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Search for "thin films" in Full Text gives 456 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF3)4

  • Alexey Prosvetov,
  • Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
  • Gennady Sushko and
  • Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

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  • the whole simulated surface). The latter case is relevant for surface science experiments on irradiation of thin films of adsorbed precursor molecules. The yields of SE and BSE and the corresponding spatial distributions depend on the energy of the PE beam and the material of a substrate. These
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Published 13 Oct 2021

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

  • Muhammad Atif Sattar,
  • Najwa Al Bouzieh,
  • Maamar Benkraouda and
  • Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

Graphical Abstract
  • remarkably high value of ZT ≈ 2.6 at 773 K along the b axis has been reported, which is the world record so far [1][5]. Also, for the SnSe thin films and 2D sheets, the experimental ZT values were relatively low; the maximum value can only reach 0.28 at 675 K [67][68]. One recent study shows that the Gd
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Published 05 Oct 2021

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

  • Keshav Nagpal,
  • Erwan Rauwel,
  • Frédérique Ducroquet and
  • Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

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  • a wider choice of emission wavelengths compared to conventional lighting systems. Inorganic LED consist of inorganic semiconductor materials in the active region, for example thin films of GaAs that emit in the red to near-infrared (>700 nm) region [4]. Ga-based LED belong to the III–V group of
  • leverage over inorganic LED in display applications. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) consist of photoactive polymers, such as PPV and MEH-PPV that can be deposited as highly ordered crystalline thin films [15][16]. Despite several advantages, OLED have certain drawbacks, such as lower lifetime, high
  • a large scale. For this purpose, transparent conducting oxides (TCO), such as thin films of In2O3, SnO2, ZnO, and their mixtures have been extensively studied [30][31][32][33][34]. The most widely studied TCO is indium tin oxide (ITO), which possesses good physical properties, such as high optical
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Review
Published 24 Sep 2021

Molecular assemblies on surfaces: towards physical and electronic decoupling of organic molecules

  • Sabine Maier and
  • Meike Stöhr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 950–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.71

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  • the substituents of the pyrenes derivatives [87]. Metal oxide thin films on top of metal substrates are another interesting class of ultrathin interfacial layers to decouple organic molecules and to enable the study of their electronic properties without the contribution of the underlying metal
  • molecular conformation by planarizing the carbon backbone as well as the self-assembly. Hurdax et al. [89] suggested that work function measurements before and after the adsorption of molecules should give insight into the electronic and physical decoupling. It should be noted that metal oxide thin films
  • molecules from a semiconducting substrate is discussed for the example of both insulating CaF2 thin films on Si(111) [91] and hydrogen passivation of Ge(001) surfaces [92]. In the first case, three scenarios were compared: PTCDA on Si, on a thin CaF2, and on a thicker CaF2 layer. While isolated PTCDA
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Editorial
Published 23 Aug 2021

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

  • Olena M. Kapran,
  • Roman Morari,
  • Taras Golod,
  • Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
  • Vladimir Boian,
  • Andrei Prepelita,
  • Nikolay Klenov,
  • Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
  • Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

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  • argue that: (i) Vortices in thin films have a pancake structure (Pearl vortices) with a field perpendicular to the film. Therefore, vortex density depends on the magnetic induction Bz perpendicular to the film. Since the applied field in our experiment is parallel to the film, it does not contribute to
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Published 17 Aug 2021

9.1% efficient zinc oxide/silicon solar cells on a 50 μm thick Si absorber

  • Rafal Pietruszka,
  • Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
  • Monika Ozga,
  • Katarzyna Gwozdz,
  • Ewa Placzek-Popko and
  • Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 766–774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.60

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  • environmentally friendly solar cells are cells based on zinc oxide (ZnO). ZnO thin films can be obtained using many technologies, including molecular beam epitaxy, RF magnetron sputtering, pulsed laser deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and atomic layer deposition (ALD) [3]. ALD attracts the attention of many
  • during manufacture [5]. Moreover, thin films of zinc oxide, aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and/or gallium-doped ZnO (GZO) have been successfully used in organic [6], perovskite [7], and CIGS [8] solar cells. Thanks to excellent electrical and optical parameters of AZO and GZO, these films are
  • inexpensive alternatives for indium tin oxide (ITO) [9]. In this work, we used ALD to deposit zinc oxide nanoseeds, magnesium-doped zinc oxide (MZO) layers and aluminium-doped zinc oxide films. We thus continue our interest on photovoltaic structures based on thin films of ZnO. Recently, there have been
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Published 21 Jul 2021

Prediction of Co and Ru nanocluster morphology on 2D MoS2 from interaction energies

  • Cara-Lena Nies and
  • Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 704–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.56

