Influence of the magnetic nanoparticle coating on the magnetic relaxation time

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1207–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.105

• Langevin dynamics method was applied based on the effective Verlet-type algorithm. The Néel magnetic relaxation time was obtained via the Coffey method in an oblique magnetic field, adapted to the local magnetic field on a nanoparticle. Keywords: colloidal system; effective Verlet-type algorithm; magnetic

• . Upon reaching the tumour, the magnetic nanoparticles are locally subjected to an alternating magnetic field, generating heat that kills the cancer cells [1]. The heat is generated due to two phenomena: Néel relaxation (an internal phenomenon driven by the rotation of the particle magnetic moment inside

• the particle) and Brown relaxation (an external phenomenon driven by the rotation of the nanoparticle along the magnetic moment). Both internal and external sources of friction lead to a delay in the orientation of the particle magnetic moment in the direction of the applied magnetic field, thus

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

• Rosa Córdoba,
• Alfonso Ibarra,
• Dominique Mailly,
• Isabel Guillamón,
• Hermann Suderow and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1198–1206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.104

• is present along the whole nanowire length. Moreover, these nanowires become superconducting at 6.8 K and show high values of critical magnetic field and critical current density. Consequently, these 3D nano-objects could be implemented as components in the next generation of electronics, such as

• magnetic field (µ0Hc2(0)) up to 9.5 T [14][15][16]. Alternatively, in combination with Nb(NMe2)3(N-t-Bu), Ga+ FIBID yielded NbC wires with a broadened Tc range from 4 to 11 K [18]. One significant limitation is that 3D elements below 100 nm in diameter cannot be obtained with Ga+ FIBID, mainly due to the

• Ti pads. Finally, we made four-point-probe electrical measurements at low temperature (down to 0.5 K) and under a magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate plane (up to 9 T). The NWs change from the normal to the superconducting state at Tc (0.5RN) values between 5.45 and 6.78 K (Figure 6a and

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• behave like one magnetic unit, rotating in the presence of a magnetic field without retaining the magnetism after the magnetic field is removed [17]. This property makes SPIONs good candidates for MRI, and also for a type of thermic treatment of cancer, called localized hyperthermia. There are also other

• pool (ferritin and transferrin) for normal metabolic activities [20]. In localized hyperthermia, SPIONs generate heat by constantly aligning to an alternating magnetic field. This heat is rapidly transferred to the surrounding cancerous tissue in which proteins denature and, consequently, cells become

• alternating magnetic field [30]. Currently, it is used only as an alternative therapy and nearly always in combination with other therapies [34]. Results have shown that even non-magnetic hyperthermia (water-bath method) using SPIONs has cytotoxic effects [35]. Many studies focus on the potential of SPIONs as

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• . This strategy is based on wet-spinning of magnetic fibers, which are collected on a rotating needle controlled by an external magnetic field with a predefined helical geometry. The fibers were characterized regarding their morphology, microstructure, magnetization and mechanical characteristics. These

• flat as a result of their soft nature during the winding process (Figure 3A). This appearance resembled the morphology of helical alginate microfibers, where fiber shaping was achieved by micromanipulation in a magnetic field [47]. In comparison to the aforementioned work [47] and also to the 3D

• obtained at a magnetic field strength of 40 × 103 Gs using 72 points per loop with a scan speed of 10 s per point. The range covered during the hysteresis scan was between +22 × 103 Oe and −22 × 103 Oe. During the scans, the magnetic field was measured with a FCM-10 control module and the magnetization

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• the influence of varied dimensionless parameters has been the focus of research in contemporary times. This work models the effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption parameter in a steady, laminar, two-dimensional boundary layer flow of a nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet at a

• –corrector method is employed to solve the equations. The impact of the dimensionless parameters, including the Brownian motion, thermophoresis, magnetic field, heat generation and absorption parameters, on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration of fluid flow are analysed systematically

• . Keywords: Brownian motion; heat generation and absorption; magnetic field; nanofluid; thermophoresis; Introduction The study of magnetohydrodynamic problems, such as nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet, has recently become relevant due to potential applications in various fields of science

