The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• , making them multifunctional electronic and optical materials for applications in ion batteries [3][4], lubricants [5], gas detectors [6][7], photochromism [8][9], photocatalysis [10][11], and superconductors [12][13]. The molybdenum oxide MoO3 can crystalize into several structures, including α-MoO3 [14

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• chemisorption and physisorption at the nanowire interface, which suppress electronic transport inside the p-type semiconductor nanowire but enhance ionic transport in the water layers adsorbed on the nanowire surface. Possible physicochemical processes at the nanowire surface are discussed in line with

• explained by parallel contributions to the net electrical signal from different conduction paths, for example, electronic and ionic transport inside the material and on the surface [29]. First, the conduction at very low RH is presumed to be primarily due to electronic transport inside the material. The CuO

• with the adsorbed oxygen and Cu sites on the surface also neutralize holes: [30]. Hence, the impedance can increase with increasing RH (up to about 50% in our system) because of the affected electronic transport inside the material. Simultaneously, as the hydroxy groups begin to form clusters on the

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• , environmental, food safety, and health analyses. They have exceptional physico-chemical and opto-electronic properties, a high surface area-to-volume ratio, and their surfaces are easy to functionalize. Additionally, compared to their bulk counterparts, nanomaterials are particularly sensitive to changes in

• ), impurity-induced defects, or it may exist in pure crystals or molecules. According to the manner of the substance excitation, several distinct forms of luminescence are differentiated, as shown in Figure 6. A molecule, nanostructure, or atom must be able to absorb light radiation, resulting in electronic

• fluorophore by a spacer, PCT sensors typically feature an integrated receptor and fluorophore [46]. Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT): When the fluorophore contains both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups, ICT, an electron transfer process, takes place. In contrast to PET, the electronic

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• gas production has been detected for the samples from series “b”, whereas the CO2 evolution was observed for all samples from series “a”. Keywords: ethanol; H2 production; laser pyrolysis; photocatalyst; TiO2 nanoparticles; Introduction Semiconductor materials are widely used, from electronic

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• mm). The excellent properties of the materials suggest great prospect as electromagnetic absorbers. Keywords: carbon; dielectric; electromagnetic absorption; SiC nanowires; ZnO; Introduction With increasing functionality of electronic devices, the widening of the working frequency bands, and the

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• levels, similar to the quantization of electronic states in quantum dots. Each quantized BIC mode has its specific bulk mode profile and radiation pattern. Combining a photonic bandgap perimeter with the finite-size BIC cavity could significantly prevent transverse leakage, thus giving rise to ultrahigh

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• rapid, inexpensive, and robust liquid analysis and identification. Keywords: carbon nanotube; electronic tongue; fibrillated cellulose; liquid sensor; Introduction The development of a new generation of smart sensors that allow for the monitoring of industrial processes in real time and for wearable

• and flexible devices are paradigms of the current “Industry 4.0”. One can envision applications such as multicomponent liquid and gas sensors, wearables for healthcare, paper-based sensors, and electronic solutions for smart city applications [1][2][3][4][5]. Another area of increasing demand is the

• fluorescence spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). These techniques are complex, expensive, and require experts to carry them out. Also, they often require several pretreatment steps with high-cost materials [10][11]. Electronic tongues are a category of liquid sensors that

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• . For example, information on flake size, extent of structural defects, chemical or electronic doping, and strain and layer number can all be extracted from one spectrum [13][14][15][16][17][18]. As such, Raman spectroscopy is widely used by producers to assess the quality of their material, in

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• characteristic Fe3+ satellites at higher binding energies (shifted by ca. 9 eV from Fe 2p3/2) [27], similar to that reported in [28]. Electronic spectroscopy In the UV–vis absorption spectrum of sample 1 (Figure 5a), the prominent band with a maximum centered at 588 nm can be attributed to the 4A2→4T2 transition

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• electricity, chemical energy, and heat through photovoltaic, photochemical, and photothermal processes, respectively. Even though electricity can be converted into thermal energy, it is less efficient than the direct photothermal process. Photothermal effects are produced by electronic excitation and

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• solid substrate could be a key technology for building nanoscale electronic circuits. Nakayama and co-workers have succeeded in controlling the self-assembly and intermolecular chemical reactions of functional molecular components predeposited on a solid surface [112]. Specifically, they fabricated

