Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• solution containing plasmonic nanoparticles (from red to blue) in the presence of molecules offers an excellent tool for colorimetric sensing without the need of using advanced techniques. Similarly, selective fluorescence quenching of organic dyes or semiconducting nanoparticles by plasmonic nanoparticles

• times larger than their physical diameters) [59], and the lack of photobleaching (unlike organic fluorescent dyes and semiconductor nanocrystals) are additional parameters making plasmonic nanocrystals attractive materials for biosensing. Importantly, the position of the plasmon band and its bandwidth

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• complementary base pairs. Cy3 and Cy5 dyes acted as donor–acceptor FRET pair systems that were ligated at the 5' and 3' end of the duplex stem structure, respectively. Under normal physiological conditions, the closed hairpin structure of the LMB probe facilitated juxtaposition of the two dyes, followed by

• dyes and DNA for the detection of damaged DNA [64]. Apart from biological samples, the identification of volatile organic compounds is another important field gaining the attention of researchers. Hairpin DNA and peptide sequences were integrated in a sensor design strategy to develop an optoelectronic

• double-helical DNA through ᴅ- and ʟ-threolinol linkers to analyze the molecular exciton theory of heterodimeric chromophores [95]. NMR studies revealed the antiparallel orientation of the two dyes across the duplex strand. Further studies indicated that the increment in dye number could dramatically

Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup

• Lars Kool,
• Floris Dekker,
• Anton Bunschoten,
• Glen J. Smales,
• Brian R. Pauw,
• Aldrik H. Velders and
• Vittorio Saggiomo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 16–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.2

• materials is not coming from organic dyes or inorganic complexes but from the plasmonic effect of nanoparticles, which are more stable to photobleaching or degradation. Using the methodology presented here it is also possible to synthesise plasmonic nanocomposite 3D printable smart materials, which behave

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide” [31]. In this article, two fluorescent organic dyes, dicyanomethylene and pyranine, emit visible light upon blue LED excitation and are tethered to single layer hydroxide platelets

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• of copper is higher than the hierarchical substrate on the copper plane. Raman spectroscopy of malachite green molecules on hierarchical SERS substrates Malachite green (MG) is commonly used in food and biological dyes and is one of the most common bactericides in aquaculture. However, malachite

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• commonly used labels is fluorescein [37][38][39][40][41][42]. In biomedical applications, fluorescein has several advantages over other dyes such as nontoxicity, high water solubility, and pH responsivity. Fluorescein demonstrates a high fluorescence efficiency at basic pH values but becomes nonfluorescent

• )-functionalized BNNTs Fluorescence microscopy of living cells has become an integral part of modern cell biology. Most often cellular imaging is provided using fluorescent labels, including fluorescent dyes, nanoparticles, nanocomposites or proteins [55]. This label must meet certain criteria, such as

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• ) light) and emit photons of higher energy (e.g., visible light) via a two- or multiphoton upconversion mechanism involving several energy transfer steps [2][3][4][5]. Advantages of UCNPs compared to organic dyes or other inorganic nanoscale reporters are the emission of a multitude of characteristic

The role of Ag⁺, Ca²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Al³⁺ adions in the SERS turn-on effect of anionic analytes

• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu,
• Loredana F. Leopold and
• Nicolae Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2338–2345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.224

• technique with detection limits below nanomolar concentrations and is able to resolve single molecules of cationic dyes such as rhodamine 6G or crystal violet. The SERS detection of such cationic analytes has been achieved by using chloride-activated colloids, with chloride assuming the role of an

• AgNPs were immobilized on a glass surface [12]. Recently, we brought further evidence for the role of the Cl− adion in the SERS detection of cationic molecules, showing that Cl− (but also Br− or I−) adions promote the chemisorption of cationic dyes to the silver surface leading to the turn-on of the

• were able to detect the SERS signal of the cationic dyes only after facilitating the chemisorption of Cl− ions by Ag+, Ca2+ or Mg2+ adions [13][14]. We explained this surface process by an adion-specific adsorption model and the SERS enhancement in the context of the electronic mechanism of SERS, which

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• interaction and faint differences. Kim and co-workers fabricated sensor arrays that were engineered with fluorescence dyes and cucurbit[n]urils (n = 6, 7 and 8) as host systems [91]. The obtained sensors were used for sensing biogenic amines with the aid of principal component analysis. This

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• perovskites [39][40][41], organic dyes [42][43], quantum dots [44] and CDots [15][45]. Among these, CDots are a promising alternative since they are cost effective and optically feasible, making them commercially viable. Employing CDots as color conversion layers in a WLED configuration is a relatively new

