Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• ± 3.92 and 87.81 ± 1.60 to 21.26 ± 3.94, respectively (Figure 10c) at all tested doses. Free drug controls (DOX and MTX) showed significant cytotoxicity (p < 0.05) at the highest dose of 4 µM (Figure 10a). The obtained results suggested an increased selectivity of nanocarriers towards cancer cells as

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• usage [5][6][7]. The objectives in gas sensing research are usually set to enhance the sensitivity (how the sensor responds to small changes when the gas environment around it changes), selectivity (if a sensor can still respond to a particular gas when many gases present), stability (how the sensor

• response and better selectivity to NO2 at 65 °C. These sensing characteristics were attributed to the dendritic structure promoting diffusion and increasing the availability of adsorption sites. The structures were estimated to have a fractal dimension of 1.78. The results of these three studies show that

• (6 s), fast recovery time (7 s), and superior selectivity towards ethanol vapors at an optimum temperature of 250 °C. Figure 14g,h show the response curve, characteristic response, and recovery time for sensing 50 ppm of ethanol while operating at 250 °C. The porous dandelion-like structure enabled

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• administration is required and for regenerative medicine [9][10], although new applications are constantly being developed. Some of the main advantages of nanosized drug administration include an improved pharmacokinetic profile, higher selectivity towards tumor cells, and increased cellular and organelle

• respond to various external stimuli such as light [125], magnetic fields [126], ultrasound [127] and electric fields [128], or magnetic nanocarriers that respond to changes in pH by increasing the selectivity of the release site [129]. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). Magnetic nanoparticles contain molecules

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• ; oligonucleotides; porphyrin; silver nanoparticles; substrate modification; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with its advantages of extreme sensitivity, high selectivity, and non-destructive nature has demonstrated great potential for the quick

Recent progress in actuation technologies of micro/nanorobots

• Ke Xu and
• Bing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 756–765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.59

• promoting the research of neural networks and neural connectivity, offering reproducibility, selectivity, and precise connection. This provides a potential platform for advanced in vitro controllable models of artificial neural networks. With the research on single magnetic field-driven micro/nanorobots

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• (LPG) with high sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability [21]. The sensitivity of ZnSnO3/ZnO (1 h) NWs in 4000 ppm H2S, H2, ethanol, methanol, LPG, and saturated water vapor was measured. The sensitivity of ZnSnO3/ZnO NW for LPG is much higher than for other gases, as shown in Figure 5g

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• smart nanoscale drug delivery carriers with increased selectivity and multistage targeting capabilities has emerged. Common cancer signatures and the synthesis of ligands with high avidity for the overexpressed cancer cell receptors are a valuable addition to the general targeting concepts. Important

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• of resistance in n-type MOS and an increase of resistance in p-type MOS and vice versa [8]. MOS have certain advantages such as fast response time and excellent sensitivity towards all kinds of gases [11]. The major disadvantages of MOS are their poor selectivity and high operating temperatures of

Exploring the fabrication and transfer mechanism of metallic nanostructures on carbon nanomembranes via focused electron beam induced processing

• Christian Preischl,
• Linh Hoang Le,
• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Hubertus Marbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 319–329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.26

• substrate. Consequently, EBISA is feasible on a SAM of TPT molecules with Fe(CO)5 but fails on the same substrate with Co(CO)3NO. This type of chemical selectivity was reported before on other substrates such as SURMOFs [16][17]. In contrast, on thin layers of porphyrin molecules EBISA was successful with

• were studied as precursors. We could show that EBID is successful with both precursors, whereas EBISA only works with Fe(CO)5. This type of chemical selectivity was already reported in previous studies on SURMOFs [16][17]. For SAMs, we assume that the active species that leads to the dissociation of Fe

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• chemotherapeutic agents to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells due to nonspecific distribution and lack of selectivity results in severe toxic side effects for health [1][2]. Therefore, a variety of nanoscale delivery systems have been designed for the controlled release of chemotherapy drugs to decrease