• expected to pave the way for further functional nanostructures. In organic molecules and materials, the electronic structure and physical properties can be modified by replacing carbon with silicon. For example, silicon-substituted graphene-based materials exhibit exotic properties. However, it is

• various low-dimensional nanostructures will be synthesized by this on-surface synthetic nanoarchitectonics. The bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons on surfaces has attracted much attention due to their high electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. Sakaguchi and co-workers have synthesized

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• state in which the local sp2 bonding is influenced mainly by oxygen functionalization [32][33]. The position of the peak and the intensity of the spectra differ for NiFe-GO and CoNiFe-GO, indicating different electronic structures and interactions around Ni, Fe, Co, and GO. Figure 3e presents the XRD

• , Eonset: 1.34 V). Thus, the presence of both nickel in the oxidation state 3+ and the LDH structure results in a more efficient OER reaction. XAS analysis indicated the change in the electronic structure of the catalysts after the addition of GO (Figure 3). The analysis showed that the electronic

• structure around nickel and iron was changed, which may be associated with interactions between NiFe or CoNiFe and GO (carbon domains). Something similar was observed in the case of the addition of N-doped nanocarbon to NiFe [16]. To summarize, the disturbed morphology and the change in the electronic

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• electronic, translation, vibration, and rotational transitions. The interaction time period of electromagnetic radiation with electrons is around 10−14 to 10−15 s. SPR falls within the regime of electronic transitions and, generally, electronic transitions can be interband as well as intraband transitions

• curvature [35]. Finally, changes to the material composition, such as through doping or vacancy processing, can affect the LSPR because of changes in the free electron density, the electron effective mass, and the electronic band structure in general [36][37]. An understanding of the changes in absorbance

• ultimate conversion of electron scattering into heat. The energy distribution of hot carriers (which decides the relaxation times) depends on the electronic band structure [78], particle size, density of states, and the geometry of nanoparticles [79]. Figure 12 shows the vast differences in the population

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• plasmonic and photocatalytic properties. The typical and most recently applied bismuth-based nanostructure photocatalysts are depicted in Figure 2. Structural, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties Bismuth's peculiar optical, electronic, and more recently discovered photocatalytic and plasmonic properties

• important for electronic transport and semimetal-to-semiconductor transition, as well as its highly anisotropic Fermi surface (with an electron and hole Fermi energies of 27.2 and 10.8 meV, respectively), which results in an extremely low carrier density of around 3 × 1017 cm−3 [78] and very little overlap

• visible in Bi nanowires with a diameter of around 1–3 nm, but as the diameter increased, they became less visible because of the intense quantum confinement effect. In addition to the electronic properties of Bi, its outstanding optical properties have a big impact on how effective it is as a

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• (QDs) of nanometer scale, the CQD edges influence the electronic structure of the conjugated sp2 domains [35][36]. Figure 2 shows FTIR, UV–vis and PL spectra of CQDs/PU composite samples. It is obvious from Figure 2a that there are some additional peaks in the CQDs/PU FTIR spectrum compared to that of

Batch preparation of nanofibers containing nanoparticles by an electrospinning device with multiple air inlets

• Dong Wei,
• Chengwei Ye,
• Adnan Ahmed and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 141–150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.15

• purification. Preparation of spinning solution Firstly, 4.5 g PAN and 44 g DMF solution were weighed separately by an electronic balance (XJ120A, Shanghai Precisa Co., LTD), mixed and placed on an unheated magnetic stirrer (HJ-6A, Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., LTD.) for stirring for 24 h. Then 1.5 g ZnO

• using an electronic balance (XJ120A, Precisa LTD.). The nanofiber morphology was investigated by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S4800, Hitachi LTD.), and Image J software (National Institute of Mental Health) was used to characterize the fiber diameter distribution by random selection of

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• underneath and its ability to interact with electronic circuits [22]. The performance of the active element can be characterised in terms of modulation localisation and depth. Localisation addresses how confined the active control is at the nanoscale, while modulation depth is an indicator of how well the

Frontiers of nanoelectronics: intrinsic Josephson effect and prospects of superconducting spintronics

