Spin-chemistry concepts for spintronics scientists

• Konstantin L. Ivanov,
• Alexander Wagenpfahl,
• Carsten Deibel and
• Jörg Matysik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1427–1445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.143

• , Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany Universität Leipzig, Institut für Analytische Chemie, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.143 Abstract Spin chemistry and spintronics developed independently and with different terminology. Until now, the interaction between the two

• fields has been very limited. In this review, we compile the two “languages” in an effort to enhance communication. We expect that knowledge of spin chemistry will accelerate progress in spintronics. Keywords: CIDEP; magnetic field effects; photo-CIDNP; radical pairs; triplet states; Review

• the field of spintronics as an introduction into the older field of spin chemistry. It seems to be economically reasonable to learn spin chemistry language and concepts to prevent reinvention of previous knowledge. We will first review the languages that developed mostly independently in both fields

Deposition of exchange-coupled dinickel complexes on gold substrates utilizing ambidentate mercapto-carboxylato ligands

• Martin Börner,
• Laura Blömer,
• Marcus Kischel,
• Peter Richter,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Maria E. N. Fuentes,
• Carlos C. B. Bufon,
• Daniel Grimm,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Daniel Breite,
• Bernd Abel and
• Berthold Kersting

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1375–1387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.139

• in various fields, including molecular spintronics. In this work, the synthesis of mixed-ligand complexes of the type [NiII2L(L’)](ClO4), where L represents a 24-membered macrocyclic hexaazadithiophenolate ligand and L’ is a ω-mercapto-carboxylato ligand (L’ = HS(CH2)5CO2− (6), HS(CH2)10CO2− (7), or

• molecular spintronics”) and the University of Leipzig for general support. We thank Prof. Dr. H. Krautscheid for providing facilities for X-ray crystallographic measurements and L. J. Endter for her assistance in the synthesis of the organic compounds.

Charge transport in organic nanocrystal diodes based on rolled-up robust nanomembrane contacts

• Vineeth Kumar Bandari,
• Lakshmi Varadharajan,
• Longqian Xu,
• Abdur Rehman Jalil,
• Mirunalini Devarajulu,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Feng Zhu and
• Oliver G. Schmidt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1277–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.129

• optoelectronics and spintronics [4][5][6]. Organic nanocrystals have drawn much attention in the community because high quality material can be efficiently generated by controlling the nanoscale physical growth and/or chemical synthesis process [7][8][9][10]. The deposition of organic conjugated molecules is

• support. This research was financially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG Research Unit 1154 “Towards Molecular Spintronics” and Europäischen Sozialfonds (ESF).

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• with our partners in the DFG-supported research unit “Towards Molecular Spintronics” [6][7][8][9]. For example, (metallo)porphyrins were synthesized and deposited by OMBD for different kinds of physical thin-film studies [6][7][8][9]. In one of these contributions thin films of CuTPP(OMe)4 (Figure 1

• experimental data. Acknowledgements This work has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through project FOR 1154 “Towards Molecular Spintronics”. We thank Janine Freytag, Brigitte Kempe and Dipl.-Chem. Natalia Rüffer for EA, ESIMS and TG measurements.

Adsorption characteristics of Er₃N@C₈₀on W(110) and Au(111) studied via scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy

• Sebastian Schimmel,
• Zhixiang Sun,
• Danny Baumann,
• Denis Krylov,
• Nataliya Samoylova,
• Alexey Popov,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Christian Hess

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1127–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.114

• to the versatile characteristics, the trimetallic nitride endohedral fullerenes are considered as promising candidates for applications in the fields of molecular electronics, molecular spintronics and quantum information processing. The implementation of these ambitious applications requires the

Ultrasmall magnetic field-effect and sign reversal in transistors based on donor/acceptor systems

• Thomas Reichert and
• Tobat P. I. Saragi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1104–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.112

• . Generally, three different topics are in the focus of this emerging research field, namely organic spin-valves [1][2][3][4][5][6], organic magnetoresistance [7][8][9][10][11][12] and spin-related effects in hybrid devices [13][14][15]. Research on organic spintronics have mostly used a diode as device

• structure (two-terminal device). In contrast, our tool in organic spintronics are field-effect transistors (three-terminal device), which gain new insight into spin transport phenomena in organic π-conjugated materials. In field-effect transistors, the sign of charge carriers is defined by the gate voltage

Stable Au–C bonds to the substrate for fullerene-based nanostructures

• Taras Chutora,
• Jesús Redondo,
• Bruno de la Torre,
• Martin Švec,
• Pavel Jelínek and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1073–1079, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.109

• atoms and molecules can be manipulated. In parallel, the use of atomistic simulations, mainly based on density functional theory (DFT), has allowed for a detailed understanding of the basic mechanisms that determine the electronic and nanoscale transport properties [1]. For spintronics, small organic

• Au is very fast at room temperature, individual molecules cannot be stabilized and contacted outside islands. This has important consequences for single-molecule transport, where it would be desirable to have reliable and stable metal–molecule contacts. In the case of molecular spintronics, the

Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption of vibrational modes of organic molecules

• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Olga Cherkasova,
• Sergei A. Kuznetsov,
• Ilya A. Milekhin,
• Ekatherina E. Rodyakina,
• Alexander V. Latyshev,
• Sreetama Banerjee,
• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 975–981, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.99

• the last decade, organic semiconductors gained the attention of the spintronics community as these organic semiconductors have been considered as good candidates for spin transport. The most interesting property of organic semiconductors for spintronic applications is the weak spin–scattering

• molecules, often investigated as promising candidates for molecular spintronics [5][6]. There have been studies on molecule/metal interfaces [7], magnetic coupling in the metal phthalocyanine layers [8], spin transport or magnetic properties through single molecules or even thin layers [6][9][10] of

Tuning the spin coherence time of Cu(II)−(bis)oxamato and Cu(II)−(bis)oxamidato complexes by advanced ESR pulse protocols

• Ruslan Zaripov,
• Evgeniya Vavilova,
• Iskander Khairuzhdinov,
• Kev Salikhov,
• Violeta Voronkova,
• Mohammad A. Abdulmalic,
• Francois E. Meva,
• Saddam Weheabby,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Vladislav Kataev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 943–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.96

• . Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Focused Research Unit FOR1154 “Towards Molecular Spintronics” and through the Program of Fundamental Research of the Presidium RAS No. 1.26П.

Probing the magnetic superexchange couplings between terminal Cu^II ions in heterotrinuclear bis(oxamidato) type complexes

• Mohammad A. Abdulmalic,
• Saddam Weheabby,
• Francois E. Meva,
• Azar Aliabadi,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Frederik Schleife,
• Berthold Kersting and
• Tobias Rüffer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.82

• of 1–3. Acknowledgements This work has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through project FOR 1154 “Towards Molecular Spintronics”. M. A. A. thanks the DAAD for a scholarship. We thank Janine Freytag and Ute Stöß for measuring elemental analysis.

Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study

• Veronique Dupuis,
• Anthony Robert,
• Arnaud Hillion,
• Ghassan Khadra,
• Nils Blanc,
• Damien Le Roy,
• Florent Tournus,
• Clement Albin,
• Olivier Boisron and
• Alexandre Tamion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1850–1860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.177

• magnetic ordering at the nanoscale in both FeRh and FeCo alloys for their potential applications in heat-assisted magnetic recording and spintronics [5][6]. Several routes have been developed to produce such bimetallic nanoparticles during which annealing is generally necessary to give the nanoalloy enough

Nonlinear thermoelectric effects in high-field superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions

• Stefan Kolenda,
• Peter Machon,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1579–1585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.152

• . Keywords: spintronics, superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids, thermoelectricity; Introduction Electrons in classical superconductors are bound in spin-singlet Cooper pairs, whereas ferromagnetic materials prefer parallel spin alignment. In nanoscale hybrid structures made of superconductors and ferromagnets

• , the competition of these antagonistic spin orders can be exploited to produce superconducting spintronics functionality [1][2][3]. Several promising spintronic effects have been theoretically predicted and subsequently experimentally observed. Examples are the odd-frequency triplet supercurrent [4][5

Signal enhancement in cantilever magnetometry based on a co-resonantly coupled sensor

• Julia Körner,
• Christopher F. Reiche,
• Thomas Gemming,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Gerald Gerlach and
• Thomas Mühl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1033–1043, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.96

• ; Introduction Over the last decade, magnetic objects of micro- and nanometer size have come into focus of researchers, since they offer a wide range of possible applications. These include magnetic storage techniques and spintronics [1], as well as the study of magnetic microorganisms in biology, for example

Phenalenyl-based mononuclear dysprosium complexes

• Yanhua Lan,
• Andrea Magri,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.92

• sublimation onto surfaces, an important prerequisite for ongoing studies in molecular spintronics. Keywords: coordination complexes; dysprosium; magnetism; mononuclear; phenalenyl-based; Introduction In the pioneering studies of next-generation information processing devices, single-molecule magnets (SMMs

Thickness dependence of the triplet spin-valve effect in superconductor–ferromagnet–ferromagnet heterostructures

• Daniel Lenk,
• Vladimir I. Zdravkov,
• Jan-Michael Kehrle,
• Günter Obermeier,
• Aladin Ullrich,
• Roman Morari,
• Hans-Albrecht Krug von Nidda,
• Claus Müller,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Siegfried Horn,
• Rafael G. Deminov,
• Lenar R. Tagirov and
• Reinhard Tidecks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 957–969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.88

• ]. The generation of spin-triplet Cooper pairs in S/F-heterostructures is expected to be the key to merge superconductivity and spintronics, because spin currents can be realized by supercurrents flowing through ferromagnetic materials, thus minimizing heating effects in spintronic devices [59]. Recently

Microscopic characterization of Fe nanoparticles formed on SrTiO₃(001) and SrTiO₃(110) surfaces

• Miyoko Tanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 817–824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.73

• microscopy (TEM); Wulff construction; Introduction Metal nanoparticles on oxide substrates are one of the key materials in modern technology. Not only are they widely used in catalysis, there are also potential applications in nanoelectronics, spintronics, photonics, sensors, and fuel cells [1][2][3][4][5

