Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• microscope mapping to characterize the internal structure and local mechanical properties within Technora® fibers. We find a highly fibrillated structure that appears to connect with both the fiber’s molecular chemistry and full-fiber mechanical properties. In addition, through detailed comparisons with

• ; structure–property relationships; Technora®; Introduction High-performance polymer fibers have enabled groundbreaking advancements in numerous applications, from personal armor to tires to sports equipment, that aim to maximize mechanical performance while minimizing weight. The successes achieved with

• molecular chains rather than optimizing crystallites. This strategy aimed to explore new chemistries that could enhance multifunctional aspects of fibers without adversely affecting fiber mechanical properties. Indeed, in developing Technora®, Teijin Ltd. had four principal aims: to manufacture a (i) cost

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• highest photothermal conversion efficiency. In addition, these materials also possess high thermal and electrical conductivity, high aspect ratio, light weight, and high mechanical strength, because of which these materials are used for photothermal applications [36]. Polyhydroxylated fullerenes were

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for CO₂ storage: A review

• Ha Huu Do,
• Iqra Rabani and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 964–970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.79

• fabrication of MOF/graphene-based composites. Figure 5 was reproduced from [41], R. Kumar et al., “Remarkable Improvement in the Mechanical Properties and CO2 Uptake of MOFs Brought About by Covalent Linking to Graphene”, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., with permission from John Wiley and Sons. Copyright © 2016 WILEY

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• random forest algorithm and the AdaBoost algorithm for QSAR modeling using quantum mechanical descriptors. In contrast, the present study involved the random forest algorithm, the AdaBoost algorithm along with Gradient Boost and XGBoost algorithms using simple periodic table descriptors that are easy to

• -effective and have a clear and straightforward physical meaning, which facilitates the mechanical interpretation of the QSAR models. A direct comparison was not possible due to different dataset division and descriptors but the results obtained in the present work for the RF method was superior to that of

Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• microneedles are most often directly printed onto the medical device and aligned to specific features, such as pores, on the device. Direct microneedle printing has its own set of extensive requirements (e.g., biocompatibility of the material, mechanical robustness, and surface adhesion). Also, FDA’s 510(k

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• pest insects by reducing the frictional forces experienced when they walk on the leaves. This structure might also provide mechanical stability to the growing plant organs and has an impact on the wettability of the leaves. Using polymer replicas of adaxial leaf surfaces at various scales, the surface

• treatment on the elastic modulus of locust cuticle obtained by nanoindentation”, investigate the mechanical properties of the cuticle that builds the surface of insects and related groups of animals. The cuticle is one of the most abundant, but least studied biological composites. In their study, the

• authors use a nanoindentation technique to investigate the effect of freezing, desiccation, and rehydration on the elastic modulus of the hind tibial cuticle of locusts. All of the treatments significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the latter. Gorb et al. [7], in the paper “Hierachical

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• mechanical vibration signals into voltage signals, have become one of the primary materials for creating heart sound sensors [9]. Piezoelectric materials are essential components in heart sound auscultation equipment. When pressure is applied to piezoelectric materials, they generate a voltage, a phenomenon

• area (S), and the applied mechanical stress (ΔF) [35]: Under short-circuit conditions, the current can be expressed by Equation 3 [35]: To determine the piezoelectric coefficient of the piezoelectric film, a dynamic measurement method was utilized in this study. The piezoelectric film was exposed to

Control of morphology and crystallinity of CNTs in flame synthesis with one-dimensional reaction zone

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Ni Luh Wulan Septiani and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 741–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.61

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim Norikhwan Hamzah Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop Ni Luh Wulan Septiani Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin Department of Thermo-Fluids, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HiREF), Universiti Teknologi

• ; synthesis control; Introduction Carbon nanotubes have been a research topic for a few decades since their discovery by Iijima in 1991 [1]. The CNT structure enables remarkable mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. Studies of CNT syntheses using different methods yielding nanotubes with varying

• multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) with carboxyl functionalization [3]. The aerospace industry utilizes CNTs with high thermal, chemical, mechanical, and electrical performance as a nanocomposite additive to overcome problems in aircraft coatings, such as corrosion, ice accretion, lightning strike, and erosion

Cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy on III–V epitaxial multilayer stacks: challenges and perspectives

• Mattia da Lisca,
• José Alvarez,
• James P. Connolly,
• Nicolas Vaissiere,
• Karim Mekhazni,
• Jean Decobert and
• Jean-Paul Kleider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 725–737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.59

• + dc potential is applied, the KPFM tip scans across a surface. The ac signal is sinusoidal with a frequency that equals the mechanical resonance of the cantilever. The four-quadrant detector gives feedback in order to minimize cantilever oscillation modifying the dc signal providing the sample surface

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• qualitative description of the current-induced mechanical torque within a toy model framework. We consider a classical model of the molecular rotor where the molecule is modeled as a one-dimensional curve (“molecular wire”) that guides the flow of the charge carriers (see Figure 1 (left) for illustration

• , specifically the velocity–current characteristics and threshold currents. Our results can support the design of nanoscale mechanical devices. Model Model geometry (kinematics) Our classical model contains a particle (mass m) moving on a rigid path, which can rotate around an axis, see left part of Figure 1

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• transition from h-MoO3 to α-MoO3 Anisotropic thermal expansion and first-order phase transition The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is an important mechanical parameter for the application of MoO3 thin films, as it can increase the mismatch between thin films and the substrate, causing microdevices to

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• sensitive and fast responding nanowire-based gas sensors for the detection of CO, C2H5OH, H2S, and NO2 [10][11][12][13][14]. Unusually strong space-charge-limited currents observed in individual CuO nanowires [15] in combination with the mechanical strength [9][16] motivate their application as durable

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• extremely low densities (0.1–1 g·cm−3), the highest specific surface areas (165–7800 m2·g−1) currently known, tunable surface properties, good mechanical and thermal stability, intriguing and controllable morphologies, and uniform yet tunable pores that are created by the self-assembly of metal ions or

Suspension feeding in Copepoda (Crustacea) – a numerical model of setae acting in concert

• Alexander E. Filippov,
• Wencke Krings and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 603–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.50

• mechanical property gradients, the mechanical behavior and the adhesion of setae, and the feeding efficiency of the system. In this context, we set-up a simple dynamic numerical model that takes all of these parameters into account and describes the interaction with food particles and their delivery into the

• mouth opening. By altering the parameters, it was unraveled that the system performs best when the long and short setae have different mechanical properties and different degrees of adhesion since the long setae generate the feeding current and the short ones establish the contact with the particle

• field of filtration technologies. Keywords: adhesion; confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); feeding efficiency; feeding structures; mechanical properties; Introduction Particle capture mechanisms are common in a huge variety of aquatic animals, such as polychaetes, bryozoans, bivalves, sponges

Transferability of interatomic potentials for silicene

• Marcin Maździarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 574–585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.48

• single-layer silicon, polymorphs was examined. Structural and mechanical properties of flat, low-buckled, trigonal dumbbell, honeycomb dumbbell, and large honeycomb dumbbell silicene phases, were obtained using density functional theory and molecular statics calculations with Tersoff, MEAM, Stillinger

• –Weber, EDIP, ReaxFF, COMB, and machine-learning-based interatomic potentials. A quantitative systematic comparison and a discussion of the results obtained are reported. Keywords: 2D materials; DFT; force fields; interatomic potentials; mechanical properties; silicene; Introduction We are living in

• silicon to reproduce 2D silicon is poorly studied. There are several papers in which the quality of potentials for 3D silicon has been assessed [10][11][12], but not for silicene. The intention of this work is first to determine the structural and mechanical properties of 2D silicon using the first

