Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• results, yolk–shell microstructures embedded within a silica gel matrix appear as the most suitable candidates for robust, easy-to-handle biohybrid materials to retain the bioactivity of the encapsulated microorganisms. It should be considered that, although the viability in sepiolite–biopolymer materials

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• , although quantification of the amount remains approximate. We therefore recommend this approach as a robust methodology for reliable characterization of mass-produced graphene-related 2D materials using confocal Raman spectroscopy. Keywords: few-layer graphene; graphene; metrology; quality control; Raman

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• sensors is of great significance. In 2015, Bai et al. reported a flexible healable transparent chemical gas sensing device that exhibited robust flexibility, good transparency, and reliable water-enabled healability of the gas sensing performance at room temperature [15]. Wang proposed a flexible

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• generated to yield robust PTM materials suitable for SSG applications. Since DPP-DCV and DPP-INCN exhibited stronger ICT interactions than DPP-H, they showed better photothermal properties (Figure 4a). There results highlight the significance of the chemical structure. DPP-H has solubilizing siloxane chains

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• process is primarily the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to its sluggish kinetics resulting in a high overpotential and low efficiency [4]. To overcome this problem, robust anode electrode catalyst materials are required. Since the Ru- and Pt-based catalysts used so far for OER are made using limited

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• data sets at rates greater than one thousand cells per second [20]. This allows for a more robust statistical analysis resulting in a greater degree of confidence. In spite of its clear merits, this technique has not been accepted by the community as much as imaging (reported in less than 50% of the

• papers, Figure 1b). Despite the robust data it can provide, flow cytometry counts the total number of cells associated with NPs and cannot distinguish internalized cargo from surface-bound NPs [1][17]. To precisely quantify internalization, a secondary method is required that can differentiate between

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• painting conditions. However, as a result, a mechanically robust layer was obtained, which did not fall off the electrode spontaneously. Therefore, the more graphitized C-11 carbon material used in Pt-based catalysts is more difficult to apply on Nafion membranes.The cyclic voltammetry curves measured in

Liquid phase exfoliation of talc: effect of the medium on flake size and shape

• Samuel M. Sousa,
• Helane L. O. Morais,
• Joyce C. C. Santos,
• Ana Paula M. Barboza,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• Elisângela S. Pinto and
• Mariana C. Prado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 68–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.8

• . Thick flakes (>100 nm) must be removed to implement a semi-automated analysis of thousands of flakes based on AFM images that provide a robust statistical representation of the sample [24][25]. At the same time, the removal of flakes that are few to tens of nanometers thick would make the effect of

• robust, scalable production route to obtain 2D nanomaterials from minerals. However, many parameters need to be adjusted to obtain a product suitable for a given application. Here, the choice of the medium was addressed while other parameters (mechanical energy source, exfoliation time, centrifugation

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• perform, robust to operate, and inexpensive to conduct [6][7]. With diverse compatible ink choices ranging from simple organic molecules [6] to silicones [8], proteins [9][10], DNA [11], and living cells [12], microcontact-printing-correlated techniques have shown great potential in biochemical research

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• transforms into rutile. This could be due to the carbon components on the MWCNTs acting as a robust reducing agent for facilitating the transformation from anatase to rutile TiO2 by forming oxygen vacancies [30]. Generally, the capacitance of the photoelectrochemical electrode is associated with the

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• -time communication with healthcare providers, as well as the development of large databases of robust measurements classified by patient biometrics or as a function of disease progress. Perspective Limited adoption of nanomechanical AFM measurements in broad-impact medical applications AFM is a well

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• but would rather be embedded, forming robust recesses for creating stable interfaces to maintain persistent air spaces and prevent them from being pushed away by perturbations. In contrast to covering surfaces with pillars or other protrusions, the pit-based principle is based on cavities, which are

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• shows that AFM tips sharpened by extracting individual metal nanoclusters can significantly reduce vdW interactions between the tip and the sample and improve spatial resolution. This type of nano-tip is exceptionally robust and can detect different samples. It is expected that tip functionalization

