Synthesis of [Fe(L_eq)(L_ax)]_n coordination polymer nanoparticles using blockcopolymer micelles

• Christoph Göbel,
• Ottokar Klimm,
• Florian Puchtler,
• Sabine Rosenfeldt,
• Stephan Förster and
• Birgit Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1318–1327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.133

• used the block copolymer polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) to prepare spherical nanoparticles of the 1D spin-crossover coordination polymer [FeLeq(bipy)]n. We were able control the crystallinity of the [FeLeq(bipy)]n core through successive addition of starting material and by variation

• (bpey)]n@BCP, five cycles) is given as typical representative of all samples. A detailed characterisation of all samples with TEM is given in Supporting Information File 1, Table S3. The TEM picture of 3e in Figure 2a clearly reveals the formation of spherical nanoparticles with a core–shell nature. The

AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots with near-IR photoluminescence

• Pavel A. Kotin,
• Sergey S. Bubenov,
• Natalia E. Mordvinova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1156–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.117

• Abstract We report the synthesis of colloidal CdSe quantum dots doped with a novel Ag precursor: AgCl. The addition of AgCl causes dramatic changes in the morphology of synthesized nanocrystals from spherical nanoparticles to tetrapods and finally to large ellipsoidal nanoparticles. Ellipsoidal

Formation and shape-control of hierarchical cobalt nanostructures using quaternary ammonium salts in aqueous media

• Ruchi Deshmukh,
• Anurag Mehra and
• Rochish Thaokar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 494–505, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.53

• obtain cobalt nanostructures of desired size and shape such as spherical nanoparticles [14][15] synthesized by high-temperature chemical reduction while controlling the pH value, cobalt–polymer composite tubes [16] formed by using alumina templates, cobalt cubes [17] produced in imidazolium ionic liquid

• ambient conditions and under zero shear is discussed first. The critical steps for the formation of nanoplates are the twinning of seed crystals, the size reduction of particles and their controlled assembly to form two-dimensional nanoplates. The cobalt seeds are small spherical nanoparticles of ca. 30

• –50 nm that show no surface defects or faults (Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). A mixed population of twinned and un-twinned spherical nanoparticles with an average particle of ca. 15 nm is obtained (Figure 3a) when these seeds are ultrasonicated followed by the instantaneous addition of

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• -FITC and λ = 498 nm for HTRA1-488 and HTRA2-488 labelled proteins. The number of particles per volume and the number of proteins per nanoparticle were computed by taking the mass of calcium phosphate in the dispersion and assuming spherical nanoparticles with the diameter obtained by SEM. where N(NP

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• (DTES)). Spherical nanoparticles (ca. 9 nm) with narrow size distribution were obtained by using DTES or by synthesis performed without silane coupling agents. Rod-like nanoparticles along with 9 nm spherical nanoparticles were formed using aminosilane coupling agents because of a combination of

• purely anatase. SEM images of TiO2 and in situ surface-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticle agglomerates are displayed Figure 3. The measured particle sizes are included in Table 1. TiO2 (Figure 3a), and Ti-DTES (Figure 3b) samples consist of non-porous spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 9

• assigned to interstitial volume of the spherical nanoparticles and the second broader feature is assigned to interstitial volume of the rod-like particles. Coherently with SEM observations, as less spherical nanoparticles are observed in Ti-AEAPS, the volume of the feature between 4 and 7 nm is decreasing

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• , magnetite is ferromagnetic when the particle diameter is larger than 15 nm and superparamagnetic when smaller [8]. Zhen et al. demonstrate that cubic nanoparticles have higher saturation magnetization and T2 relaxation than spherical nanoparticles of the same size [9]. Magnetic nanoparticles with flat

• , and an average diameter of 10 nm. For sample NPS2 (Figure 5b), both spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 7 nm, and nanowires of 20 nm length and 1.5 nm width were obtained. Nanowires constitute the majority of the particles in the NPS2 sample. Nanoparticles in the NPS3 sample (Figure 5c

Effect of Anderson localization on light emission from gold nanoparticle aggregates

• Mohamed H. Abdellatif,
• Marco Salerno,
• Gaser N. Abdelrasoul,
• Ioannis Liakos,
• Alice Scarpellini,
• Sergio Marras and
• Alberto Diaspro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2013–2022, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.192

• revealed a primary particle size of ≈14 nm. For spherical nanoparticles, the condition of plasmon resonance excitation is satisfied when εreal = −2εm, where εreal is the real part of the dielectric constant of the particle material and εm is the dielectric constant of the medium. For nonspherical

• ) or on quartz (blue line). a) measured spectra, b) theoretical modeling for 14 nm diameter spherical nanoparticles in the different medium. The shift of the PL peaks with changing excitation wavelength is shown for AuNPs on a) glass and b) quartz substrate and c) in solution. The red line represents

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption studies towards a new optical biosensor

• Lothar Leidner,
• Julia Stäb,
• Jennifer T. Adam and
• Günter Gauglitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1736–1742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.166