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• properties of carbon nanostructured materials with the polymer’s distinguished mechanical properties. These composites are usually non-selective and can react to various ambient stimuli [20][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Among polymers, cellulose is the most abundant natural organic polymer on earth. It

• has resurfaced recently as a smart material because of its excellent thermal-mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and flexibility [22][23][30][31]. Composites based on carbon nanotubes or graphene and cellulose have been reported for, among other things, humidity and vapor

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• gel matrix. This behaviour is highly interesting, since it could be exploited in further studies where post-synthesis pseudohyphal growth of yeast cells can generate an intricate tridimensional network of living cells, providing higher mechanical stability and biological robustness, and even an

• biological viability (“gas release” as a measurement of active metabolism and “cell leakage” measuring the encapsulation strength). Physical-structural robustness focuses on the evolution of physical appearance and mechanical resistance of the bulk material with time. Macroscopic appearance corresponds to a

• brief description of the material aspect, while stability corresponds to the observed overall resistance of the material to mechanical strain. Biological viability focuses on the survival state of the encapsulated biological entities. Both yeast and cyanobacteria release gases as products of their

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• materials [5], offering an array of products with a wide range of properties such as improved mechanical strength and higher thermal conductivity. To accelerate the further development and adoption of GR2Ms, it is critical to develop reliable and standardized methods to characterize the materials being

Microneedle patches – the future of drug delivery and vaccination?

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 494–495, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.40

• Zahra Faraji Rad Philip D. Prewett Graham J. Davies School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom Oxacus Ltd, Dorchester

• originally developed for the microelectronics industry; they were inevitably made from silicon. Since then, silicon MNs have been largely abandoned in favour of polymer versions because of their superior mechanical properties, biocompatibility, ease of manufacture, and ultimate scalability [5][6]. Polymer

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• presence of both magnetic and mechanical degrees of freedom of the particles [17][22][23]. Meanwhile, in a biological environment, the rotation of magnetic nanoparticles as a whole under the action of ac magnetic field is strongly hindered [24], so that the spatial orientation of nanoparticles in

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• and Gong discuss the organization of gels [103]. Specifically, they outline a unique anisotropic hydrogel consisting of uniaxially aligned lamellar bilayers in an amorphous gel matrix. This gel organization exhibits a beautiful structural color that is sensitive to mechanical and chemical stimuli. The

• water impermeability of the bilayer membrane causes one-dimensional swelling and diffusion, and the hydrophobic aggregates act as sacrificial bonds to yield high mechanical strength and toughness during deformation. The abovementioned general examples could be involved in parts of nanoarchitectonics

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• different kinds of conductive carbon materials [14][15][16][17][18]. Recently, graphene (Gr)/graphene oxide (GO) has attracted the attention of many researchers due to its high surface area, significant chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, and high mechanical strength [12][19]. Combining a

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• [83]. Plasmonic nanobubbles (formed when the irradiation fluence exceeded a threshold value), although being excellent tunable scatterers themselves, did not result in thermal phenomena such as heating and only led to mechanical phenomena such as cavitation effects. Explosive boiling is of explicit

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• -called high-energy methods (also called work-based methods [5]), this energy is supplied by external mechanical means, such as in high-pressure homogenizers or from ultrasound devices, with high dissipation (mostly in the form of heat) and, therefore, low energy efficiencies. In contrast, the so-called

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• techniques have been developed to synthesise 3-D Bi-based nanostructures with different morphologies, including solvothermal/hydrothermal and sol–gel processes, mechanical exfoliation, solid-state reactions, chemical vapour deposition, and microwave-assisted techniques [106]. These 3-D photocatalysts have

• mechanical stability against photocorrosion; (c) high efficiency in quantum conversion; (d) fast generation and efficient transfer of photocarriers (e− and h+); and (e) slow recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. The nanopowder photocatalysts must also exhibit easy and rapid recovery from the