A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified layered double hydroxide: preparation, characterization and properties

• Xianwei Zhang,
• Zhongzhu Ma,
• Hong Fan,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jintao Wan and
• Philippe Dubois

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3053–3068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.284

• for applications in LDH-based materials. Experimental Materials All chemicals were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification unless otherwise noted. (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and succinic anhydride were purchased from Aladdin Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). Methanol

• stirrer, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (30 mL), methanol (720 mL) and concentrated hydrochloric acid (60 mL) were added. The system was refluxed for 20 h under vigorous stirring and then cooled down to room temperature. The white precipitate was collected after precipitation in cold THF, filtration, and

• washing with cold methanol. The residue was then recrystallized in methanol, filtrated, and dried in vacuum (40 °C, 24 h). The final product was obtained as a white powder with a yield of 43%. The synthesis of octa-substituted carboxy-terminated POSS (OCPS) was carried out via acylation of OAPS with

Comparative biological effects of spherical noble metal nanoparticles (Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with 4–8 nm diameter

• Alexander Rostek,
• Marina Breisch,
• Kevin Pappert,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Marc Heggen,
• Manfred Köller,
• Christina Sengstock and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2763–2774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.258

• of different size and shape [61][62]. A hydrogen-based reduction in alcohols like methanol, heptanol, and propanol leads to sponge-like rhodium nanostructures [63]. Palladium nanoparticles can be synthesized either by the polyol process or by sono-, electro- and wet-chemical methods [64]. The

Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotubes

• Jesús A. Díaz-Real,
• Geyla C. Dubed-Bandomo,
• Juan Galindo-de-la-Rosa,
• Luis G. Arriaga,
• Janet Ledesma-García and
• Nicolas Alonso-Vante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2628–2643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.244

• potential when molecular species are present. To evaluate the oxidative contribution of the photogenerated holes, methanol (MeOH) was added to the electrolyte. From Figure 6c it can be seen that the addition of 0.5 M MeOH increases the photocurrent jph up to 200% (Figure 6a). This refers to a phenomenon

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• and under Ar atmosphere. Methanol (3 mL) was added to transform unreacted methacryloyl chloride in methyl methacrylate and the mixture was stirred until reaching room temperature (RT). Precipitated triethylamine·HCl was filtered-off, DCE removed on a rotary evaporator, and the resulting MMAA was

• )-NH-NH2 was diluted with ethanol (2 mL)/tetrahydrofuran (4 mL) mixture and precipitated in diethyl ether (10 mL) and dried. Finally, to attach Dox, P(HPMA-MMAA)-NH-NH2 (40 mg) was dissolved in methanol (0.3 mL), a solution of Dox (3.9 mg) in methanol (1 mL) and 0.5 M methanolic acetic acid (25 µL) was

• vibrations, respectively (Figure 3). The methoxy groups of the P(HPMA-MMAA) chains were reacted with hydrazine hydrate (Figure 2) under a rather low molar excess of hydrazine relative to MMAA in order to facilitate purification of the product. Finally, P(HPMA-MMAA)-NH-NH2 was conjugated with Dox in methanol

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• particles will be lost during the recycling process. In another study, Taranto et al. [126] found that cellulose was sensitive to UV irradiation and prone to degradation during photocatalysis. The cellulose might compete with organic pollutants such as methanol for photocatalytically generated active

• species/sites, leading to a decrease in methanol reaction rate. Besides, Puls et al. [127] clarified that TiO2 could cause pitting on the surface of cellulose acetate/cellulose pulp fibres under UV illumination. Therefore, cellulose nanomaterials need to be coated and covered perfectly by inert UV

Effect of electrospinning process variables on the size of polymer fibers and bead-on-string structures established with a 2³ factorial design

• Paulina Korycka,
• Adam Mirek,
• Katarzyna Kramek-Romanowska,
• Marcin Grzeczkowicz and
• Dorota Lewińska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2466–2478, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.231

