Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• .13.119 Abstract We analyze experimentally and theoretically mutual phase locking and electromagnetic interaction between two linear arrays with a large number of Josephson junctions. Arrays with different separation, either on the same chip or on two separate substrates are studied. We observe a large

• substrate with the thickness 0.38 mm. It contains three closely located straight strips with a separation of only 4 μm. Each strip has the length L = 5 mm and the width w = 14 μm and contains 332 JJs distributed uniformly along the strip. The junction area is 8 × 8 μm2. Contact electrodes are connected to

• significantly larger separation of 238 μm between the adjacent linear arrays. In total, it contains 17 similar lines with 380 JJs and a total length of L = 5.7 mm. The junction area is 6 × 6 μm2. Below, we will show data for the case when the rightmost “array-a” is biased with a variable dc current and the

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• variation in the structural morphology results in development of multiple active sites that ensure adsorption and effective charge transfer [10]. On the other hand, HBN has been utilised as a support material in the formation of heterojunctions owing to its large surface area and separation of charge

• . The mechanistic insights on the transfer and separation of charge carriers along with the photodegradation performance and reactive oxygen species (ROS) trapping have been enunciated in detail. The apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) further substantiated the potential of MBN to be used as a visible

• attributed to the unpaired electrons. The MBN-80 sample shows the highest EPR spin intensity, meaning greater concentration of unpaired electrons along with higher electron delocalization which are highly favourable towards enhanced separation and generation of charge carriers [26][27]. Additionally, surface

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• Effect, the capability to keep a stable air layer when submerged under water. Such air layers are of great importance, e.g., for drag reduction (passive air lubrication), antifouling, sensor applications or oil–water separation. Some biological models, e.g., the floating fern Salvinia or the backswimmer

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• environmental restoration and energy conversion is photocatalysis powered by solar light. Traditional photocatalysts have limited practical uses due to inadequate light absorption, charge separation, and unknown reaction mechanisms. Discovering new visible-light photocatalysts and investigating their

• thanks to the significant charge carrier dispersion provided by hybrid orbitals involving the Bi 6s orbital, as seen in Figure 2. Photoinduced electron–hole separation and charge carrier transfer in Bi-based materials are facilitated by a unique layered structure that creates an IEF. A magnetic field is

• pollutants such as tetracycline hydrochloride, bisphenol A (BPA), and RhB was used to measure the photocatalytic activity of the bismuth oxyiodides. The activity decreased in the sequence Bi4O5I2–Bi5O7I > Bi4O5I2 > BiOI, which is linked to charge separation efficiency and band structure. Engineered Bi

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• of tearing or generally damaging the nonwoven at separation from a target or a tool. As one can imagine, even small damages of the nonwoven during production could lead to severe problems in the application. Refinement and consequent application of the theoretical model described here might help to

• inter-line separation of Δ = 5 µm. The linear laser beam polarization was kept parallel to the scan direction. Immediately after laser processing, the samples were cleaned for 5 min in acetone in an ultrasonic bath and stored in a desiccator. Figure 10 indicates the presence of the LIPSS at the entire

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• . These are well-suited for the cleanup of small oil spills. Keywords: hot embossing; lotus effect; nanofur; nanopads; oil spill cleanup; oil water separation; roll-to-roll; R2R; superhydrophobicity; Introduction Self-cleaning surfaces utilizing the famous lotus effect have gained significant importance

• for commercial applications. Furthermore, we demonstrate the subsequent processing of the thin polymeric nanofur into an exemplary product, namely so-called nanopads. These are an aid for the efficient cleaning of oil spills due to the efficient oil–water separation ability of nanofur [23]. The

• hot-embossing machine [31]. (The videos in Supporting Information File 3 and Supporting Information File 4 show the capability of oil–water separation of nanofur.) Once contaminated with oil, the contact angle with water decreases to below 90°. This makes sense since the contact angle is now

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• industry, detection and separation of enantiomers are essential for their safe usage. With appropriate detectors and transduction signals, various analysis instruments and techniques have been used for chirality detection or chiral separation. They include circular dichroism (CD) [9], nuclear magnetic

• intensive attention in various applications and also show great potential for selective separation and sensing applications [55]. Through adjusting building blockings, sensing hosts of supermolecular structures with different channel sizes, shapes, and functional sites could be fabricated, which provides

• -butyldimethylsilyl)-β-cyclodextrin (Ac-β-CD). Combined with gas chromatography analysis, chiral separation factors could be estimated. Et-β-CD showed a more sensitive QCM response to R-limonene. It was also found that a higher chiral recognition factor was gained at the lowest limonene concentration due to more