A Josephson junction based on a highly disordered superconductor/low-resistivity normal metal bilayer

• Pavel M. Marychev and
• Denis Yu. Vodolazov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 858–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.71

• NbN/Al, NbN/Ag and MoN/Ag bilayers. Namely, the suppression of the critical temperature of the SN bilayer is smaller while the change in magnetic field penetration depth of the SN bilayer is larger than the Usadel model predicts. Therefore, the present results should be considered only as a route for

• Equation 12). SN-S-SN junctions made of a NbN/Al bilayer have been fabricated recently [26] and indications of the Josephson effect (the presence of Shapiro steps and a Fraunhofer-like dependence of the critical current on the magnetic field) have been observed. But due to not optimized parameters (dS = dc

Epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of thin-film PdFe/VN and VN/PdFe bilayers on MgO(001) substrates

• Wael M. Mohammed,
• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Airat G. Kiiamov,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 807–813, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.65

• . Saturation magnetization Ms(T) as a function of the temperature of the Pd0.96Fe0.04/VN (green symbols) and VN/Pd0.92Fe0.08 (red symbols) heterostructures measured in a magnetic field of 200 Oe. Temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of the VN film and the Pd0.96Fe0.04/VN and VN/Pd0.92Fe0.08

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• ) characterization and generation using ions, electrons or other irradiation methods, the observation of ensemble paramagnetic properties and their optically detected magnetic resonance by applying a high magnetic field until the isolation of single defects and eventually their optical spin coherent control. Weber

Observation of unexpected uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃ films by a BaTiO₃ overlayer in an artificial multiferroic bilayer

• John E. Ordóñez,
• Lorena Marín,
• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Pedro A. Algarabel,
• José A. Pardo,
• Roger Guzmán,
• Luis Morellón,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• María E. Gómez and
• Manuel R. Ibarra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 651–661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.51

• using the pulsed-laser deposition technique. We analyzed the films structurally through X-ray reciprocal space maps and high-angle annular dark field microscopy, and magnetically via thermal demagnetization curves and in-plane magnetization versus applied magnetic field loops at room temperature. Our

• geometric phase analysis (GPA) method on HAADF-STEM images. We magnetically analyzed samples by performing room-temperature polar plots of the remnant field, where we applied magnetic field on the plane of the sample along different directions. Results and Discussion Figure 1 displays RSMs taken around the

• each case. Figure 3 displays isothermal room temperature loops of the normalized magnetization (M(H)/Ms) as a function of the applied magnetic field for 27 nm thick LSMO films (plots to the left), and for BTO (140 nm)/LSMO (27 nm) bilayers (plots to the right) grown on STO (plots on the top), LSAT

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• efforts were also made to release the payload under the exposure of external (modern) triggers such as laser light, ultrasound, magnetic field, enzymatic deformation and mechanical deformation. In the latter cases, the capsules were irreversibly ruptured and released the loaded molecules either in a burst

Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag⁺: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549

• Dmitriy N. Shurpik,
• Denis A. Sevastyanov,
• Pavel V. Zelenikhin,
• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Yuriy N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 421–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.33

• echo (STE) bipolar gradient pulse pair (stebpgp1s) pulse sequence with 16 scans of 16 data points collected. The maximum gradient strength produced in the z direction was 5.35 G mm−1. The duration of the magnetic field pulse gradients (δ) was optimized for each diffusion time (Δ) in order to obtain a 2

High dynamic resistance elements based on a Josephson junction array

• Konstantin Yu. Arutyunov and
• Janne S. Lehtinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 417–420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.32

• necessary, a small magnetic field, up to 0.05 T, was applied using small superconducting coils wound directly on the sample holder cap. Results and Discussion The ultimate goal of this work is to study the quantum dynamics of the QPSJ, a system dual to JJ [3], including the observation of Coulomb blockade

• the SQUID-based approach requires application of a finite magnetic field. Given that the electromagnetic horizon of our QPSJ is of the order of ≈100 μm [23][24][25], the corresponding high-impedance current biasing circuit should be of appropriate (small) dimensions. Thus the area of the SQUID is