• wavelength-dependent backscattering, part of which is directed to the detector. The spherical nanoparticles are responsible for a relatively weak water band. When anisotropy is added to a nanoparticle, the optical properties change dramatically [15]. Therefore, as a last step of the experiment anisotropy is

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• [37]. We can accomplish a similar effect using a simple room-temperature process in aqueous solution, using ligand interactions to tune the optical properties of spherical nanoparticles through self-assembly. In our assemblies, the close proximity of AgNPs alongside with chain length modulation

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• . Nevertheless, there is an experimental and theoretical approach to fill this gap. Koenig managed to derive T1 and T2 relaxation time functions for nanoparticles within a broad range of the magnetic field [55]. This theory applies to spherical nanoparticles with a cubic crystal unit, such as SPIO. However, the

Efficient electron-induced removal of oxalate ions and formation of copper nanoparticles from copper(II) oxalate precursor layers

• Kai Rückriem,
• Sarah Grotheer,
• Henning Vieker,
• Paul Penner,
• André Beyer,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 852–861, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.77

• infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). Helium ion microscopy (HIM) reveals the formation of spherical nanoparticles with well-defined size and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms their metallic nature. Continued irradiation after depletion of oxalate does not lead to further particle growth giving

• the consequent formation of a nanoparticulate material is investigated here. HIM measurements of an irradiated sample of copper(II) oxalate produced by 16 deposition cycles reveals the formation of spherical nanoparticles with well-defined sizes. These particles consist of metallic copper according to

• copper(II) oxalate needles and become even more visible after an electron exposure of 8000 μC/cm2 (Figure 4d). After this exposure, most of the needle-like structures have disappeared pointing to the removal of copper(II) oxalate under electron exposure. Instead, the surface is now covered with spherical

Direct formation of gold nanorods on surfaces using polymer-immobilised gold seeds

• Majid K. Abyaneh,
• Pietro Parisse and
• Loredana Casalis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 809–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.72

• surface of P1-60 has remained unchanged with dispersed spherical nanoparticles. It is observed that GNRs are formed in a few small regions and agglomerated with larger particles as shown in Figure 5g. Figure 5h, Figure 5j and Figure 5k show how GNRs are formed on the surface of the P2-60 nanocomposite

Time-dependent growth of crystalline Au⁰-nanoparticles in cyanobacteria as self-reproducing bioreactors: 2. Anabaena cylindrica

• Liz M. Rösken,
• Felix Cappel,
• Susanne Körsten,
• Christian B. Fischer,
• Andreas Schönleber,
• Sander van Smaalen,
• Stefan Geimer,
• Christian Beresko,
• Georg Ankerhold and
• Stefan Wehner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 312–327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.30

• determine the area of each individual nanoparticle and to calculate, under the assumption of spherical nanoparticles, its diameter and volume. Since the relative error is decreasing with an increasing absolute number of pixels assigned to a nanoparticle in an image, significant values for the nanoparticles

• the electron dense background caused by the heavy metal stained biomass. Such tiny, nearly spherical nanoparticles have already a volume of more than 30 nm3 (1 nm3 crystalline gold contains around 60 gold atoms). From TEM images an average nanoparticle concentration inside the cells can be determined

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• ] proposed to assemble silver nanoparticles to graphene oxide sheets employing electrostatic interactions and a polymer, as adhesive agent, to impart greater stability against aggregation of AgNPs. Previous investigations are generally focused on spherical nanoparticles and only recently Fan et al. reported

An adapted Coffey model for studying susceptibility losses in interacting magnetic nanoparticles

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2173–2182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.223

• vectors of the magnetic moments of the nanoparticles i and j, respectively, and μ0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum. Due to clinical limitations on the amplitude of the external magnetic field Hext [4][6][10], the anisotropy axes of the spherical nanoparticles are not perfectly aligned to the

• Numerical simulations We considered a system with spherical nanoparticles made of uncoated magnetite, with the following characteristics: density ρ = 5180 kg/m3 [3]; saturation magnetization Ms = 4.46·105 A/m [3]; uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with anisotropy constant Keff = 25·103 J/m3 [3]; random

Nanostructured superhydrophobic films synthesized by electrodeposition of fluorinated polyindoles

• Gabriela Ramos Chagas,
• Thierry Darmanin and
• Frédéric Guittard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2078–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.212

• oleophobic properties are obtained due to the presence of spherical nanoparticles and low surface energy compounds. Keywords: bioinspiration; conducting polymers; electrochemistry; nanostructures; polyindoles; superhydrophobic; Introduction The number of studies about materials with superhydrophobic

• superhydrophobicity of PIndole-6-F6, for example. Here, the presence of a high amount of air between the droplet and the substrate can lead to extremely high θwater with a very low H. In the case of PIndole-6-F6, the presence of the spherical nanoparticles formed on the surface during the polymerization allows to

• properties were reached due to the presence of spherical nanoparticles and the fluorinated compounds on the surface. This work opens new ways in the formation of superhydrophobic polyindoles films by electrodeposition for future applications. Experimental Monomer synthesis and characterization 4-(aminomethyl

