Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Federico Venturi,
• Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
• Amir H. Tavabi,
• Alberto Rota,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
• Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

• , at the bottom left, which is aligned in the opposite way, in response to the direction of the applied magnetic field. In the following, the ability of L-TEM to provide a direct visualization of the switching process of the horseshoe state in a square nanoring is demonstrated. Just as for nanowires

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• of RA molecules. For a better visualization, the inset at the top left shows the superposition of the G band obtained for both cases. The Raman mode at ≈1570 cm−1 originates from C=C RA molecule bond. Fitting parameters of Equation 2 for the experimental data in Figure 4c–e. The error values from the

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• °C), (b) SP2 imine (at 50 and 90 °C) and (c) visualization of hexagonal packing of SP2 columns. Polarizing optical microscopy (POM) images for: (a) SP1 taken during 1st heating (at 27, 58, 72, 75 °C) and 1st cooling (at 44, 32, 13 and −20 °C), respectively and (b) SP2 taken during 1st cooling (at 36

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• function of electron energy. Each row represents the negative ion shown on the right. The energy scale was calibrated with respect to the formation of SF6− by electron attachment to SF6 that occurs at an electron energy ≈0 eV. Summary and visualization of the most important ion formation pathways for DI

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• operation when a PDMS stamp with a protruding square pattern is used. This depression region represents a freshly exposed Au area, which provides a position for subsequent biological probe insertion. For visualization, thiolated molecules of longer molecular length are used and give an inversed protruding

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Jana Andzane and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29

• device, avoiding the need for individual device fabrication of each control parameter. This approach is favourable for fundamental research on specific parts and simulation of processes in a NEM switch, where the assembly of the whole device is not required. Real-time visualization helps to evaluate the

Co-reductive fabrication of carbon nanodots with high quantum yield for bioimaging of bacteria

• Jiajun Wang,
• Xia Liu,
• Gesmi Milcovich,
• Tzu-Yu Chen,
• Edel Durack,
• Sarah Mallen,
• Yongming Ruan,
• Xuexiang Weng and
• Sarah P. Hudson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 137–145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.16

• water, low photobleaching and low cytotoxicity. They show great potential for bioimaging, photocatalysis, energy conversion, fluorescent ink and sensing applications [1][2][3]. In a bioimaging application perspective, the detection of bacteria by microscopic visualization is an essential benchmark

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• functionality of the Au–alkanethiolate monolayers (Figure 2). Complementary DNA was hybridized to thiolated single-stranded DNA self-assembled on lifted-off Au-containing regions on PDMS samples. Complementary sequences were fluorescently labeled, enabling indirect visualization of patterned Au monolayers. Only

• regions containing Au–alkanethiolates appeared bright in fluorescence microscopy images (Figure 2). Using this straightforward functionalization and visualization method, we investigated patterns of lifted-off Au monolayers on PDMS as substrates for DNA recognition. Upon hybridization of dye-labeled

• improve the fidelity of the patterns of Au–alkanethiols lifted-off on PDMS, and thus, presumably more complete and closely packed supported Au monolayers on PDMS. The computation, fabrication, and visualization strategies established herein form a basic toolbox for interrogating the influence of these

Nanoprofilometry study of focal conic domain structures in a liquid crystalline free surface

• Anna N. Bagdinova,
• Evgeny I. Demikhov,
• Nataliya G. Borisenko and
• Sergei M. Tolokonnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2544–2551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.254

• Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.8.254 Abstract This work presents the first high-resolution nanoprofilometry study consisting of nanoscale resolution surface profile measurements and high-quality visualization of a the free surface of a liquid crystal–air

Photobleaching of YOYO-1 in super-resolution single DNA fluorescence imaging

• Joseph R. Pyle and
• Jixin Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2296–2306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.229

• YOYO-1 molecules intercalate into DNA and remain there during imaging, and most of them have to be temporarily or permanently fluorescently bleached, often stochastically, to allow for the visualization of a few fluorescent events per DNA per frame of the video. Thus, controlling the fluorescence on

Magnetic properties of optimized cobalt nanospheres grown by focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) on cantilever tips

• Soraya Sangiao,
• César Magén,
• Darius Mofakhami,
• Grégoire de Loubens and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2106–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.210

• reduced Planck’s constant, e is the electron charge and t is the thickness of the sample. Visualization of the magnetic state of the Co nanospheres is performed by calculating the cosine of a multiple of the magnetic phase shift, cos(n·φM), which produces sets of fringes parallel to the magnetic induction

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

• by Bae and co-workers [54]. Using an optical imaging system they detected the enhancement of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) autofluorescence in tumor regions. This endogenous protein tends to accumulate in tumor tissue, and may help in effective localization and visualization of tumor lesions by PpIX

• microendoscope (HRME) was developed and used for the direct visualization of neoplastic biomarkers (increase in nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio and nuclear density, pleomorphic nuclei) during colposcopy [77][78][79]. Grant et al. [79] performed HRME imaging by placing a fiber-optic probe tip in contact with

Fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: from CF₄ plasma chemistry to surface functionalization

• Claudia Struzzi,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Jean-François Colomer,
• Alberto Verdini,
• Luca Floreano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1723–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.173

• phase (dotted line) and during CF4 plasma ignited at different power (from 10 to 250 W). The two frames in the figure detail the peaks located at 1286 and 1261 cm−1 for better visualization of the intensity variation. c) Intensities of the FTIR peaks related to CF4 (at 1539 cm−1), CF2 (at 667.4 cm−1

Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers

• Dong Ye,
• Mattia Bramini,
• Delyan R. Hristov,
• Sha Wan,
• Anna Salvati,
• Christoffer Åberg and
• Kenneth A. Dawson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.141

• ’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for 5 min. The slides were then sealed by addition of Mowiol mounting medium (Calbiochem) and stored at 4 °C overnight. For image acquisition, tricolour visualization of cell organelles, nanoparticles and nuclei, was performed on a confocal microscope equipped with

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• ]. Altogether, we propose several reasons why QD-labelled skin MSCs could serve as a promising NP delivery vector. First, QD labelling would enable MSC tracking and visualization of the tumour microenvironment. Next, the cells in the tumour would take up the released QDs and then the formation of ROS could be

Optical response of heterogeneous polymer layers containing silver nanostructures

• Miriam Carlberg,
• Florent Pourcin,
• Olivier Margeat,
• Judikaël Le Rouzo,
• Gérard Berginc,
• Rose-Marie Sauvage,
• Jörg Ackermann and
• Ludovic Escoubas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1065–1072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.108

• information about the reflection, transmission, absorption of the material as well as the complex optical indices, n and k. Finite difference time domain simulations of nanoparticles in thin film layers allow the visualization of the nanoparticle interactions or the electric field enhancement on and around

• ) TEM image of the synthetized nanoprisms before centrifugation and c) visualization of the electric field enhancement normalized to the incident electric field in the nanoprism for wavelength of peak 1 under z-oriented (i) p-polarized light and (ii) s-polarized light, and for the wavelength of peak 2

Measuring adhesion on rough surfaces using atomic force microscopy with a liquid probe

• Juan V. Escobar,
• Cristina Garza and
• Rolando Castillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 813–825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.84

• ., Russia) intended for 3D visualization of scanning tips (Figure 1). The grating with the sharp peaks was inspected with standard Si3N4 SPM cantilevers in contact mode. The scans were obtained with a scanning probe microscope in vacuum (1 × 10−4 Pa). The inverted images of the tip (not presented in this

Selective detection of Mg²⁺ ions via enhanced fluorescence emission using Au–DNA nanocomposites

• Tanushree Basu,
• Khyati Rana,
• Niranjan Das and
• Bonamali Pal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 762–771, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.79

• clustering of gold nanorods around the DNA. As shown in Figure 5, the height of the sample from the surface was estimated to be around 20.3 nm. The brighter areas on the image had a maximum height of 20.3 nm. Figure 5d shows the amplitude of DNA–AuNR to be 38.2 mV. Figure 6 shows the 3D visualization of the

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• an optical reference DOPC doped with rhodamine was patterned in-between DNP-lipid structures (Figure 3a). After blocking with 10% BSA and subsequent washing, samples were incubated with anti-DNP IgE antibody labelled with Alexa 488 dye for direct visualization. Plotting of the mean fluorescence

• lipid into DOPC carrier. Next, after blocking with 10% BSA and binding of fluorescently labeled STV-Cy3, arrays were washed with PBS and blocked again with 10% BSA to prepare membranes for ARbiot binding. The coating of arrays with labeled STV allowed for direct visualization of the biotin arrays. In

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• microscope, equipped with a C1 laser confocal system (EZ-C1 software, Nikon). A 633 nm and 488 nm argon laser light was used as excitation sources for Phalloidin and NucGreen, respectively. Actin filaments and nuclei stain visualization using confocal microscopy was used to assess cellular morphology and

Optimizing qPlus sensor assemblies for simultaneous scanning tunneling and noncontact atomic force microscopy operation based on finite element method analysis

• Omur E. Dagdeviren and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 657–666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.70

• ; noncontact atomic force microscopy; quartz tuning forks; scanning tunneling microscopy; self-sensing probe; Introduction Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) [1] and non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) [1][2][3] are powerful methods allowing the visualization of the atomic structure of a surface

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• . The nominal radius of the tip before the measurement was 2 nm. PeakForce QNM (PF QNM) performs a very fast curve at every pixel in the image. Using PF QNM mode visualization, maps of both the surface and mechanical properties were generated simultaneously. This allowed to obtain following

Physics, chemistry and biology of functional nanostructures III

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 590–591, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.63

• tuberculosis bacilli [1], new applications of graphene-based nanostructures [2][3][4], smart nanoparticles with antitumor activity [5], photonic crystals and flexible membranes [6][7] for visualization devices and remote-readout strain gauges. A lot of other unusual applications of functional nanostructures

Self-assembly of silicon nanowires studied by advanced transmission electron microscopy

• Marta Agati,
• Guillaume Amiard,
• Vincent Le Borgne,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Richard Dolbec,
• Maurizio De Crescenzi,
• My Alì El Khakani and
• Simona Boninelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 440–445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.47

• Visualiser Kai software was used for visualization. (a) Typical SEM image showing the morphology of the as-collected sample; EFTEM images obtained at (b) the Si plasmon loss (17 eV) and (c) the SiO2 plasmon loss (23 eV), revealing the Si–SiO2 core–shell structure and the structural continuity between the Si

Impact of contact resistance on the electrical properties of MoS₂ transistors at practical operating temperatures

• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Aurora Piazza,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Giuseppe Greco,
• Simonpietro Agnello and
• Fabrizio Roccaforte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 254–263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.28

• are reported in Figure 2 both on a semilogarithmic scale (Figure 2a) and on a linear scale (Figure 2b). Clearly, the linear scale plot allows the current transport above the threshold voltage (Vth) to be studied, whereas the semilog scale plot allows for a better visualization of transport in the