• in terms of the fiber surface morphology. It was also concluded that methanol and ethanol were best suited for electrospinning of PVP, in contrast to water and dimethylformamide (DMF), which prevented the polymer from spinning. What is more, the higher the water content of the solvent, the less

Magnetism and magnetoresistance of single Ni–Cu alloy nanowires

• Andreea Costas,
• Camelia Florica,
• Elena Matei,
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Victor Kuncser and
• Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2345–2355, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.219

• . The templates used were nanoporous polycarbonate membranes with a thickness of 30 µm, a density of 109 pores·cm−1 and a pore diameter of 130 nm. Chemical etching of the pores was performed by immersing the irradiated polycarbonate foils in an aqueous solution of 5 M NaOH and 10 vol % methanol at a

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• methanol were consecutively applied onto the target and evaporated. An aqueous solution of cesium chloride (CsCl) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was added to improve the ionization of the analyzed sample. IR spectra were recorded with a Bruker Vector 22 FTIR Spectrometer (Bruker Optics, USA) in KBr pellets

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• -electron pathway with higher steady-state current with respect to commercial Pt–C electrode. The authors referred to a long-term operation stability and tolerance to poisoning effects, such as the introduction of methanol and CO in the air-saturated electrochemical cell (Figure 2). The response of N

• ) methanol into the air-saturated electrochemical cell. (bottom) Current (j) as a function of the time (t) obtained at the Pt–C (green) and the N-graphene (blue). The arrow indicates the addition of 10% (v/v) CO into the air-saturated 0.1 M KOH solution at −0.4 V; j0 defines the initial current. Adapted with

Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants

• Aikaterini-Rafailia Tsiapla,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Veroniki Bakola,
• Foteini Pappa,
• Panagiota Gkertsiou,
• Eleni Pavlidou and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1986–1994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.189

• of PBS was added. Methylene blue is commonly used for the identification of cell viability as it stains the nuclei of living cells, making them more observable. The protocol for staining with methylene blue initially involves the addition of methanol to the samples, which were in the well-plates for

• 5 min. Then, after removing methanol, methylene blue was added for 30 min. After removing the methylene blue, the samples were rinsed with distilled water until the blue color disappeared. Finally, after removing the lid of the well-plate, the samples were exposed to room temperature in order to dry

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• , azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (0.1 g) and bubbled with Ar. After 30 min, the bubbling was stopped, and 11 mL of MMA was added and the suspension was heated at 80 °C for 4 h. The nanocomposite (NC) was precipitated from the cooled suspension of NP-PMMA with methanol (1:10 v/v). The NC was then washed several times with

• methanol, oven dried at 60 °C and crushed in an agate mortar. The suspensions NP-PMMA-1, NP-PMMA-2 and NP-PMMA-3 contained 1.2 wt %, 8.1 wt %, and 26.6 wt % of the NPs, respectively. The nanocomposites NC-1, NC-2, and NC-3 were prepared from the NP-PMMA suspensions denominated with the same number. For the

• nanoparticles is related to the lower yield of precipitation of PMMA, decreasing the amount of isolated PMMA. PMMA is not soluble in pure methanol, however, in our case we precipitated nanocomposites by adding methanol to the suspension in toluene. In the precipitation mixture of toluene and methanol, a small

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

• Maya Endo,
• Zhishun Wei,
• Kunlei Wang,
• Baris Karabiyik,
• Kenta Yoshiiri,
• Paulina Rokicka,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
• Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

• photogenerated electrons on irradiated titania. To enable a efficient deposition of metals on titania, photodeposition was carried out in 50 vol % methanol as a hole scavenger and under anaerobic conditions to avoid electron scavenging by oxygen. To find the key factors of antimicrobial activity, various titania

• that both titania samples (ST01 and FP6) are highly active photocatalysts for various photocatalytic reactions, e.g., oxidative decomposition of acetic acid and dehydrogenation of methanol [72]. FP6 has larger crystals (smaller specific surface area), and thus its lower activity under irradiation is