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• applications. Surface treatment, for example, modifies the wetting behaviour of active fluids on composite materials or porous media to increase the efficiency and selectivity of catalytic processes [1]. Droplet-based microfluidics, including on-chip and off-chip incubation in immiscible phases, even developed

Ultrasensitive detection of cadmium ions using a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for groundwater

• Dinesh Rotake,
• Anand Darji and
• Nitin Kale

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1242–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.108

• -linked for selectivity. We have cross-linked the amine group with ᴅʟ-glyceraldehyde at pH 7 to obtain a free –OH group (a Lewis acid) for capturing Cd(II). The pKa value of 12.6 of ᴅʟ-glyceraldehyde yield a strong copmplex of the –OH group with cadmium [34] after blocking the –NH2 group of cysteamine

• change in piezoresistance was around 200–300 Ω for each microcantilever. These results show the selectivity of the proposed method for Cd(II) with respect to other HMIs. It is also evident that the microcantilever in channel 5 (Figure 4c) shows a non-linear response. The rationale behind this is that no

• selectivity for Cd(II) than for other heavy metals. The average value of change in piezoresistance of the Au-Cys-DL-GC-coated microcantilevers is approximately 130–240 Ω for Cd(II) and 5–30 Ω for the other injected heavy metals. The total value of the average change in piezoresistance for a concentration of

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

Key for crossing the BBB with nanoparticles: the rational design

• Sonia M. Lombardo,
• Marc Schneider,
• Akif E. Türeli and
• Nazende Günday Türeli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 866–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.72

• ). Unfortunately, most drugs cannot pass the BBB through physiological pathways due to the extreme selectivity of the barrier. This restricts systemic therapeutic treatments for most CNS diseases. Different strategies have been suggested to deliver drugs to the brain (Figure 2). First, drugs can be delivered to

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• offers an unprecedented sensitivity in native physiological media. Coupling these nanomaterial-based systems with enzymatic reactions can further increase the sensitivity and selectivity of a given sensor, leading to a scenario in which a tiny structural alteration of a biomolecule can be detected within

• nanoparticles of 13 nm. This method, however, had a rather low selectivity and could only differentiate DNA strands containing three or more mismatched bases. These examples are characterized by their simplicity requiring no expensive equipment or reagents. The detection of SNPs was achieved by mixing a DNA

• formation of DNA circuits and include hybridization chain reaction (HCR), catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and entropy-driven catalysis [64]. These mechanisms have shown a great potential for developing biosensors of high sensitivity and high selectivity since the target DNA itself is used as a catalyst to

Influence of the epitaxial composition on N-face GaN KOH etch kinetics determined by ICP-OES

• Markus Tautz,
• Maren T. Kuchenbrod,
• Joachim Hertkorn,
• Robert Weinberger,
• Martin Welzel,
• Arno Pfitzner and
• David Díaz Díaz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 41–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.4

• . However, SEM of samples etched for 50 min revealed that the second 2D–3D transition also led to a temporary etch stop layer, despite the dislocation density only decreasing from 1.4 × 108 cm−2 to 1.1 × 108 cm−2. Even though selectivity was low due to the wide z-amplitude of pyramidal morphology, some

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• the number of micropores, and thus of ORR active defect sites. Finally, considering the selectivity for the 4-electron reaction pathway to H2O, which is highly important for technical applications (Figure 8), we find that at potentials below 0.6 V the NCS-1000 catalyst, the best ORR catalyst in this

• , it is not only necessary to further improve the activity of nitrided carbon catalysts, but in particular also the selectivity for H2O formation. The trend of higher H2O2 yields at higher overpotentials furthermore clearly demonstrates that the slow increase of the measured current densities towards

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• response of the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO sensor to 0.8 ppm acetone was 1.50, and its response to 10 ppm acetone was 8.18, which is around 2.6 times more pronounced than the response of pure ZnFe2O4 (10 ppm, 3.20). Moreover, the sensor showed a wide linear range and good selectivity. Keywords: acetone