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• various core materials [21][22][23][24]. Recent studies involving spherical capsules have introduced a variety of materials into the core such as DNA, antibiotics, fluorescent dyes, and metal nanoparticles [25][26][27][28][29][30]. These types of particles show great promise for applications such as drug

High-tolerance crystalline hydrogels formed from self-assembling cyclic dipeptide

• Yongcai You,
• Ruirui Xing,
• Qianli Zou,
• Feng Shi and
• Xuehai Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1894–1901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.184

• ) (Figure 2A). Thioflavin T (ThT) and nile red (NR), two specific dyes for hydrophobic domains and beta-sheet secondary structures, respectively, were used to obtain insights into the detailed interior structure of the hydrogel [49]. CLSM results confirmed that the C-WY hydrogel contains both hydrophobic

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• apoptotic/dead cells were determined by flow cytometry analysis after staining with CAM and EthD dyes. The doses that caused low or no significant reduction in cell viability (Figure 4a) showed apoptotic processes in a dose-response manner for all tested species (Figure 4b). In accordance with the MTT data

• , Hamburg, Germany). After treatment with AgNPs or AuNPs (at 5 mg Ag/Au L−1), the cells were washed with PBS, fixed with ice-cold methanol (−20 °C), and stained with F-actin-phalloidin and Hoechst 33258 nucleic acid dyes. The slides were then mounted in Fluoroshield Antifade Mounting Medium and their images

• evaluation of SSC signals that may be triggered by NPs. The highest concentration of each NP solution was run first to set the range for the maximum SSC signal. Gate settings for each experiment were performed using several different positive and negative controls, including NPs with and without dyes

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• removal of pollutants from water, for instance dyes [31] and, As(III) and As(V) species [34]. Moreover, they could be used as precursors for supported metal-oxide nanoparticles that could be of interest in catalysis [31]. MgAl-LDH/sepiolite nanoarchitectures have been also satisfactorily tested as

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• -exchangers, and indicative dyes were incorporated in an optode system detecting caesium ions in tap water and seawater [80]. Photo-controllable molecular devices were successfully fabricated using two-dimensional self-assembled monolayer technology as recently reviewed by Suda [81]. Hierarchic functional

BiOCl/TiO₂/diatomite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

• Minlin Ao,
• Kun Liu,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Zishun Li,
• Qian Peng and
• Jing Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1412–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.139

• photocatalyst prepared by dispersing TiO2 and BiOCl on the surface of diatomite for the first time. Rhodamine B (RhB) is one of the most commonly used dyes and is a highly toxic compound with potential carcinogenicity. It is often used in textile, painting, chemical and other industries. RhB released from these

• indicates that BiOCl and TiO2 are mainly dispersed on the surface of diatomite, but not in the pores. The larger pore volume will be beneficial to the enrichment and degradation of dyes, thus showing a higher catalytic performance [33]. The surface chemical state of BTD was characterized by XPS. The survey

Green fabrication of lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors: Y(OH)₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles for white light generation

• Tugrul Guner,
• Anilcan Kus,
• Mehmet Ozcan,
• Aziz Genc,
• Hasan Sahin and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.119

• as quantum dots [22], perovskites [23], organic dyes [24], etc. In the case of phosphors, combining a red phosphor with YAG:Ce3+ over a blue LED is the simplest way of increasing the CRI while reducing the CCT. Phosphors mostly consist of thermally and chemically stable inorganic hosts such as YAG

A highly efficient porous rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the degradation of dye contaminants in water

• Binjing Hu,
• Qiang Sun,
• Chengyi Zuo,
• Yunxin Pei,
• Siwei Yang,
• Hui Zheng and
• Fangming Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1157–1165, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.115

• ; Introduction Organic dyes used in the textile and dye industries account for a large proportion of pollutants in wastewater. Most of the organic dyes used are difficult to degrade, resulting in irreversible damage to the environment [1]. Although many efficient approaches have been applied to manage this

• ]. Recently, photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using semiconductors has attracted much attention [6]. This refers to the process in which organic compounds are gradually oxidized into inorganic compounds or even H2O and CO2 under the synergistic effects of light and photocatalysis. ZnO is one of the

• levels serve as electron traps for photogenerated electrons. In this way, the recombination of photoinduced holes and electrons is suppressed, which accelerates the transfer of electrons to dissolve oxygen molecules and to produce more superoxide radicals to degrade probe dyes [9][22]. As a result, CZO-4

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• photodegradation of diverse organic compounds, including the photodecolorization of dyes such as methylene blue (MB), methyl green (MG), acid red G, acid yellow 11, acid orange 11, and Congo red, in water, as well as other photo-applications, for instance, water splitting under UV or visible/solar light