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• nanocomposites are shown in Figure 7a,c. The darker, spherical nanoparticles (with a mean diameter of about 20 nm for Au/TMC/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and 40 nm for Au/chitosan/Fe3O4 nanoparticles) indicate successful attachment of Au nanoparticles onto the polymer-covered Fe3O4 nanoparticles. By comparison, it can be

Formation of substrate-based gold nanocage chains through dealloying with nitric acid

• Ziren Yan,
• Ying Wu and
• Junwei Di

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.140

• quasi-spherical nanoparticles [3]. During the replacement reaction, Au atoms are deposited epitaxially on the surface of the Ag template. They nucleate and grow into small islands, and eventually evolve into a shell around the silver particles. The thin shell formed in the early stage is incomplete, and

The Kirkendall effect and nanoscience: hollow nanospheres and nanotubes

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Ryusuke Nakamura and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1348–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.139

• reports on this topic, similar to the case of the spherical nanoparticles presented in the previous section, the hollowing process of nanowires can now be easily described (Figure 9) [12][15][23][33][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. Briefly, the conversion process starts with the adsorption of oxygen

Preparation of Ni/Cu composite nanowires

• Hu Wang,
• Xiaoyu Li,
• Ming Li,
• Kenan Xie and
• Li Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1268–1271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.130

• mechanical stability of Ni/Cu composite nanowires and confirms that they are not merely a loose aggregate of spherical nanoparticles. The EDS graph of the synthesized Ni/Cu composite nanowires in a typical experiment is shown in Figure 1d. The analysis data show that the contents of nickel and copper were

Fulleropeptide esters as potential self-assembled antioxidants

• Mira S. Bjelaković,
• Tatjana J. Kop,
• Jelena Đorđević and
• Dragana R. Milić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1065–1071, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.107

• -assembled structures. Additionally, SEM images of self-organized structures of all the investigated compounds are shown in Figure S1 (Supporting Information File 1). Two types of rounded particles (flat and curled), originating from spontaneously formed, self-organized spherical nanoparticles, were the

• )). SEM studies revealed that the other five fulleropeptides, 4, 5, 9, 11, and 12, self-assembled into mainly individual, flat-spherical nanoparticles of various sizes (Figure 3C,D) or into the network-type structures (Figure 3E,F). It should be noted that the heteropeptides 9, 11, and 12 had the

• fulleropeptide spherical nanoparticles. Half-wave reduction potentials vs Fc/Fc+ (0.53 V vs Ag/Ag+ in DMF) of fullerene esters in DMF containing 0.1 M TBAP as the supporting electrolyte. The direct antioxidant capacity (Δ%) and the relative antioxidant capacity (Aox-rel) of the tested compounds (0.002 mg/mL

Nanostructuring of GeTiO amorphous films by pulsed laser irradiation

• Valentin S. Teodorescu,
• Cornel Ghica,
• Adrian V. Maraloiu,
• Mihai Vlaicu,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Magdalena L. Ciurea,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Ana M. Lepadatu,
• Nicu D. Scarisoreanu,
• Andreea Andrei,
• Valentin Ion and
• Maria Dinescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 893–900, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.92

• ), the wave relief disappears and an irregular structure of nanovoids appears in the surface layer. A closer look at the transformed surface layer (see Figure 3) reveals the formation of spherical nanoparticles and nanovoids. The formed nanovoids contribute to the small volume increase even at 15 mJ/cm2

• field induces the formation of the amorphous Ge spherical nanoparticles. The Ge nanoparticles formation can be explained only by assuming the fast diffusion of Ge in a surface layer with its thickness being related to the laser radiation absorption length. The laser pulse duration is τ = 7 ns, and the

Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization

• Lisa Landgraf,
• Ines Müller,
• Peter Ernst,
• Miriam Schäfer,
• Christina Rosman,
• Isabel Schick,
• Oskar Köhler,
• Hartmut Oehring,
• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Thomas Basché,
• Carsten Sönnichsen,
• Wolfgang Tremel and
• Ingrid Hilger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28

• the cellular ATP levels than smaller ones. Nevertheless, these findings appear not to be specific for the asymmetric structure of the Au@MnO particles, as spherical nanoparticles exhibit a similar behavior (Figure 3b, 10 nm vs 24 nm MnO domain). This aspect has been corroborated by other studies on

• spherical nanoparticles demonstrating that larger nanoparticles exhibit a higher cytotoxic potential than smaller ones [50][51]. Therefore, the size-dependency rules already known for spherical nanoparticles also apply for particles with Janus features. Nanoparticle internalization depends on surface charge

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

• with a prism or a grating, and from photonic structures, the most successful and promising results were certainly obtained from localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures. 4.3.1 Spherical nanoparticles: In 2009, Pluchery et al. and Humbert et al. demonstrated that the vibrational SFG

• detection of the bio-recognition and of a subsequent molecular re-ordering. 4.3.2 Nano-antennas: Up to now, SE-SFG has been demonstrated in only a few studies with a limited variety of nanostructures. Asides from spherical nanoparticles, the other reported nanostructure was nano-antennas. Supporting two