the surface of biological nanoparticles in blood serum using photomodification

• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Anastasiya V. Tupitsyna,
• Alina E. Grigor’eva,
• Ilya S. Dovydenko and
• Elena I. Ryabchikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1654–1666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.130

• adjacent to the surface of the particle is clearly seen, which continues into the appendage. The thickness of this envelope significantly exceeded the thickness of the bio-NP membranes, and the shape varied greatly. In the control samples of FBS and NBS, isolated from native sera in the same way, signs of

• remained there even after additional UC for 2 h. Passing through the gradient and staying in 30% sucrose solution noticeably changed the ultrastructure of the bio-NPs, which looked different from those after UC alone, that is, the vesicle membranes were thinner, and the surface and contour of the LPs were

Biomimetic nanocarriers: integrating natural functions for advanced therapeutic applications

• Hugo Felix Perini,
• Beatriz Sodré Matos,
• Carlo José Freire de Oliveira and
• Marcos Vinicius da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1619–1626, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.127

• this context, biomimetic strategies using natural components emerge as revolutionary tools to overcome these challenges. The utilization of cellular components or parts thereof, such as macromolecules or membranes, can enhance drug delivery and therapeutic efficiency in the human body, representing a

• replicating the characteristics or functions of native cells [19]. Nanoparticle coating involves obtaining nanoparticles (Figure 1-2A), which can be organic or inorganic in structure (Figure 2A), and conjugating them with functional ligands (Figure 1-2B) or biological structures, such as cell membranes

• these carriers are improved [19][21][22][23][24][25]. Various cellular components such as extracellular vesicles, leukocyte and red blood cell membranes are beneficial for developing bioinspired devices. Specific targets, including peptides, aptamers, proteins, and viral capsids, may also be utilized in

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• [26][27]. The computational prediction of the ZP of NMs (Figure 1) has been of high interest in the area of nanoinformatics during the last decade, given the role of surface charge in determining NMs interactions with membranes and in driving toxicity, whereby positively charged particles are

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• therapeutic effects [30][31]. Poor permeability and penetration are additional obstacles. Phytochemicals may have difficulties crossing biological membranes, such as the intestinal epithelium or the blood–brain barrier, because of their molecular size, polarity, or lipophilicity. Poor permeability limits the

• , including phospholipids, cholesterol, and surfactants, play a crucial role in solubilizing lipophilic phytochemicals and facilitating interactions with biological membranes. The polymers provide structural stability, controlled release properties, and protection against premature degradation [40][41

• can be released under specific biological conditions. Further, the polymer coating provides better colloidal stability, sustained drug release, and high loading capacity to the hybrid nanocarriers [54][55][56]. Cell membrane-camouflaged PLHNPs PLHNPs have been coated with cell membranes (e.g

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• materials research [102][103]. For instance, an examination of the nanomechanical properties of membranous wings in Chinese bees (Apis cerana cerana) reveals a synergistic interplay between veins and membranes, facilitating efficient load transmission and resulting in exceptional mechanical performance and

• structural stiffness [104]. Research on biological membranes, inspired by the superior structures of insect wings, holds potential for advancements in various sectors, including medical, construction, aviation, and automotive industries [104][105][106][107][108]. Research on hymenopteran wings remains

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• ). Transfers were performed for 1 h 30 min (100 V). Next, the membranes were incubated with blocking buffer (Tris saline solution with Tween 20 (TBS-T) + 3% BSA) for 1 h (room temperature). Subsequently, they were washed with TBS-T buffer and incubated with primary antibody anti-folate alpha receptor at a

• dilution rate of 1:500 for 12 h at 4 °C. The membranes were rewashed with TBS-T buffer and incubated with a secondary antibody (Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H + L) HRP, ThermoFisher) at a ratio of 1:20000 for 2 h (room temperature). After a new series of washes with TBS-T, the peroxidase activity was revealed with

• -functionalized SiO2NPs involves their capability to generate reactive species of oxygen, along with electrostatic interactions of deprotonated silanol groups with membrane proteins and tetra alkyl ammonium groups, which are also present in red blood cell membranes [47][48][49][50]. The addition of the ZW

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• radicals, and a direct effect on cell membranes with the suppression of nucleic acid synthesis. The most hazardous side effect of DOX is dilated cardiomyopathy, which causes congestive heart failure [4]. To prevent side effects of doxorubicin, liposomal formulations were approved, namely “Myocet liposomal

Introducing third-generation periodic table descriptors for nano-qRASTR modeling of zebrafish toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

• Supratik Kar and
• Siyun Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1142–1152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.93

• likely to penetrate cell membranes, thereby decreasing their potential to cause cellular damage and toxicity. However, MONPs with increased molecular bulk can enhance toxicity via several mechanisms. They can physically damage cell membranes, potentially causing cell death. Their size may lead to

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• ]. Phosphatidylserines are anionic phospholipid components of cell membranes, which act as a specific recognition signal for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages [60]. Phosphatidylserine modification allows for efficient delivery of active substances to specific sites enriched with macrophages [61]. The

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• of cells with drugs may allow drug incorporation into vesicles released by the cells. Recent studies have even suggested that incorporation of drug-containing NPs in cellular membranes might increase the ability of these particles to cross the blood–brain barrier [6]. However, regulatory challenges

• of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). The black staining of the membranes obtained by adding ruthenium red during cell fixation reveals that caveolae, which may appear to be free vesicles in the cytosol, are surface connected. The