• small, and hence a magnetic field corresponding to Φ/Φ0 → π/2 can easily reach the ≈10 mT range. At such a magnetic field, two undesirable effects might happen both with the biasing superconducting leads and with the QPSJ. Namely, the formation of Abrikosov vortices and a noticeable suppression of the

Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field

• Levente Máthé and
• Ioan Grosu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 225–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.17

• value even at the Dirac point. The influence of the on-site Coulomb interaction and the magnetic field on the transport properties of the system shows a tendency similar to the previous results obtained for quantum dots connected to metallic electrodes. Most remarkably, we find that the Kondo resonance

• graphene-based quantum dot system provides a platform for potential applications of nanoelectronics. Furthermore, we also propose an experimental setup for performing measurements in order to verify our model. Keywords: graphene; Kondo effect; magnetic field; pseudogap Anderson model; quantum dot

• ][41][42][43][44][45] with the equation of motion (EOM) technique [46][47][48]. In our studies, a magnetic field is applied to the QD causing a Kondo resonance splitting, and a finite on-site Coulomb interaction (U) is considered resulting in a shift of the main QD energy level. Furthermore, an

Plasmonic nanosensor based on multiple independently tunable Fano resonances

• Lin Cheng,
• Zelong Wang,
• Xiaodong He and
• Pengfei Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2527–2537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.243

• , the transmittance is almost zero, which is in good agreement with the situation of the dip inset in Figure 2a. Figure 3c–g corresponds to peaks 1–5, respectively. Figure 3c illustrates that the magnetic field energy of peak1 at 1077 nm is mainly concentrated on stub1, stub2 and the middle part of the

• cavity1 (red solid line) in the structure. Transmission spectra of the structure with (red solid line) and without (blue dashed line) cavity3, and (b) the distribution of normalized magnetic field |Hz| at 1320 nm with only stub1 inserted into the bus waveguide. The |Hz| distribution of the total compound

• coupling distance t2 of cavity3 and (e) three specific values of θ. (f) The dependence of the transmission of peak5 on θ. Schematic diagram of cavity3 with different tilt angles θ, (a) θ = 0°, (b) θ = −20°. (c) The distribution of the magnetic field Hz at θ = −20°. (a) Transmission spectra for different

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• . The definitions of the geometrical parameters are provided, where E(x), H(y) and K(z) are the electric field, magnetic field, and direction of light propagation, respectively. The electric field intensity is 2.19 V/m, and the radius of the Ag nanoparticle is 100 nm, as computed in air as shown in

Self-assembly of a terbium(III) 1D coordination polymer on mica

• Quentin Evrard,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Felix Houard,
• Guillaume Calvez,
• Yan Suffren,
• Carole Daiguebonne,
• Olivier Guillou,
• Andrea Caneschi,
• Matteo Mannini and
• Kevin Bernot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2440–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.234

• sample is similar to that of crystalline bulk [Tb(hfac)3·2H2O]n. Namely, two maxima of X″ are observed, which however differently depend on the static magnetic field applied (Figure S3 and Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1) probably due to a partial loss of the magnetic anisotropy of TbIII upon

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• nanomaterials [1][2][3][4][5] to generate novel structures with tunable properties through external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, and magnetic field [6][7][8][9][10]. Among other nanomaterials, significant research effort has been dedicated to the use of nanotubes [1][2][3][4][6][7][11][12][13][14][15

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• isotopically pure SiC to δB ≈ 10nT/√Hz [51][52]. By increasing the photoemission collection efficiency (C) of the color centers and the number of emitters (N), as for example in micropillars, the magnetic field sensitivity can be dramatically improved to reach magnetic sensing resolution of δB ≈ 10nT/√(C·N·Hz

• attenuation of X-ray or coherent neutron scattering [23][24]. The DWF can be estimated as the ratio of the ZPL PL emission, compared to the total PL emission, which is the combination of the ZPL PL emission and the phonon-broadened PL. The ZFS refers to the lifting of degeneracy in the absence of a magnetic