• brief, TiO2 samples were suspended in a 50 vol % aqueous solution of methanol, to which either AgNO3 aqueous solution or HAuCl4·H2O aqueous solution was added, suspensions were purged with argon for 15 min, and irradiated with a 400 W mercury lamp in a thermostatic water bath at 298 K under stirring

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• . The reaction was conducted in argon atmosphere and the condenser was fitted with a Dean–Stark trap. After cooling, the mixture was precipitated with 100 mL of ethanol. The crude product was washed three times with methanol (1500 mL) and then twice with acetone (800 mL) to remove unreacted monomers

Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

• Fuat Topuz and
• Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

• at 80 °C for 3 h. For the synthesis of pristine MSNs, the particles were synthesized without CD addition. The nanoparticles were later purified by washing with a mixed solution of acetic acid and methanol with a ratio of 1:3 to remove weakly adsorbed CDs and CTAC moieties from the surface and pores

Sensing behavior of flower-shaped MoS₂ nanoflakes: case study with methanol and xylene

• Maryam Barzegar,
• Masoud Berahman and
• Azam Iraji zad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 608–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.57

• using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements, elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The gas sensing characteristics were evaluated under exposure to various concentrations of xylene and methanol vapors

• . The results reveal higher sensitivity and shorter response times for methanol at temperatures below 200 °C toward 200 to 400 ppm gas concentrations. The sensing mechanisms for both gases are discussed based on simulation results using density functional theory and charge transfer. Keywords: density

• functional theory; gas sensor; hydrothermal method; methanol; MoS2 nanoflakes; xylene vapor; Introduction Recent efforts in exploring two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to the introduction of a new family of materials known as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), which show remarkable electrical

Single-step process to improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube yarn

• Maria Cecilia Evora,
• Xinyi Lu,
• Nitilaksha Hiremath,
• Nam-Goo Kang,
• Kunlun Hong,
• Roberto Uribe,
• Gajanan Bhat and
• Jimmy Mays

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 545–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.52

• instruments CNT yarn (produced through a proprietary process by the University of Cincinnati), acrylic acid (AA, Acros Organics, 98%), acrylonitrile (AN, Acros Organics, 99%), methanol (Fisher Chemicals, 99.8%), tetrahydrofuran (THF, Fisher Chemical, ACS reagent), iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O

Design of polar self-assembling lactic acid derivatives possessing submicrometre helical pitch

• Alexej Bubnov,
• Cyril Vacek,
• Michał Czerwiński,
• Terezia Vojtylová,
• Wiktor Piecek and
• Věra Hamplová

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 333–341, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.33

• recrystallized from methanol. The molecular structure was checked for all synthesised compounds by 1H NMR spectra recorded on a Varian VNMRS 300 instrument, where deuteriochloroform (CDCl3) served as a solvent. The signal of the solvent was used as an internal standard. The purity of the final compounds was

• checked by HPLC analysis (high-pressure pump ECOM Alpha; column WATREX Biospher Si 100, 250 × 4 mm, 5 µm; detector WATREX UVD 250) and were found to be >99.8% with the mixture of 99.9% of toluene and 0.1% of methanol as an eluent using a UV–vis detector (λ = 290 nm). The optical rotation was measured in

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• the CVD method. The best catalytic characteristics (100% methanol conversion at 350 °C) were achieved using the UV BN/Ag HNMs without preliminary annealing at 600 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere. Both types of the BN/Ag HNMs possess a profound antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli K-261 bacteria

• the temperature and environmental conditions during catalytic activity tests (without taking into account a reaction with methanol). For this, the UV BN/Ag HNMs samples were preliminary annealed in air at 600 °C for 1 h and then analyzed inside TEM during additional in situ heating (Figure 4c, d). No