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  • -quality, conformal thin films with low resistivity, to avoid many of the typical failure mechanisms such as electromigration [42][43]. This means that 3D migration of atoms (agglomeration) should be inhibited, while 2D growth (wetting) should be promoted. In contrast, in catalysis applications the ratio
  • clusters (n = 1–4) on a single ML of MoS2. Based on this understanding, alongside the magnitude of metal–substrate and metal–metal interactions we will be able to predict the morphology of Co and Ru thin films on 2D MoS2. We have previously studied 2D and 3D Cu clusters on TaN, where we determined that
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Published 14 Jul 2021

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

  • Alina V. Dvornichenko,
  • Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
  • Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

Graphical Abstract
  • islands during condensation from the gaseous phase. We will show that the elongated morphology of adsorbate islands remains stable if the electric field is turned off. Keywords: adsorptive systems; electromigration; numerical simulations; pattern formation; thin films; Introduction The processes of
  • the most common approaches for mathematical modeling of these processes is based on the reaction–diffusion models [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. This approach generally allows one to make certain recommendations for adjusting the technological conditions for growing thin films
  • with the experimental results discussed in [15][78]. Conclusion In this article we have studied the effects of electromigration on the morphology of growing thin films during condensation from the gaseous phase in the framework of numerical simulations. It is shown that an increase in the strength of
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Letter
Published 13 Jul 2021

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

  • Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

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  • electronic conduction properties of the material without needing to rely on thermal activation [37]. And finally in the category of electronic applications, a number of studies have used the HIM to direct-write Josephson tunnel junctions into thin films of high-transition-temperature superconductors. This
  • structures [45]. The performance of Josephson junctions in YBCO thin films fabricated using the HIM has been further evaluated in [46]. Cross-sectional STEM analysis of helium line irradiations of YBCO has shown that the crystallinity of the Josephson junction barriers is essentially preserved, highlighting
  • PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films at doses of 0.22 × 1015 to 1 × 1015 ions/cm2 has been demonstrated, and through site-selective direct-write patterning with variable dose, various nanostructures with novel ferroelectric-switching functionalities have been fabricated [33] (Figure 2f). Using similar doses, out-of-plane
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Published 02 Jul 2021

Local stiffness and work function variations of hexagonal boron nitride on Cu(111)

  • Abhishek Grewal,
  • Yuqi Wang,
  • Matthias Münks,
  • Klaus Kern and
  • Markus Ternes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 559–565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.46

Graphical Abstract
  • - and few-layer thick graphene films [1][2]. Unique properties, such as high thermal stability and conductivity, immense intra-sheet stiffness, and excellent dielectric properties, make h-BN interesting for technological applications. For example, thin films of h-BN have been used as a passivating layer
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Published 17 Jun 2021

Interface interaction of transition metal phthalocyanines with strontium titanate (100)

  • Reimer Karstens,
  • Thomas Chassé and
  • Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 485–496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.39

Graphical Abstract
  • be driven by the ionization potential difference between substrate and adsorbate. In addition, fluorination may affect significantly the adsorption geometry on surfaces as well as the single-crystal structure and arrangement in thin films [34][35][36][37]. Furthermore, local chemical interactions
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Published 21 May 2021

Spontaneous shape transition of MnxGe1−x islands to long nanowires

  • S. Javad Rezvani,
  • Luc Favre,
  • Gabriele Giuli,
  • Yiming Wubulikasimu,
  • Isabelle Berbezier,
  • Augusto Marcelli,
  • Luca Boarino and
  • Nicola Pinto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 366–374, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.30

Graphical Abstract
  • electron beam. Results and Discussion High-temperature annealing of the evaporated Mn thin films on Ge(111) results in a significant change of the film morphology with the appearance of nanostructures onto the surface. The features of the structures are related to the Mn layer thickness and the duration of
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Published 28 Apr 2021

Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films

  • Petronela Prepelita,
  • Florin Garoi and
  • Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 354–365, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.29

Graphical Abstract
  • dioxide (SiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on quartz substrates was investigated. The deposition conditions were optimized to achieve stoichiometric thin films. The orientation of crystallites, structure, and composition were investigated by X-ray
  • calculated from the absorption spectra. The influence of thickness on the structural and optical properties of the oxide films was investigated. Good optical quality and performance were noticed, which makes these thin films worthy of integration into metamaterial structures. Keywords: magnetron sputtering
  • ; optical quality; SiO2 and ZnO; structural properties; thin films; Introduction The application of oxide thin films is quite diverse due to their excellent properties [1][2][3][4][5], such as dielectric properties [6][7][8] for the production of metamaterials [9]. Metamaterials applied in the field of
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Published 19 Apr 2021

