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Search for "agglomeration" in Full Text gives 269 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Anchoring Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

  • Błażej Scheibe,
  • Radosław Mrówczyński,
  • Natalia Michalak,
  • Karol Załęski,
  • Michał Matczak,
  • Mateusz Kempiński,
  • Zuzanna Pietralik,
  • Mikołaj Lewandowski,
  • Stefan Jurga and
  • Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

Graphical Abstract
  • , which is due to additional contribution of PDA to the sample volume [65]. The agglomeration of magnetic nanoparticles has a direct effect on any measurement performed on NPs when extracting quantitative parameters, such as, e.g., the magnetic moment value [66]. The interparticle distance affects the
  • susceptibility curves coincide at high temperatures and separate as the temperature is decreasing. The maximum of the ZFC curve is defined as the blocking temperature (TB) of the superparamagnetic nanoparticles and the width of the ZFC curve maximum is related to the size distribution or agglomeration process of
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Published 15 Feb 2018

Fabrication and photoactivity of ionic liquid–TiO2 structures for efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous phase

  • Anna Gołąbiewska,
  • Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron,
  • Aleksandra Sadzińska,
  • Wojciech Lisowski,
  • Ewelina Grabowska,
  • Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
  • Justyna Łuczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 580–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.54

Graphical Abstract
  • further growth and agglomeration. For the TiO2_O(1:3) sample, the dominant fraction were microspheres with diameter ranging from 2–3 μm (38%), whereas for TiO2_T(1:3), the main fraction was particles with an average diameter of 3–5 μm (42%). Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy and BET
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Published 14 Feb 2018

Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles for label-free colorimetric sensing of ammonia in aqueous solutions

  • Alessandro Buccolieri,
  • Antonio Serra,
  • Gabriele Giancane and
  • Daniela Manno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 499–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.48

Graphical Abstract
  • function of log(t). In this way, the constants k and n can be obtained from the line intercept with the y-axis and the slope of the straight line (Table 2). Different NH3 concentrations give rise to different Ag nanoparticles agglomeration and nucleation rates. In particular, the rate of nucleation of the
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Published 09 Feb 2018

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO2

  • Patrycja Parnicka,
  • Paweł Mazierski,
  • Tomasz Grzyb,
  • Wojciech Lisowski,
  • Ewa Kowalska,
  • Bunsho Ohtani,
  • Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
  • Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

Graphical Abstract
  • treatments in combination with the sol–gel method (sol–hydrothermal method) provide an alternative approach for preparing TiO2. During the preparation, before the hydrothermal process, a sol is obtained, which may prevent the agglomeration of the nanocrystals [26]. However, information regarding the
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Published 06 Feb 2018

Facile synthesis of ZnFe2O4 photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

  • Arjun Behera,
  • Debasmita Kandi,
  • Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
  • Satyabadi Martha and
  • Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

Graphical Abstract
  • microscopy (FESEM) provides surface morphology and topography of the prepared materials. Figure 2 shows the surface topography of ZFO-500. The sample consists of agglomerated nanoparticles with smooth surface. The agglomeration of ZFO-500 is accompanied with the formation of small crystallites [28]. TEM The
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Published 05 Feb 2018

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO2-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

  • Mikhail F. Butman,
  • Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
  • Nikita S. Karasev,
  • Nataliya E. Kochkina,
  • Alexander V. Agafonov and
  • Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

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  • limitations such as low adsorption capacity and possibility of particle agglomeration, which reduce its photocatalytic efficiency for the processes of purifying sewage and natural water bodies from pollutants of organic origin. To overcome these limitations, titanium dioxide nanoparticles are distributed on
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Published 31 Jan 2018

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

  • Lan Ching Sim,
  • Jing Lin Wong,
  • Chen Hong Hak,
  • Jun Yan Tai,
  • Kah Hon Leong and
  • Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

Graphical Abstract
  • to the self-assembly process during the hydrothermal treatment [43]. However, a more porous structure in the CD/g-C3N4(0.5) composite was observed as compared to that of CD/g-C3N4(0.1), signifying that the increasing concentration of CDs could reduce the agglomeration effect in the composites. The
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Published 30 Jan 2018

