Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• .13.119 Abstract We analyze experimentally and theoretically mutual phase locking and electromagnetic interaction between two linear arrays with a large number of Josephson junctions. Arrays with different separation, either on the same chip or on two separate substrates are studied. We observe a large

• exceed the factor of two expected for a simple constructive interference of two oscillators. The larger gain is explained by an additional consequence of mutual interaction between two large arrays. Mutual phase locking of large arrays does not only result in constructive interference outside the arrays

• generates the two-dimensional resonant mode that should lead to the increased output power. Therefore, along with the interaction between individual JJs, there is also a mutual coupling between different arrays (including JJs and electrodes) [14]. In the ideal case of two perfectly phase-locked arrays with

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• interaction between Au-LNPs and BDP. No obvious change of the zeta potentials of AB-LNPs was found in two different media after 7 days (Figure 3b), suggesting that AB-LNPs maintained the nanoparticle structure in PBS and RPMI-1640 + 10% FBS for 7 days. Drug release properties of AB-LNPs To investigate whether

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• Figure 8d. It can be found that the sensitivity of both modes decreases with the increase in h. This is because an increase in h increases light trapping inside the cavity, decreasing light–matter interaction and sensitivity. On the contrary, the FOM values of the two modes do not have the same trend

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• -PLGA NPs had positive surface charge with CS coating. The formulations have the potential to deliver the encapsulated drug to the bowel according to the in vitro release studies in three different simulated GIT fluids for approximately 72 h. Mucin interaction and penetration into the artificial mucus

• colonic microflora. It has been reported that nanoparticles prepared with polymers such as chitosan, whose surface charge is positive, remain longer in the mucus due to electrostatic interaction with the negative charge of the aqueous mucin layer [15][29][30][31]. Docetaxel (DCX) is obtained semi

• into the nanoparticles as a model anticancer agent. CS coating was used to impart positive surface charge to negatively charged PLGA nanoparticles and to increase their interaction in the intestinal lumen. To date, an orally applicable and effective treatment approach to colon tumors has not been

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• HBN and MBN-80 were determined to be −1.66 V and −1.52 V, respectively. The respective potentials vs Ag/AgCl were converted to NHE. The CBMBN shifted to a lower edge potential (by 0.14 V) due to the interaction with the adjacent nitrogen/boron atoms through C–B and C–N bonds [17]. Furthermore, this

• a 48.56% removal with a mineralization efficiency of 20.17% and AQE of 2.67%. This could be explained by the fact that the interaction of the photocatalyst with a specified pollutant varies with respect to its chemical behaviour. In the case of MB, an electrostatic interaction was observed (owing to

• the negatively charged MBN-80 and positively charged MB dye moieties) and that triggered the photocatalysis reaction. In the case of phenol, it contains a phenyl group (–C6H5) with a neutral charge and thus the interaction between this group and the photocatalyst is limited. Also, the phenol is not a

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• classifying them in plasmonic NPs (size > 5 nm) and nanoclusters (size < 5 nm). When dimensions exceed 5 nm, NPs exhibit a unique optical phenomenon called localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) which represents the collective oscillation of conduction band electrons after interaction between NPs and an

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• , the interfaces at a pillared surface may not be stable. As a consequence, there is no guarantee that an extensive empirical investigation of various test objects will be successful in identifying a suitable surface. To summarise, the interaction between S. molesta or Collembola and water does not

• constitute a good model for the interaction between liquid iron and blast furnace tuyères because of the following considerations: As described above, existing mathematical models are highly idealised and cover only partial aspects of the interaction between plant or animal, water and air layer. The

• structure, which can easily be described in terms of analytic functions. When a sheet of liquid iron flows over the tuyère surface, a complex interaction between the gas in the recesses and the liquid evolves. It is, of course, hopeless to try to describe the interaction dynamics in terms of analytic

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• photocatalytic performance and stability for the photooxidative elimination of NO. The ohmic interaction between OV–(BiO)2CO3 and Bi0 has been shown to promote the synthesis of •O2− and •OH species. It was found that •O2− had a significant impact on the photocatalytic elimination of NO. In another approach

Bending and punching characteristics of aluminum sheets using the quasi-continuum method

• Man-Ping Chang,
• Shang-Jui Lin and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.108

• . In order to accurately calculate the energy of the nonuniform deformation region, the EAM is used to calculate the interaction of the nonlocal atoms [55]. Moreover, to avoid repeated calculations at the coupled regions, the QC method performs continuous coupled calculations to modify the ghost force

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• special fingerprint-like surface nanostructure. In this work, we present a theoretical model of the interaction of linear nanofibers with a sinusoidally corrugated surface. This model allows for a prediction of the adhesive interaction and, thus, the design of a suitable surface structure to prevent

• because nanofibers strongly adhere to any surface due to van der Waals forces [9]. For a cylindrical fiber with radius R interacting with the plane surface of a semi-infinite body, the energy per unit length due to van der Waals interaction is given as [9]: with the Hamaker constant AH, which is according

• to [9]: Here, the mass densities (ρ1 and ρ2) of the interacting bodies and the London coefficient c, which describes the particle–particle interaction, are multiplied. The van der Waals energy UvdW of the fiber obtained due to the interaction is the integral of the above interaction function µ over