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

  • Victor Deinhart,
  • Lisa-Marie Kern,
  • Jan N. Kirchhof,
  • Sabrina Juergensen,
  • Joris Sturm,
  • Enno Krauss,
  • Thorsten Feichtner,
  • Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
  • Michael Schneider,
  • Dieter Engel,
  • Bastian Pfau,
  • Bert Hecht,
  • Kirill I. Bolotin,
  • Stephanie Reich and
  • Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

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  • features in the single-digit nanometer range where small sputter rates play a minor role. This holds true not only for monolayer 2D materials, such as graphene, but also for thin films forming quasi 2D geometries. The versatility of the corresponding materials opens a wide field of exciting applications
  • are available in the git repository of the FIB-o-mat package [18]. 1 Magnetic patterning of Co/Pt multilayer films Used FIB-o-mat features: high-level beam path generation with automation via stage control. Magnetic thin films and multilayers are of great technological interest as platforms for spin
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Published 06 Apr 2021

Scanning transmission helium ion microscopy on carbon nanomembranes

  • Daniel Emmrich,
  • Annalena Wolff,
  • Nikolaus Meyerbröker,
  • Jörg K. N. Lindner,
  • André Beyer and
  • Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 222–231, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.18

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  • microscopy (EFTEM) data, both being established techniques for the thickness measurement of thin films. All three presented methods, STIM, XPS, and EFTEM, require an assumption about density and composition of the material in order to calculate absolute thicknesses, so graphite was chosen as a well
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Published 26 Feb 2021

Determination of elastic moduli of elastic–plastic microspherical materials using nanoindentation simulation without mechanical polishing

  • Hongzhou Li and
  • Jialian Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 213–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.17

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  • characterization of the mechanical behavior of filaments [1], thin films [2], microplastics, coatings, powders, small crystals, and other materials at small scales. One of the great advantages of the technique is that many mechanical properties of materials can be determined from the analysis of indentation load
  • finite element method [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Using finite element simulation, Li et al. found that both loading curve and unloading curve at any depth can be generated from one indentation depth by scaling P ∝ h2 for the indentation tests of PMMA thin films with a Berkovich
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Published 19 Feb 2021

TiOx/Pt3Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

  • Marco Moors,
  • Yun An,
  • Agnieszka Kuc and
  • Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

Graphical Abstract
  • structures with a low influence of molecular electronic features. Thus, annealing a surface covered with W3O9 may also be used as a gentle way to grow well-defined WO3 islands or thin films. In that context, the observed thickness limitation of two WO3 unit cells could be of special interest since the height
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Published 16 Feb 2021

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

  • Sina Kaabipour and
  • Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

Graphical Abstract
  • [143][231]. In most cases, AgNPs are synthesized in metal oxide thin films such as TiO2, SiO2, and ZrO2 where the average particle size is almost 10 nm when the heating temperature is 600 °C in the case of SiO2 thin films, and 500 °C in the case of TiO2 and ZrO2 [231]. Arun Kumar et al. [145
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Published 25 Jan 2021

Atomic layer deposited films of Al2O3 on fluorine-doped tin oxide electrodes: stability and barrier properties

  • Hana Krýsová,
  • Michael Neumann-Spallart,
  • Hana Tarábková,
  • Pavel Janda,
  • Ladislav Kavan and
  • Josef Krýsa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 24–34, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.2

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  • ; Introduction Surface coverage by thin films for the improvement of mechanical, optical, and electrochemical properties of solid surfaces is of great technological importance. In this context, corrosion, which is an electrochemical process, is the main concern. In an oxidizing and humid atmosphere
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Published 05 Jan 2021

Absorption and photoconductivity spectra of amorphous multilayer structures

  • Oxana Iaseniuc and
  • Mihail Iovu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1757–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.158

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  • thin films are of special interest. For thermally deposited amorphous films, the structure of which exhibits a higher level of disorder than that of the bulk glasses, the incorporation of impurity atoms is easier, and in many cases the metal additives could become electrically active. The influence of
  • Sn impurities on stationary and transient photoconductivity was demonstrated for amorphous As2Se3Snx thin films [5]. The introduction of Sn in the host material increases the drift mobility and the photosensitivity of the amorphous material. According to 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of the
  • , respectively. Recently, experimental results of steady-state and transient photocurrents of amorphous GexAsxSe1−2x and (As4S3Se3)1−xSnx thin films were presented [7][8]. It was established that the predominant mechanisms of recombination of the photo-excited carriers in the investigated amorphous materials are
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Published 20 Nov 2020

Application of contact-resonance AFM methods to polymer samples

  • Sebastian Friedrich and
  • Brunero Cappella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1714–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.154