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

  • Konstantin L. Firestein,
  • Denis V. Leybo,
  • Alexander E. Steinman,
  • Andrey M. Kovalskii,
  • Andrei T. Matveev,
  • Anton M. Manakhov,
  • Irina V. Sukhorukova,
  • Pavel V. Slukin,
  • Nadezda K. Fursova,
  • Sergey G. Ignatov,
  • Dmitri V. Golberg and
  • Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

Graphical Abstract
  • antibacterial activity, the wide application of Ag NPs is restricted by their poor dispersion stability and high tendency to agglomeration. This reduces their specific surface areas, dissolution rate and, eventually, antibacterial efficiency. Therefore, it is extremely important to use supports which could not
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Published 23 Jan 2018

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)2, Co2(CO)8 and Me2Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

  • Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
  • Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
  • Artur Rydosz,
  • Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
  • Fanny Béron,
  • Kleber R. Pirota,
  • Stanislav Moshkalev,
  • José Alexandre Diniz and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

Graphical Abstract
  • granularity of the films and the border sharpness increase due to grain agglomeration. The extracted average size of the Co agglomerates more than doubles when the as-deposited FEBID material is annealed at 200 °C (from 170 ± 40 nm to 400 ± 100 nm, Figure 2). Increasing further the annealing temperature
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Published 09 Jan 2018

Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy

  • Weijie Zhang,
  • Yuhang Chen,
  • Xicheng Xia and
  • Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2771–2780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.276

Graphical Abstract
  • NPs were mixed and diluted with deionized water. To avoid agglomeration, ultrasonic dispersion was applied for at least 5 min. After that, a drop of the solution was deposited on a silicon substrate and dried under natural air conditions in a clean room. For this sample, the two types of particles
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Published 21 Dec 2017

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

  • Ioannis Kanelidis and
  • Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

Graphical Abstract
  • colloidal dispersions The stability of colloidal dispersions depends on the capping ligands and affects shelf life and performance [32]. Ligands can trigger or prevent the agglomeration of metal nanoparticles depending on the solvent [81][82]. Ligand exchange may be necessary after synthesis to enable
  • to a more compact coverage of the metal surface, rendering the gold nanoparticles more resistant and stable against aggregation in an electrolyte [95]. 2.2 Ligand-initiated agglomeration Changes in the capping layer can induce agglomeration of dispersed nanoparticles or establish physical contact
  • by 7%. The reduced surface coverage facilitated desorption of the surface molecules and bridging of the metal cores at reduced temperatures [99]. Some ligands, for example 2-mercaptoethanol or thioglycolic acid, have been reported to cause chain-like agglomeration of gold nanoparticles during their
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Published 07 Dec 2017

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

  • Dimitri Vanhecke,
  • Dagmar A. Kuhn,
  • Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
  • Sandor Balog,
  • Ana Milosevic,
  • Dominic Urban,
  • Diana Peckys,
  • Niels de Jonge,
  • Wolfgang J. Parak,
  • Alke Petri-Fink and
  • Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

Graphical Abstract
  • ], potentially reflecting different agglomeration states. The uptake mechanism for one and the same NP into different cell types may even vary [10]. For instance, the uptake of fetal bovine serum-treated titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2NP) into A549 and H1299 cells, two human lung cell lines, is different, and it was
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Published 14 Nov 2017

In situ controlled rapid growth of novel high activity TiB2/(TiB2–TiN) hierarchical/heterostructured nanocomposites

  • Jilin Wang,
  • Hejie Liao,
  • Yuchun Ji,
  • Fei Long,
  • Yunle Gu,
  • Zhengguang Zou,
  • Weimin Wang and
  • Zhengyi Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2116–2125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.211

Graphical Abstract
  • into a scattering multibranched structure (marked with frame). Moreover, hierarchical structures were well-distributed without agglomeration. The corresponding X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum (Figure 1c) reveals significant elemental B, Ti, N and O. The existence of O could be
  • worth noting that some nanoparticles (about 5 nm in diameter) existed on the surface of the hexagonal prism (pointed out by arrows in Figure 3b). When the endothermic rate reached 20%, the hexagonal prisms demonstrated slight agglomeration with the smaller particle size ranging from 200–600 nm (Figure
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Published 10 Oct 2017

Synthesis and characterization of noble metal–titania core–shell nanostructures with tunable shell thickness

  • Bartosz Bartosewicz,
  • Marta Michalska-Domańska,
  • Malwina Liszewska,
  • Dariusz Zasada and
  • Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2083–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.208