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• the tip approaches the sample surface, an interaction force is generated that deflects (bends or stretches) the probe cantilever. As the AFM probe moves across the sample surface (in the X and Y directions), morphological information is obtained over the entire scan area. Its tip structure and the

• shown to be removed one by one from the sample surface by tip indentation of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The probing of the interaction forces by AFM and thus the analysis of van der Waals (vdW) forces can provide valuable information on the evolution of the tip size. Carbon nanotube probes

• interaction force between the particle and the surface. A new colloidal AFM probe was proposed by Daboss et al. [14]. These conductive spherical boron-doped diamond (BDD)-AFM probes allow electrochemical force spectroscopy. The physical robustness of these bifunctional probes and the excellent electrochemical

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• calculations we have calculated the interaction energies of the TiCl4 molecule on the selected surfaces. These energies are −0.29 eV for the anatase TiO2, −0.22 eV for the rutile TiO2 and 0.87 eV for the Al2O3. These energies indicate that TiCl4 will adsorb favourably, although with a small energy gain, on the

• . Calculated interaction and ligand loss energies of TiCl4 on the anatase TiO2 surface and rutile TiO2 surface are presented in Table 1. Energetics for the ligand loss reactions are calculated relative to the first model of TiCl4 interacting with the surface, and present an overall reaction energy. The overall

• calculated interaction energies on the anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and the Al2O3 surfaces are −0.88 eV, −0.74 eV and −1.47 eV, respectively. Thus, Ti(DMA)4 adsorbs favourably on the three oxide surfaces. Next, the thermodynamics of the first, second and third ligand loss reactions of the Ti(DMA)4 precursor are

A super-oscillatory step-zoom metalens for visible light

• Yi Zhou,
• Chao Yan,
• Peng Tian,
• Zhu Li,
• Yu He,
• Bin Fan,
• Zhiyong Wang,
• Yao Deng and
• Dongliang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.101

• time-consuming for a calculation, we employed the following method to improve the simulation speed: First, we simulated the interaction between the light and the metasurface structure by CST and extracted the optical field at 0.3 μm from the back surface of the SSL. Then, we utilized the scalar angular

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• based on noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, metal coordination, van der Waals forces, π–π interaction, and electrostatic interaction. Moreover, the structural “fitting” effect may also have distinct adsorption behaviors for enantiomers. Therefore, the design of effective chiral

• blocking layer between R-Nap and BSA. This suggested that this stronger interaction with R-Nap rather than with S-Nap should arise from different steric hindrance effects between BSA and R/S-Nap. The result was consistent with the QCM measurements. Polymer-based films for chirality sensing Polymers have

• rims. The key to the chiral recognition by CDs is the formation of diastereomeric host–guest complexes based on different interaction affinities. The complexation may occur via inclusion of the guest chiral molecule into the cavity of CDs by π–π interactions, dipole–dipole, ion-pairing, hydrogen

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• occurs when a liquid is in contact with a solid with a surface charge. This interaction is mainly dominated by the electric double layer (EDL), which consists of a layer of ions (Stern layer) that is tightly adsorbed to the charged surface and a layer of counter ions (diffusion layer) that is attracted

• interaction. The actual charge transfer is much more complicated, involving the contact angle, dielectric function, temperature, and ion concentration [15][16][17]. In MEGs, compared to bulk materials, nanoarchitectonics yields a higher specific surface area to the active material, which makes the contact

• 143.25° to 10.15° (Figure 3d), and the contact area between carbon nanomaterials and water molecules is greatly increased. This leads to a stronger interaction between water molecules and the materials. Also, the treated carbon nanoparticles possess a large number of functional groups with O–H, C–O and C

Nonlinear features of the superconductor–ferromagnet–superconductor φ₀ Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region

• Aliasghar Janalizadeh,
• Ilhom R. Rahmonov,
• Sara A. Abdelmoneim,
• Yury M. Shukrinov and
• Mohammad R. Kolahchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1155–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.97

• characteristics of a φ0 Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region. We show that at small values of the system parameters damping, spin–orbit interaction, and Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratio, the magnetic dynamics is reduced to the dynamics of a scalar Duffing oscillator driven by the Josephson

• –orbit interaction, K is the anisotropic constant, and is the volume of the F layer. The effective field for LLG equation is determined by where ΩF = γK/M0 is the frequency of the ferromagnetic resonance and determines the ratio between Josephson energy and magnetic energy. In order to describe the

• for αcrit as a function of Gr (Table 1). There is a good agreement between numerical and analytical results of the calculations for small products of Josephson-to-magnetic energy ratio and spin–orbit interaction. Conclusion The understanding of the nonlinear features of magnetization dynamics in

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• tip–sample interaction. However, because of the macroscopic size of the tuning fork, the high stiffness of the sensor goes together with a low resonance frequency typically around 30 kHz. This substantially limits the minimally measurable tip–sample interaction force gradients such that very small AFM