• field. Unpaired electrons interact to give two or more energy states [25]. ODMR is a technique to optically pump the electron spin state of a crystal defect for spin initialization and readout [26]. There are over 200 polymorphs of SiC, and the most relevant are cubic SiC (3C) and hexagonal (4H and 6H

Dynamics of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in viscous liquids in rotating magnetic fields

• Nikolai A. Usov,
• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Vasiliy A. Bautin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2294–2303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.221

• .10.221 Abstract The dynamics of magnetic nanoparticles in a viscous liquid in a rotating magnetic field has been studied by means of numerical simulations and analytical calculations. In the magneto-dynamics approximation three different modes of motion of the unit magnetization vector and particle

• director are distinguished depending on frequency and amplitude of the rotating magnetic field. The specific absorption rate of a dilute assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in rotating magnetic field is calculated by solving the Landau–Lifshitz stochastic equation for the unit magnetization vector

• and the stochastic equation for the particle director. At elevated frequencies an optimal range of particle diameters is found where the specific absorption rate of an assembly in a rotating magnetic field has a maximum. It is shown that with an optimal choice of the particle sizes sufficiently large

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• expected health crisis [1]. However, the single modal drug delivery system is hampered by low bioavailability (about 5–10%), burst release, and lower target efficiency. Multifunctional theranostic nanoparticles that can respond to an external magnetic field for drug release and assist in bioimaging

• external magnetic field [18]. In the case of CuFe2O4 with x value between 0.08 and 0.15, a lower saturated magnetization value was observed (≤1.0 emu/g), while increasing the x value to 0.17 showed a high magnetization of 7.65 emu/g. In order to understand the cisplatin coordination environment of CuFe2O4

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• MRI as a medical technique, with the purpose of imaging soft body tissues and organs through the excitation of their atomic nuclei with high-frequency radio pulses and the measurement of the response in a strong magnetic field. Recent research has included using MRI for nanoscale imaging, enabling

• hyperpolarized. The large-sized particles were hyperpolarized at 25 mK using the brute force polarization method based on the application of a high magnetic field (4T) to increase the Boltzmann population difference in the nuclear spins. In this case, the spin system thermalizes (loses polarization) on

• detectable by conventional EPR methods. The procedure involves an AC RF magnetic field in resonance with the EPR spin frequency, driving the ND electron spin polarization which is then transferred to the interacting 1H nuclei in the water containing the ND. 1H nuclei resonance is then detected by using a

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• (De), and the apparent reaction rate constant Kapp for the samples prepared at 250 °C and for P25 TiO2. Textural parameters of all samples. Acknowledgements Part of this work was performed at the Steady High Magnetic Field Facilities, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CAS. This work was supported by

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• sensing of general external environments such as pH, humidity, pressure, and magnetic field is undoubtedly important. Spanu et al. reported sensitive pH sensors based on organic charge-modulated field-effect transistor structures with 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene [95]. The fabricated

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• polymers to create a nanocomposite system in which the outer polymer shell can be thermally activated by absorption of light or by a magnetic field [41][61]. By combining the optical properties of nanoshells and the thermo-responsive activity of hydrogel polymers, the present study seeks to develop a

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• nanoparticles, has been repeatedly emphasized, and the exact composition of the MNPs is usually determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) or Mössbauer spectroscopy with and without magnetic field [12][13][14]. In this work, we show other options for solving this problem using Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance

• . Another method that makes it possible to evaluate the magnetic structure of the sample is solid-state 57Fe NMR. This method avoids the use of ionizing radiation and allows data on the structure of the magnetic sample to be obtained under a magnetic field similar to that used in MRI. The purpose of this

• NMR spectra of 57Fe nuclei in uncoated and HSA-coated samples measured at zero external magnetic field at 4.2 K are shown in Figure 9. The spectra demonstrate a very broad intensity distribution in the range from approximately 62–76 MHz and contain two distinct peaks at 70.9 and 73.0 MHz and a broad