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Horst Hahn and
• Vladimir Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 79–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.9

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko Horst Hahn Vladimir Krasnov Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies of the Technical University of Moldova, Academiei 3/3, Chisinau 2028, Moldova I.S. Turgenev Orel State University, Komsomolskaya str. 95, 302026, Orel, Russia Institute of Nanotechnology

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• purchased from Echo Chemical (Taipei, Taiwan). Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Iron nitrate and thiourea were purchased from Showa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Positive photoresist AZ6112 was purchased from AZ Electronic Materials Taiwan Co

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• named after I.S. Turgenev, Komsomolskaya Str. 95, 302026, Orel, Russia Nanotechnology and Microsystems Department, Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Studencheskaya 7, Izhevsk 426069, Russia Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies of Technical University of Moldova

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• Verwey transition, estimated at 119 K) consists of one-third of Fe3+ parts and two-thirds of Fe2.5+ species according to its expected electronic and stoichiometric structure. The Mössbauer spectra of the TMO-І nanoparticle sample at 300 and 77 K are shown in Figure 6. At 300 K, a broadened single line

• an accelerating voltage of 200 kV was applied. The electronic diffraction patterns were obtained using the SAED technique. The XRD diffraction patterns were collected using a PANalytical MPD-PRO diffractometer equipped with a linear X’celerator detector and a Co Kα lamp as a source of radiation

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• gas (2DEG). We investigated mixed islands of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) to study the change in the electronic state with the addition of an electron donor. We no longer observe a 2DEG state and instead identify states at 0.46 and 0.79 V. While one state appears in dI/dV images as an array

• include a metal–organic interface. At this interface, it is important to be able to modify the band structure to optimize the efficiency of a device [1]. One of the most successful methods to change the electronic structure of a molecular semiconductor device is to add a second molecular species either at

• spectroscopy experiments [6][7][8], and has been studied with density functional theory (DFT) [9][10]. Previous work [11] has used dI/dV spectroscopy as a measurement of the density of electronic states [12] and identified this interface state starting at 0.6 eV. One characteristic of a two-dimensional

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• properties [3][4][5]. Moreover, as-synthesized SWCNTs typically possess a wide range of diameters and chiralities, leading to an inhomogeneous distribution of optical and electronic properties [5]. Nevertheless, most SWCNT applications, including thin-film electronics, require individual constituent parts

• electronic structure of nanotubes. To gain insights into the correlation between SWCNT diameter and the adsorption of riboflavin, we performed single-step chirality enrichment of SWCNT dispersions with various diameter distributions: CoMoCat SWCNTs with a mean diameter 0.81 nm [24] and Tuball nanotubes with

Utilizing the surface potential of a solid electrolyte region as the potential reference in Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Nobuyuki Ishida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1558–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.129

• contact potential difference (CPD) between a tip and the sample. It has been used to evaluate a wide range of electronic and ionic devices [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The CPD is quantified by applying a regulated DC voltage, relative to an electrical ground, to the tip or the sample, to minimize the

• electrostatic force acting between the tip and sample [3]. CPD measurements relative to ground are not particularly problematic when analyzing KPFM data obtained from electronic devices [7][10][11][12] because the electrode potential relative to ground determines working conditions of the devices. In contrast

• to the electronic conduction. Importantly, even when we waited longer (more than 1 h), no apparent changes were observed in the potential distributions measured by the KPFM. This suggests that the KPFM measurements were performed under nearly equilibrium conditions. To extract the changes in the

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• conditions, PDP is a wide-gap dielectric material and is characterized by the following parameters: band gap ≈4.3 eV, electronic work function ≈4.2 eV, electron affinity ≈2 eV, first ionization potential ≈6.2 eV. Experimental evaluations of the electronic parameters of PDP have been made earlier by various

• characterized by non-zero density of electronic states within the energy gap. The depth of such states increases if the system accepts an extra electron (Figure 1b), thus indirectly enabling electric conductivity along the polymer chain [11]. Later the validity of this model was supported experimentally and

• the effect of electronic switching to a highly conductive state can be observed (Figure 3f). Such a bi-stable switching is often used in practice to create non-volatile memory elements. Presented in Figure 3 I–V characteristics do not contradict the presented above model considerations. In this regard