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• control, and the abundant surface charges enable the charge separation of water molecules after the addition of moisture, which contributes to a more efficient generation of electric energy [1][2][34][35][36][37][38]. In 2003, Ghosh [22] reported that the fluid in single-walled carbon nanotubes can

• (Figure 10k–n). When being combined with optoelectronic devices, photo-excited carriers and moisture-induced charge separation promote each other. The open-circuit voltage of the MEG from the photoelectric effect is increased by more than 10%, and the short-circuit current is increased by 300% (Figure 10p

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• visible light region, including nonmetal and noble-metal doping, metal deposition, and formation of heterojunctions [21][22]. The construction of heterojunction structures has shown its effectiveness in improving photocatalytic performance by enhancing the separation of charge carriers and optimizing the

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• Bi2O3 and MIL101(Fe), respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the formation of a Z-scheme heterojunction between Bi2O3 and MIL101(Fe), which is conducive to the rapid separation of photogenerated carriers and the enhancement of photogenerated electron and hole redox capacity

• cavities, and excellent thermal stability [20][21]. These advantages make it appalling to adsorption [22], gaseous capture/separation [23], sensing [24], and drug release applications [25]. Moreover, some MOFs can be excited under UV or visible light and exhibit light harvesting properties due to ligand

• use carbon nanotubes or carbon quantum dots to modify MIL101(Fe) to enhance its conductivity and broaden its visible-light response [37][38]. Another strategy is to construct MIL101-based heterostructures with the aid of narrow-gap semiconductors to promote the separation and transfer of

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

• Dick Hartmann Douma,
• Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
• Alessio Lamperti,
• Stéphane Kenmoe,
• Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
• Alberto Debernardi and
• Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

• varying concentrations. Specifically, our model system consist of a supercell composed of a zirconia (ZrO2) matrix containing two nickel dopants (2Ni), which substitute two Zr atoms at a finite separation. We found the 2Ni atoms to be most stable in a ferromagnetic configuration in the absence of oxygen

• possible separation from the dopants. This is to minimize as much as possible the distortion of the Ni symmetry in zirconia due to the presence of vacancies. The two oxygen atoms to be removed successively for the construction of Ni-doped ZrO2 containing single and double vacancies are represented by green

• atoms and oxygen vacancies at varying concentrations. The zirconia matrix contains two nickel atoms substituting two zirconium atoms at a finite separation. In our model system, the concentration of nickel dopant atoms is equivalent to 6.25 atom %. We found the two nickel atoms to be most stable when

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

• Jason I. Kilpatrick,
• Emrullah Kargin and
• Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

• the performance of KPFM techniques in both air and water environments. To do this, we examine three performance criteria, namely minimum detectable CPD, minimum required bias, and SNR as a function of tip–sample separation, z, under the specified conditions as outlined in Table 2 in Appendix I

• . These metrics are examined for three cases: the first harmonic electrostatic response occurring off resonance, ωoff, where ωoff ≪ ω1, on ω1, and on ω2. For modes that include a mechanical excitation at amplitude Am of the lever, z is taken to be the mean tip–sample separation. First, we compare single

• of the ED modes at the minimum tip–sample separation, where z = Am, but is significantly worse at large separations. The values for ED on ω2 are slightly lower than ω1 but this corresponds with poorer values. Whilst ED is practical at z > 100 nm on the eigenmodes, HM modes are limited to operation

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• based on the model of hexagonal LaNiO3. As a result, the lattice constant and cell volume were slightly expanded. It was interesting to note that LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 revealed a relatively larger expansion, which had a higher cell volume, suggesting a better separation of photo-induced electron and hole pairs

• sol–gel solution could help the separation of LaFexNi1−xO3 crystals, leading to less particle aggregation. Moreover, the elemental analysis of the samples was also carried out using energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS). The Fe contents of the samples with different Fe/Ni atomic ratios were identified

• . LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 had a larger crystal diameter and higher specific surface, which improved the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the efficiency of the surface reaction. For comparison, the second-order kinetics analysis was also conducted for the samples prepared at pH 0 in Table 1. However, the R2

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• . The next step involves the separation of non-bound sequences from sequences that bound to the target for further real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The enriched pool of aptamers is exposed to the target again. Selection, separation, and amplification steps comprise one SELEX

• the target [17]. The CE separation efficiency allows for high-affinity aptamers to be obtained with only three to five rounds. Our present study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of CE-SELEX to obtain DNA aptamers for the ZIKV NS1 protein. In particular, the ZIKV60 aptamer (patent