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• Cantilever-based atomic force microscopy (AFM) performed under ambient conditions has become an important tool to characterize new material systems as well as devices. Current instruments permit robust scanning over large areas, atomic-scale lateral resolution, and the characterization of various sample

• , but also perform rapid overview scans with the tip kept at larger tip–sample distances for robust imaging. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; atomic resolution; instrumentation design; multimodal operation; ultrahigh vacuum; Introduction Atomic force microscopy (AFM) operated under vacuum or

• -based AFM may have lost the attention of the surface science and UHV AFM communities, possibly because of the ease of operation of tuning fork-based AFM and the availability of the corresponding instruments from various manufacturers. Here, we present the design of a robust and easy-to-use cantilever

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• future applications in other disciplines [107]. Atchudan et al. reported a hydrothermal synthesis technique that yields CDs from Morus nigra (black mulberry) fruit juice [81]. This low-cost synthesis approach provides an effective, robust, and eco-friendly nanoscale sensor for the measurement of Fe3

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• application. Among several candidates [1][2][3], palladium-rich Pd1−xFex alloys look attractive because of the noble-metal base robust against deterioration and the possibility to tune the magnetic properties of Pd1−xFex alloy films by varying the iron content x and the preparation conditions [29][30

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• breakage is crucial, considering that PMMA solutions with higher weight percentage (wt %) are usually preferred as they form thicker supporting layers by spin coating: Such layers are mechanically more robust, yet leave behind significant residues [20]. Annealing processes (usually 200–450 °C, under an

• 1170 Ω. The much lower channel resistance for the B2 mixture gives further evidence of a more robust, cleaner, and more effective transfer process. The B2 transfer appears to minimize the PMMA residues, known to act as centers of carrier scattering in graphene and to increase its resistance [19][20

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• the fabrication of a robust, nonenzymatic electrochemical-sensing electrode modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) to detect PT residues in environmental samples (e.g., soil, water) as well as in vegetables and cereals. The ERGO sensor shows a significantly affected

• sensing platform was not cost-effective, stable, and sensitive in order to develop a robust electrochemical nanosensor for on-site monitoring of organophosphates in agricultural samples. To date, no reliable sensing system is available for the rapid quantification of parathion residues in environmental

• samples. Thus, the primary goal of this report was to showcase the fabrication of a more effective, economical, electroactive surface in a simplified way to selectively detect PT residues in real samples. Thus, a robust sensing matrix can be used for designing a nonenzymatic POC device with a low

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• decomposition of amorphous carbon in the ZnxCoy–C particles. In this respect, the Zn1Co4–C/CNT composite was the most thermally stable because of its relatively higher fraction of robust graphitic carbon structure. Figure 6a–c shows the galvanostatic discharge profiles of the LOBs assembled with ZnxCoy–C/CNT

• volume, crystallinity, and electrical conductivity. Such controllable structural characteristics of the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites is beneficial for designing a robust cathode material to boost the electrochemical reactions as well as improving the reversibility of LOBs. Based on the compositional

Tunable high-quality-factor absorption in a graphene monolayer based on quasi-bound states in the continuum

• Jun Wu,
• Yasong Sun,
• Feng Wu,
• Biyuan Wu and
• Xiaohu Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.59

• the proposed scheme is robust to the change of the geometric dimensions, which should be beneficial for real-life applications. Only theoretical design and analysis are presented in this work. For real-life applications, we could first fabricate the substrate-supported dielectric grating by means of

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Dmitriy A. Rybin,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
• Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

• such a solution since both superconducting quantum machine learning circuits [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and superconducting ANNs [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] are rapidly developed nowadays. Robust implementation of the considered quantum-classical system would benefit

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 In order to fabricate a robust and highly sensitive fluorescent probe, we optimized the synthesis conditions of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 including the molar ratio between GSH and Rh6G2 and the concentrations of GNPs and GSH. It was reported that the amino group in the GSH molecule and the aldehyde

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• ]. However, the potential of such electronic nose systems varies according to the implemented classification system. Only between two and four different statistical analysis and classification algorithms were used in the cited literature [22][23][24][25]. In this work, we developed a robust system with seven