• catalytic oxidation of methanol for both types of BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials are presented in Figure 5a. Quartz pellets (curve 1) and raw BN NPs (curve 2) were used as the reference samples. The UV BN/Ag HNMs demonstrated much better catalytic activity (curve 4) in comparison to hybrid nanomaterials

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• authors also showed that methanol is the most efficient sacrificial agent when compared to isopropanol, glycerol, and glucose [25]. A further study by Jose et al. focused on the effect of TiO2 modification (anatase and/or rutile). These authors observed that TiO2 P25/Au mixed systems performed best in the

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• instrument. The bisimidazolium salt was studied at a scanning rate of 10 K/min after being encapsulated in an aluminum pan. Three heating–cooling cycles were performed for this sample. Synthesis of [bisC8ImC10][C12OSO3]2 A solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (2.18 g, 7.5 mmol) in methanol (60 mL) was added

• ; region 3: high frequency. Conductivity as a function of the CNT concentration at three constant temperatures. Synthesis of bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion: (i) Br(CH2)10Br, NaH; (ii) C8H17Br, acetonitrile; (iii) C12H25OSO3Na, methanol/dichloromethane. DS characteristic constants for pure

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

• Ziyan Warneke,
• Markus Rohdenburg,
• Jonas Warneke,
• Janina Kopyra and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

• , CO is produced during electron-driven degradation of methanol which is the smallest alcohol [35]. Alcohols, on the other hand, can be formed through electron-initiated reactions. This was demonstrated for a condensed mixture of ethylene (C2H4) and H2O [31]. Electron exposure initiated addition of H2O

Review on optofluidic microreactors for artificial photosynthesis

• Xiaowen Huang,
• Jianchun Wang,
• Tenghao Li,
• Jianmei Wang,
• Min Xu,
• Weixing Yu,
• Abdel El Abed and
• Xuming Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 30–41, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.5

• water splitting. As a renewable and nontoxic gas, hydrogen works not only as a clean fuel but also as a feedstock for important chemical production, such as ammonia and methanol. Similarly, light-driven CO2 reduction has great potential as a clean fuel supplier, especially for the production of methanol

• paper composite membrane for the photoreduction of CO2 [76], as shown in Figure 6. Using this device, they studied the factors that affected the methanol yield (such as flow rate, light intensity and catalyst loading) and obtained a high reduction result in comparison to the reported data. Other

• combination of g-C3N4 and electron mediator through π–π stacking, in addition to a significantly enhanced coenzyme regeneration rate [89]. Coenzyme regeneration is also of great importance in CO2 reduction with the help of enzymes. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase is a typical one that selectively achieves methanol

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• oleylamine-coated nanoparticles annealed at 200 °C [98]. In a different study from the same group, the authors prepared two inks of oleylamine-stabilized silver nanoparticles with core sizes of 5 and 12 nm. Dipping the printed nanoparticle films in methanol reduced the total weight of the oleylamine ligands

• . Dodecylamine-functionalized Ag NPs were printed on polymers and reached a conductivity of 1205 S/cm after sintering at 140 °C [126]. Metal-chalcogenide complexes are a carbon-free alternative to stabilize nanocrystals in polar solvents such as dimethylformamide or methanol. Their use avoids undesired carbon

Amplified cross-linking efficiency of self-assembled monolayers through targeted dissociative electron attachment for the production of carbon nanomembranes

• Sascha Koch,
• Christopher D. Kaiser,
• Paul Penner,
• Michael Barclay,
• Lena Frommeyer,
• Daniel Emmrich,
• Patrick Stohmann,
• Tarek Abu-Husein,
• Andreas Terfort,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Oddur Ingólfsson and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2562–2571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.256

• -chlorobenzene in case of 2-Cl-BPT) with the Grignard reagent of (4-bromophenyl)triisopropylsilylsulfide [42]. The removal of the protecting silyl group was performed with methanol/HCl under strict exclusion of air [43]. The resulting thiols were purified by repeated chromatography. Details on the preparation