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• site-specific release of various active molecules [35]. (vi) Their nanometer dimensions yield superiority over traditional solid membranes, such as ease of use, packaging, and transportation [8]. Nanofiber production methods There are several production methods for fiber-based scaffolds mentioned in

• . The nanofiber scaffolds developed for this purpose are in the form of random non-woven scaffolds and consist of highly aligned fiber membranes and combination scaffolds. The approximate porosity of such nanofibers is 80–95%, and the fibers are produced with a thickness of about 4 mm [103]. Nanofiber

The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)

• Marie Grote,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72

• changed pad shape and less flexible membranes surrounding the mechanoreceptors’ setae might impair the function and, therefore, reduce the information the animal is able to receive. In their paper concerning ageing cockroaches, Ridgel et al. [16] propose this lack of sensory information to negatively

• pads and the cuticle, possibly caused by an impaired circulatory system and oxygen deficiency in the tarsus. The effects, such as material desiccation (pads, resilin patches, and membranes), presence of scars on the pad surface, oxygen and hemolymph deprivation, likely reinforce each other. Further

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• membranes cross-linked with Sr2+ ions. They reported no sign of cytotoxicity on L929 mouse fibroblasts and HaCaT human keratinocytes after 24 and 48 h of incubation [31]. Conclusion Based on FTIR spectroscopy, both salts formed a physical mixture with polysuccinimide. In the case of Sr(NO3)2, 100% of

Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent

• Horacio Emanuel Jerez,
• Yamila Roxana Simioni,
• Kajal Ghosal,
• Maria Jose Morilla and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46

• 33342 for 10 min at RT. After staining, the membranes were separated from the inserts and were mounted on slides using a motion mounting medium. A Leica laser-scanning spectral confocal microscope TCS SP8 (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) was used. Image processing was performed using ImageJ

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• ]. Nanocrystals can improve many physicochemical properties of drugs such as solubility, size effect, dissolution rate, and adhesiveness to surface membranes [23]. The limitations of conventional medication delivery can be overcome by advanced drug delivery methodologies, such as transdermal drug delivery (TDD

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• eliminate ROS, but also up-regulated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to maintain redox homeostasis. Depending on the location of the accumulation, nanoantioxidants need to employ different encapsulating or coating strategies. Several studies used neutrophil membranes to increase the specificity of antioxidant

• an effective solution because of their ability to overcome the physical and chemical barriers in the gastrointestinal tract. Such barriers are the intestinal mucosal barrier, acidic conditions in the stomach, and selectively permeable membranes of enterocytes. Moreover, natural compounds delivered by

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• implemented in India in the mid-1990s is an excellent example [61][62]. Amphotericin B binds to parasite ergosterol precursors, such as lanosterol, disrupting the parasite membrane. Since protozoan trypanosomatids such as Leishmania and Trypanosoma present ergosterol as a component of their membranes [63

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• protein corona. The formation of a protein corona on the surface of NPs, which influences the interaction with cell membranes or proteins, is also associated with zeta potential and surface charge. Very limited studies have reported the influence of zeta potential, surface charge, hydrophobicity, and

• electrostatic bond with proteins in biological systems. The high electronegativity also influences the formation of metal cations. The increase of catalytic properties of metal cations enhances the toxicity through the generation of ROS, causing damage to cell membranes [16]. The high electronegativity helps in

• dispersed particles and the effective electric charge on the surface of the NPs [40]. This feature is particularly relevant to their biological activity, especially their ability to bind to and be absorbed by cell membranes. For instance, Cr2O3 NPs have a high zeta potential (2130 mV) and a high cell damage

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• , Montpellier, France Annealsys, 139 Rue des Walkyries, 34000 Montpellier, France Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France 10.3762/bjnano.15.26 Abstract

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• on the direct delivery of water molecules into the scanning electron microscope chamber. This process is called focused electron-beam-induced etching (FEBIE) and was already demonstrated for thin amorphous carbon membranes a decade ago [15]. Oxygen or water vapor can be used for etching graphene [16

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• condensation reaction of VTES to form nanosilica on GO membranes, using both acidic and basic conditions to catalyze these reactions. The hybrid GO/silica fillers could enhance the interaction, dispersion, and properties of various composites. For example, GO/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and GO/3

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• of science and engineering. However, production of ultrathin PAAO membranes with precise thickness in the optical sub-wavelength range remains challenging because of difficulties regarding process control at the initial stage of anodic oxidation. In this study, we demonstrate a technique for

• . This makes it particularly suitable for quality control in the small-scale production of thin PAAO membranes for optical applications and other uses, where precise thickness is of importance. Experimental A dedicated setup (Figure 5) was built and optimized for anodization of 10 mm × 10 mm aluminum

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• areas of the skin, or diffuse when several lesions occur over an extensive area of skin tissue [3]; (ii) mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, which causes total or partial degeneration of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat [4], and (iii) visceral leishmaniasis (also known as kala-azar), can

• through biological membranes [13][24]. Therefore, this review focuses on mapping the nanotechnologies used to load curcumin and discussing the increase in the leishmanicidal properties of this drug according to its nanostructured vehicles. Review Leishmaniasis: general aspects Leishmaniasis is a neglected

• favors adsorption by negatively charged cell membranes [103]. Additionally, studies have revealed antileishmanial properties of this polymer against Leishmania parasites, making it attractive for the synthesis of NPs intended for this treatment [56][104]. Therefore, Chaubey and colleagues developed