• harmful organic compounds, such as pesticides, phenols, dyes, and pharmaceuticals drugs to water, CO2, and non-toxic inorganic residues under solar light or UV irradiation. Advantages such as low cost and chemical stability are essential requirements of this type of photocatalysts [25][26]. In addition

• surface area values are of the order of 50–100 m2/g whereas the ZnO NPs alone exhibit values below 15 m2/g. The mesoporosity (ca. 0.25 cm3/g total porosity) together the photoactivity of the ZnO NPs make these materials suitable photocatalysts for the removal of organic dyes from water [118]. ZnO–clay

Correlation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the surface density of gold nanoparticles: evaluation of the critical number of SERS tags for a detectable signal

• Vincenzo Amendola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1016–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.102

• dyes without AuNTs under the same experimental conditions. Moreover, it is well known from literature that the utilization of Au NPs of the same size is associated with higher SERS enhancement factors [18], therefore suggesting that the performance of the AuNTs can be further improved by employing size

• -selected nanospheres. Conclusion In this study, the performance of SERS labels based on Au NPs and organic dyes resonant at 633 nm was investigated by a combination of Raman and TEM analysis. The AuNTs were designed in order to support multiple electromagnetic hot spots for any polarization direction of

Comparing a porphyrin- and a coumarin-based dye adsorbed on NiO(001)

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 874–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.88

• technologies such as dye-sensitized solar cells. A key optimization parameter for such devices is the choice of the compounds in order to control the direction and the intensity of charge transfer across the interface. Here, the deposition of two different molecular dyes, porphyrin and coumarin, as single

• semiconductor after photon absorption [17][19][20], resulting in an electron transfer from the surface of the semiconductor towards the dyes (see Figure 1a). In other terms, the direction of charge transfer relies on the electron affinity of the dyes and on their HOMO and LUMO levels compared to the CB and VB

• of the semiconductor. Typically, dyes are specifically designed to be compatible with one or the other type of device. Consequently, the careful choice of the dye is crucial for the optimal function of n- or p-type DSSCs. Because of its electron-donor character, copper(II) meso-tetrakis(4

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• . Meanwhile different imaging and therapeutic agents can be loaded into the shell of multifunctional nanocomposites. Various AuNR-based nanocomposites loaded with anticancer drugs [17][18][19], photodynamic dyes [20][21], MRI contrast agents [22] and many others ligands [23][24] have already been reported for

• capacity for various cargo molecules such as drugs or photodynamic dyes. Third, the coating should have functional groups and be ready for click conjugation with target or “shadowing” molecules, e.g., antibodies, peptides, folates and PEG. Finally, the AuNR coating procedure should be robust and provide a

• provides additional potential advantages for in vivo experiments as compared to other inorganic coatings such as silica shells. It is well known [46] that the adsorption of fluorescent dyes on Au nanoparticles can induce quenching of their emission. However, in the AuNRs-PDA-R123-folate, the PDA layer

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• luminescent organic dyes in a single-layered hydroxide (SLH)-type inorganic matrix has been developed. Two fluorescent organic dyes emitting visible light upon blue LED excitation were investigated in this study: dicyanomethylene (DCM) and pyranine (HPTS). These dyes exhibit broad emission bands that cover a

• large part of the visible spectrum. The concept developed in our work consisted in keeping SLH in its wet form to ensure a good dispersion of the fluorescent dyes prior to immobilizing the hybrid materials in a silicone polymer to achieve luminescent composite films. We demonstrate that these coatings

• issue. In this context, it seems crucial to identify new cheap and REE-free phosphors capable of delivering cost-effective light energy conversion. Luminescent organic dyes are a relevant alternative to REEs. Indeed, they are known to exhibit high luminous efficiency at low cost and may be associated

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• nitrogen or argon bubbling and/or freeze–pump–thaw cycles, the oxygen content can be lowered. These techniques are efficient enough to suppress the oxygen quenching of fluorescence [13]. The case of fluorescent samples containing dyes encapsulated in nanoconfined materials is more complicated. In general

• scattering than visible light, causes less photodamage, and can penetrate deeper into tissues. Hence, it is preferred for life-science applications. Organic dyes that can be excited above 600 nm are highly favorable for live-cell imaging experiments, because the background signal obtained from the

• the π-conjugated core system of highly fluorescent perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxdimides. The rylene dyes have unique optical properties, such as high extinction coefficients, high thermal, chemical and photochemical stabilities, and exhibit brilliant colors [29][30]. Furthermore, in bulk samples, TDI