• incubated with 80 pmol of the ZIKV NS1 protein in borate buffer (60 mM) for 30 min, 200 rpm, at 37 °C. An incubation solution sample was submitted to separation by CE using a neutral capillary on a P/ACE MDQ capillary electrophoresis system (Beckman Coulter Inc., Fullerton, CA). The capillary was first

Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE

• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 865–872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.77

• double-frequency system with slot antennas and CEBs for 75 and 105 GHz frequencies for the Cosmic Origins Explorer (COrE) mission has been investigated and a band separation was demonstrated [10]. Now this approach is getting further improvements with arrays of dipole antennas and a voltage-biased mode

• a bow-tie dipole antenna was calculated (Figure 5) with the DC bias lines connected to the central parts of the antennas. The frequency response of the receiving matrix with bow-tie antennas is shown in Figure 6. Rather good band separation is visible in spite of a certain cross-talk of the 210 GHz

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• “Ph2”) and from C60 (“a”–“e”) are labeled and their evolution is indicated with dotted lines. Scanning tunneling spectrum acquired at constant tip–surface separation (open feedback loop) on the C60/ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O system (black) and on the ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O surface (red). The black curves

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• determined. The curve obtained during the AFM experiment is based on the piezo movement. The piezo movement is larger than the indentation into the nanoparticle as the cantilever bends to the opposite direction. This effect is corrected by the so-called tip–sample separation, leading to the actual

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• visible light together with an accelerated separation and transfer of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs of the nanocomposites, which resulted in increased effective amounts of photogenerated carriers for the photocatalytic reactions. It was demonstrated that the photoinduced electrons dominated the

• activities than those of pure TiO2 and Bi2WO6. This is ascribed to the heterostructures built in between the two phases, leading to accelerated separation and transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes. Nevertheless, the effective formation of heterostructures in between the TiO2 and Bi2WO6 phases are

• the TiO2 and Bi2WO6 phases of the Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites, leading to higher separation and transfer efficiencies of the photoinduced electron−hole pairs. The optimal 70%−Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT photocatalyst achieves a removal percentage of 96.9% toward the reduction of Cr(VI) upon visible light

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• cascade centrifugation can be used as a common method for the separation of graphene particles by size, in the case of ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase exfoliated graphene. In this paper, we demonstrated that cascade centrifugation of electrochemically exfoliated graphene can be used in conjunction with

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• , ImageJ, IMOD, tomo3d, or Genfire). The proposed program was designed to work directly with electron tomograms reconstructed using Genfire [22]. Although Magn3t is technically capable to provide correct information regarding particle size distribution (with particle separation capabilities) for any 3D

• volume, the full power of the program is revealed for magnetic nanoparticulate systems. The results provided by Magn3t starting from a reconstructed data volume are obtained performing the following tasks: (i) data volume thresholding, (ii) particle separation and identification, (iii) shape evaluation

• greatly on the user experience and can be involved with success in the approach of more challenging situations. Particle separation and identification: A modified version of the priority-flood algorithm [24] has been used in order to distinguish particles that are in contact with each other. As a first

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• deformation [38][39]) the energy dissipation was mainly caused by cell adhesion, which was a certain separation between the approach and retraction curves (Figure 5c). The results showed a negative correlation between viscosity values and substrate stiffness in PC-3 cells: the higher the substrate stiffness

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• IODO-BEADS (pre-washed with PBS buffer, pH 7.4). After the separation of the IODO-BEADS, a solution of ascorbic acid (10 µL, 25 mg/mL in PBS buffer, pH 7.4) was added to the 125I-radiolabeled BSA, or 125I-radiolabeled AAT, and incubated for 30 min. Finally, the 125I-radiolabeled BSA, or 125I

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• /cathode peak potentials (EpOx1, EpRed1), peak-to-peak voltage separation (Epp), and anode/cathode peak current densities (JOx1, JRed1) were calculated and presented in Table 1. The Epp value for MoS2 CEs was slightly larger than that of Pt CE confirming their excellent electrocatalytic activity. The JRed1

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• column compartment. Data acquisition was performed via the LabSolutions LCGC software. The eluent was detected at 278 nm. Separation was carried out using a reversed-phase Interclone C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle ODS 100 Å size) (Phenomenex, California, USA) at 30 °C. The mobile phase had an

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• a higher adsorption of analyte molecules, increasing the EF from 106 (before) to 108 (after hydrogenation) [43]. The charge transfer effect was probably increased as well since the hydrogenation introduced lattice defects that could alter the energy band structure of ZnO, promoting charge separation

• well as the energy of the incident light [36]. Moreover, the substrates could be used after several recycling cycles and presented similar EFs as the fresh ones. Other methods for recycling the ZnO-based nanosubstrates include thermal treatment and magnetic separation. These benefits indicate that the