• constant is generally much smaller than the measured derivative of the tip–sample interaction force [61]. The force constant of a rectangular cantilever and its first flexural mode stiffness, respectively, are given by: where ρSi = 2331 kg/m3 and ESi = 1.69 × 1011 N/m2 are the density and the elastic

• measurement of small magnetic forces and for MFM with optimized lateral resolution. To obtain atomic resolution, cantilevers with a higher stiffness are required to meet the stability criteria: or where Fts is the tip–sample interaction force. From Equation 9, the cantilever stiffness must surpass the highest

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• different carbonization temperatures (200 and 450 °C) were used to prepare CDs, namely C-1 and C-2, respectively, via pyrolysis. To examine the interaction of functional groups present on the CDs with water vapor, theoretical modeling was also carried out by using the DFT-based B3LYP hybrid functional at 6

• or more distinct atoms, can mitigate the drawbacks of CDs. The optical characteristics and applications of CDs may be enhanced by doping them with nitrogen, sulfur, and other elements. Due to the synergistic interaction between the doped heteroatoms in CDs, the co-doping with heteroatoms has started

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• deacetylation in the chitosan, the positive charge density increases, which results in high electrostatic interaction which electrically stimulate the osteoblasts to proliferative and differentiate [46][47][48]. Chitosan biomaterials containing graphene oxides were used as substrates for the generation of

• . Acemannan was found to be released in a long-term manner. Furthermore, an in vitro cell interaction study on osteoblasts revealed that the produced material stimulates cell growth. In addition, in vivo investigations on a rat distal femur model show that a considerable amount of new bone has grown (Figure 2

• vitro cell interaction with mesenchymal stem cells through the p38 MAPK signalling pathway [17]. Gold nanoparticles show promising results in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards osteogenic lineages, which might be due to the size and intrinsic factors of AuNPs. Mahmoud et al. (2020

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• -20 are higher than those of pristine MIL101(Fe), which indicates a decreased electron density on Bi. In BOM-20, the increased electron density on Fe3+ and the decreased electron density on Bi may be attributed to the interaction between Bi2O3 and MIL101(Fe), which further confirms the formation of

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• the interaction between electrolyte and the electrode surface. We probed the water wetting ability of supported ACC-2 and supportless ACC-2* by measuring the water contact angles (Figure S8a,b, Supporting Information File 1). The rGO-supported ACC-2 material showed a higher water wettability (14 ± 1

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• interaction between argon ions and silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, we used DFT to simulate the potential energy between each of these pairs: Ar–Ar, Ar–Si, Ar–H, and Ar–O. Once extracted, the potential energy was fitted using the Morse potential which is described in Equation 1: where r represents the

• interatomic distance in distance units, r0 the interatomic distance in the equilibrium state (also in distance units), D0 the depth well in energy units (defined per atomic interaction and related to the molecule dissociation energy), and α the control parameter on the well thickness, proportional to the

• region, or to relaxation of previous displacement cascades. Due to the strong interaction between silicon and oxygen particles, Si–O products tend to be sputtered as a cluster or the oxygen migrates into the amorphous region. The other relevant reaction products (e.g., Si–OH, Si–H2, and Si–O2) are

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

• Dick Hartmann Douma,
• Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
• Alessio Lamperti,
• Stéphane Kenmoe,
• Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
• Alberto Debernardi and
• Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

• been achieved [3][4]). Also, in the last decade, considerable efforts have been devoted to determine the type of magnetic interaction (paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, or antiferromagnetic) and the microscopic mechanisms responsible for the magnetism in doped magnetic oxides (DMO) [5]. Several experimental

• does not require an explicit calculation of empty states and is very fast since only the charge density is needed [34]. Our supercell of size 2 × 2 × 2 (96 atoms) is sufficiently large to avoid the interaction between periodic images of the absorbing atom. In fact, a smaller supercell size of 72 atoms

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• understand the interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis. The hypothesis is that beneficial anti-adhesive properties have evolved to handle propolis without being hindered by resin contamination. Possibly, these anti-adhesive properties could serve as an inspiration to help solve problems such as

• their mandibles, honeybees can handle propolis, apparently without being negatively affected by the sticky material. The anatomy of the mandible was therefore studied to understand its interaction with propolis. The stable construction of the mandible, especially the thick stem, is well suited to handle

• procedure. Conclusion Studying the interaction between propolis and bee mandibles revealed that propolis adhesion is indeed reduced on bee mandibles. Propolis adhesion is four times reduced in the presence of a natural secretion layer on top of the mandibular epicuticle, while the scale-like micropattern on

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• with its superimposed epicuticular waxes represents the barrier of all aboveground parts of higher plant primary tissues. Epicuticular waxes have multiple effects on the interaction of plants with their living and non-living environment, whereby their shape, dimension, arrangement, and chemical

• among the most common wax structures. An overview of the morphology of various wax structures has been given by Barthlott and co-workers [24]. Wetting The wettability of leaves plays an important role in the interaction of plants with the environment, such as the interaction with pathogens and the

• . Wetting properties Natural surface The wetting behavior of a plant surface is relevant for the interaction of the plant with its biological and non-biological environment. For instance, surface moisture plays a crucial role in the development of fungal diseases in plants [74]. Also, the wettability has to