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  • modes including scanning under continuous contact wear and damage the sample and/or alter the surface roughness, the results of point CR measurements on bulk and thin films are presented. Though Young’s moduli of bulk polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) could be determined through the presented
  • structure, tip mass, plastic deformations, viscoelastic behavior, adhesion, lateral forces, and damping increases significantly the number of free parameters, so that the practical use of such complex models is very limited. The dependence of γ on the sample is a severe limitation for measurements on thin
  • films of very compliant polymers (E < 1 GPa), the mechanical properties of which are determined by the mechanical properties of the polymer at small indentations and by the mechanical properties of the substrate at large indentations. The same limitation holds for measurements on very compliant polymers
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Published 12 Nov 2020

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

  • Serguei Chiriaev,
  • Luciana Tavares,
  • Vadzim Adashkevich,
  • Arkadiusz J. Goszczak and
  • Horst-Günter Rubahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1693–1703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.151

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  • Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, Sønderborg, 6400, Denmark 10.3762/bjnano.11.151 Abstract This work explores a new technique for the out-of-plane patterning of metal thin films prefabricated on the surface of a polymer substrate. This technique is based on an ion-beam-induced material modification in the bulk
  • of the polymer. Effects of subsurface and surface processes on the surface morphology have been studied for three polymer materials: poly(methyl methacrylate), polycarbonate, and polydimethylsiloxane, by using focused ion beam irradiation with He+, Ne+, and Ga+. Thin films of a Pt60Pd40 alloy and of
  • pristine Au were used to compare the patterning of thin films with different microstructures. We show that the height of Pt60Pd40 thin films deposited onto poly(methyl methacrylate) and polycarbonate substrates can be patterned by He+ ion beams with ultrahigh precision (nanometers) while preserving in
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Published 06 Nov 2020

PTCDA adsorption on CaF2 thin films

  • Philipp Rahe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1615–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.144

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  • functionality. Here, the molecular properties of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) adsorbed on insulating CaF2 thin films that were grown on Si(111) surfaces are studied. Scanning tunnelling microscopy is used to compare the properties of PTCDA molecules adsorbed on a partly CaF1-covered Si
  • of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) on metal [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], semiconductor [13], and insulator surfaces [14][15][16][17][18][19], as well as the deposition on conducting surfaces covered by insulating thin films [20][21][22][23][24] or two-dimensional materials [25]. It
  • is also noteworthy that PTCDA on bulk NaCl(001) surfaces shows long-range order with a dewetting transition at a certain coverage [18], while experiments using NaCl thin films on Cu(111) revealed an absence of long-range order with molecules rather bound to step edges [22]. Explanations for this
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Published 26 Oct 2020

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

  • Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
  • Said A. Mansour,
  • Mujaheed Pasha,
  • Atef Zekri,
  • Janarthanan Ponraj,
  • Akshath Shetty and
  • Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

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  • Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Texas A & M University-Kingsville, TX 78363, USA 10.3762/bjnano.11.143 Abstract The oxidation of Au/Ag alloy thin films using radio-frequency oxygen plasma was studied in this work. It was demonstrated that there is a phase separation occurring between
  • : metal alloys; nanoporous; oxygen plasma; silver; thin films; Introduction Silver corrosion upon exposure to atomic oxygen is a phenomenon that was highly studied in the 1980s. At that time, the main aim was to avoid the degradation of silver interconnects and switches used in satellites navigating in
  • Lewis et al. [20]. However, instead of using nanostructures as before, we used Au/Ag alloy thin films deposited by co-sputtering as the model system to study the oxidation process triggered by radio-frequency oxygen plasma (Figure 1). The oxidation and phase separation processes resulted in the
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Published 22 Oct 2020

Walking energy harvesting and self-powered tracking system based on triboelectric nanogenerators

  • Mingliang Yao,
  • Guangzhong Xie,
  • Qichen Gong and
  • Yuanjie Su

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1590–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.141

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  • Mingliang Yao Guangzhong Xie Qichen Gong Yuanjie Su State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, PR China 10.3762/bjnano.11.141 Abstract Due
  • triboelectric nanogenerator (u-TENG) was proposed and fabricated to scavenge the walking energy from areas with a high pedestrian flow. The as-prepared u-TENG is composed of two copper-coated nanostructured poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) thin films as the back electrodes and an elastic undulated electrode in
  • , nanostructured PTFE thin films coated with copper foils (back electrodes), and an elastic undulated electrode in between. The internal wave-shaped electrode is obtained by depositing copper layers onto both sides of the wave-shaped Kapton film, as displayed in Figure 1a. Due to their huge difference in electron
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Published 20 Oct 2020
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