• field of gas sensing. It was reported that small, well-dispersed ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles showed a good selectivity to acetone at 200 °C, but the detection limit was only 5 ppm [15]. Porous ZnFe2O4 double-shell microspheres showed a response to acetone at 206 °C, which is mainly ascribed to their unique

• ZnFe2O4/rGO gas sensor with 0.5 wt % has a lower detection limit and shows an improved response. Furthermore, the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO gas sensor showed a better performance of acetone sensing at a lower temperature than any previously reported ZnFe2O4-based gas sensors (Table 1). The selectivity of gas

Evaluation of click chemistry microarrays for immunosensing of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

• Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Dadfar,
• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Vanessa Trouillet,
• Hui-Yu Liu,
• Ravi Kumar,
• Annie K. Powell and
• Michael Hirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2505–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.241

• –biotin sandwich strategy as well as the high selectivity of antigen–antibody interactions. Six different fabrication routes based on dibenzocyclooctyne- (DBCO-), thiol- and epoxy-functionalization of glasses and click chemistry attachment of biotinylated molecules (Figure 1) were used to obtain

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• -transform-limited linewidths, allowing for the exploitation of the spin selectivity of the optical transitions for spin–photon entanglement [33]. In addition to millisecond-long spin coherence times originating from the high-purity crystal, high-fidelity optical initialization and coherent spin control

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• sensitivity (up to 17 times), selectivity and improves the response dynamics of the sensors. Keywords: gold-decorated MWCNTs; multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); self-assembled monolayers (SAMs); sensitivity; selectivity; vapour sensor; Introduction Aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as

• therefore lead to the development of commercially affordable sensors [9][10][11]. However, they suffer from some limitations such as their poor selectivity, partial recovery and long response recovery time [12]. To overcome these issues, several strategies have been reported including, but not limited to

• , metal decoration or chemical functionalisation [13]. In the present work, we investigated the effect of gold nanoparticle decorated, multiwall carbon nanotubes functionalized with 1-hexadecanethiol on the sensor selectivity and sensitivity towards benzene and toluene vapours. Experimental Materials

The role of Ag⁺, Ca²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Al³⁺ adions in the SERS turn-on effect of anionic analytes

• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu,
• Loredana F. Leopold and
• Nicolae Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2338–2345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.224

• activation strategy greatly improves the selectivity of SERS enabling the detection of target analytes even from complex biological matrixes [13][14]. In this study, we show that the SERS spectra of organic acids such as uric, salicylic or fumaric acid, but also the SERS spectrum of the citrate anion capping

• improving the reliability of SERS detection for anionic target molecules and also for improving the selectivity of SERS detection. Results and Discussion SERS studies on anionic analytes are considerably fewer in the literature than studies on cationic molecules. The competitive adsorption of anionic

• organic acids on the silver surface are shown in the insets of Figure 2. SERS selectivity – competitive adsorption to the silver surface As the chemisorption of anionic species to the silver surface occurs competitively, anionic species with a higher affinity for the silver surface than citrate such as Cl

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• selectivity targeting cancer cells. Keywords: curcumin; mucoadhesion; oral squamous cell carcinoma; permeation; poloxamer 407; Introduction The development of nanostructured systems containing poloxamer 407 (P407) and Carbopol 974P® (C974P) have previously been shown to have rheological and mechanical

• incorporated into the formulation but decreased cytotoxic effects in healthy cells. Therefore, the nanostructured system demonstrated promising results due to the selectivity towards cancer cells in a monolayer cell culture in addition to exhibiting excellent physicochemical properties. Hence, further activity

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• polymer-based immunosensor [34][55]. This rather low value is expected for biosensors where the index n is characteristic of heterogeneous adsorption with polyclonal biomolecules that have many active sites with different degrees of affinity and selectivity. Application of the immunosensor in real samples