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• , Fe, Cr, V) considerably increases the capabilities of applying that material in electronics, spintronics and optoelectronics [14][15][16]. Papers related to the magnetic properties of Mn2+-doped ZnO focus on the impact of homogeneity, phase purity and dopant content on the properties [17][18]. In the

Single-molecule magnet behavior in 2,2’-bipyrimidine-bridged dilanthanide complexes

• Wen Yu,
• Frank Schramm,
• Eufemio Moreno Pineda,
• Yanhua Lan,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Jinjie Chen,
• Hironari Isshiki,
• Wolfgang Wernsdorfer,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 126–137, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.15

• with the presence of hysteresis loops. Keywords: bipyrimidine; diketone; hysteresis; lanthanide; magnetism; Introduction The application of magnetic molecular compounds within molecular electronic devices is combined in the progressive field of spintronics. An anisotropic spin is confined by the

• discovered striking advantages that make this class of molecules promising candidates for molecular spintronics [4]: (a) Each molecule behaves as a single spin domain, thus they could act as the base of a high-density information storage or processing unit; (b) They possess an energy barrier to inversion of

Effects of spin–orbit coupling and many-body correlations in STM transport through copper phthalocyanine

• Benjamin Siegert,
• Andrea Donarini and
• Milena Grifoni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2452–2462, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.254

• phthalocyanine; magnetotransport; spin–orbit interaction; scanning tunneling microscopy (STM); Introduction Spin–orbit interaction (SOI) can play a major role in molecular spintronics. For example, in combination with the configuration of the non-magnetic component (organic ligand), it is known to be essential

Paramagnetism of cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles obtained by microwave solvothermal synthesis

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka,
• Witold Lojkowski,
• Wojciech Knoff,
• Malgorzata I. Lukasiewicz,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin T. Klepka,
• Tomasz Story and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1957–1969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.200

• wide application of Zn1−xCoxO in spintronics, a ferromagnetic response (FM) at room temperature (RT) is required. This was theoretically predicted [34][35] and there are claims of experimental confirmation of these predictions [40][41][42]. However, there were also a number of observations

• or in spintronics, Zn1−xCoxO NPs should show a ferromagnetic response at room temperature. However, such a response was not present in our prepared samples made using the microwave solvothermal process. In the MSS process, the particles were produced at 220 °C, a relatively low temperature, and the

Atomic scale interface design and characterisation

• Carla Bittencourt,
• Chris Ewels and
• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1708–1711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.174

• barrier at the metal–nanostructure contact, thus investigation of the metal–nanostructure interaction aiming at understanding the physics and chemistry of this interface is critical for the design of optimal devices [1][2][3]. Potential applications of nanostructures such as spintronics, or light

Self-assembly of nanostructures and nanomaterials

• Isabelle Berbezier and
• Maurizio De Crescenzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1397–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.144

• with potential to shape future scientific research, self-assembly is the most promising path to breakthroughs in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, spintronics, molecular nanotechnology, biology, materials science, software, robotics, manufacturing, transportation, energy harvesting, infrastructure and

Production, detection, storage and release of spin currents

• Michele Cini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 736–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.75

• effects and spin currents have become one of the main directions, also in view of promising applications to the new field of spintronics. An excellent review has been provided by Žutić and co-workers [1]. In recent years there has been in the literature a growing interest in the relation between magnetic

Electroburning of few-layer graphene flakes, epitaxial graphene, and turbostratic graphene discs in air and under vacuum

• Andrea Candini,
• Nils Richter,
• Domenica Convertino,
• Camilla Coletti,
• Franck Balestro,
• Wolfgang Wernsdorfer,
• Mathias Kläui and
• Marco Affronte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 711–719, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.72

• promising for molecular electronics and spintronics. Here we report a systematic characterization of the electroburning (EB) process, leading to the formation of nanometer-spaced gaps, on different types of few-layer graphene (namely mechanically exfoliated graphene on SiO2, graphene epitaxially grown on

• ; molecular electronics; molecular spintronics; Introduction The vision of molecular electronics is the exploitation of single molecules as the active units in complex devices offering novel functionalities beyond the present technology [1][2][3]. To achieve this goal, several technological challenges need

• optimal working conditions for the different types of device. We believe that these results will contribute to the realization of reliable graphene based electrodes for molecular electronics and spintronics. Experimental Few-layer graphene flakes were deposited by the standard “scotch tape” mechanical

Hybrid spin-crossover nanostructures

• Carlos M. Quintero,
• Gautier Félix,
• Iurii Suleimanov,
• José Sánchez Costa,
• Gábor Molnár,
• Lionel Salmon,
• William Nicolazzi and
• Azzedine Bousseksou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2230–2239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.232

• properties [44] has also been very recently reported using polymer composite and multilayer heterostructure systems, respectively. Finally, let us note that spintronics may also benefit from SCO nanohybrids as was highlighted by a scanning tunneling microscopy experiment [45]. Classification of core–shell