Graphical Abstract
  • few exceptions of more general methods [21]. Another difficulty in the coating process arises from the possibility of core particle agglomeration. Since metal nanoparticles are vulnerable to agglomeration, additional actions, such as the use of special conditions or additives, have to be undertaken to
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Published 05 Oct 2017

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

  • Colin K. Curtis,
  • Antonin Marek,
  • Alex I. Smirnov and
  • Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

Graphical Abstract
  • employed in all measurements. While both stock and the diluted suspensions were found to be stable over a short storage up to 1 month, some slow agglomeration has been observed over a prolonged storage (e.g., see [9][29]). Macroscale friction measurements were performed with ball-on-disk contacts of like
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Published 29 Sep 2017

Preparation and characterization of polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites

  • Claudio Larosa,
  • Niranjan Patra,
  • Marco Salerno,
  • Lara Mikac,
  • Remo Merijs Meri and
  • Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2026–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.203

Graphical Abstract
  • used p-xylene and dichloromethane solvent to mix MWCNTs and prevent their agglomeration induced by strong van der Waals forces. Previous work carried out on PC/MWCNT composites with focus on the mechanical properties showed an increase in the storage modulus obtained from indentation measurements at
  • vortex mechanical agitator followed by sonication for thorough mixing of the two components without agglomeration. The obtained nanocomposite solutions (at different MWCNT loadings of 0, 1, 2 and 3 wt %) were cast into glass Petri dishes filled up to similar levels in order to maintain similar film
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Published 27 Sep 2017

A systematic study of the controlled generation of crystalline iron oxide nanoparticles on graphene using a chemical etching process

  • Peter Krauß,
  • Jörg Engstler and
  • Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2017–2025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.202

Graphical Abstract
  • annealing of functionalized graphene in a hydrogen atmosphere resulted in agglomeration of the iron(II) oxide nanoparticles, increasing their average diameter from 3 nm to 9 nm. The synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on iron oxide nanoparticle/graphene composites was demonstrated. This resulted in
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Published 26 Sep 2017

Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of continuous-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with stacked graphene

  • Naum Naveh,
  • Olga Shepelev and
  • Samuel Kenig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1909–1918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.191

Graphical Abstract
  • negligible or minor but negative, and SG agglomeration seen in Figure 2 is supporting these findings. All laminated composites manifested increased DMA storage moduli. Composites with modified epoxy/SG matrices demonstrated a significant increase of storage moduli at elevated temperatures, and higher Young’s
  • . The reason for the latter deterioration could be attributed to the increased rigidity of the laminates expressed as lower strain at yield, or the incompatibility between the FG sizing and the various SAAs leading to agglomeration in the matrix phase, as shown in Figure 3. Experiments aimed at
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Published 12 Sep 2017

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

  • Dafu Wei,
  • Youwei Zhang and
  • Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

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  • and agglomeration of the outer nanometer-sized PMMA shell domain during the preoxidation treatment. FTIR was used to study the structure change of PAN-PMMA1 nanoparticles after the preoxidation treatment. By comparing the spectrum of the PAN-PMMA1 nanoparticles (Figure 3) with those of the preoxidized
  • than that of CP6 (35–65 nm). This may be caused by the residual of PMMA shell due to the fairly low carbonization temperature (600 °C). The low viscosity of PMMA fluid formed during the preoxidation treatment enables the agglomeration between the PAN nanoparticles, and thus fails to completely prevent
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Published 11 Sep 2017

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

  • Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

Graphical Abstract
  • . The high affinity of antibodies to EGFR and the overexpression of EGFR in tumor cells lead to the agglomeration of gold nanoparticles in tumor zone. The scattering cross-section per particle increases when particles agglomerate. It leads to a non-linear enhancement in scattering resulting in a large
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Published 06 Sep 2017

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

  • Suneel Kumar,
  • Ashish Kumar,
  • Ashish Bahuguna,
  • Vipul Sharma and
  • Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

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Published 03 Aug 2017

Calcium fluoride based multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging

  • Marion Straßer,
  • Joachim H. X. Schrauth,
  • Sofia Dembski,
  • Daniel Haddad,
  • Bernd Ahrens,
  • Stefan Schweizer,
  • Bastian Christ,
  • Alevtina Cubukova,
  • Marco Metzger,
  • Heike Walles,
  • Peter M. Jakob and
  • Gerhard Sextl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1484–1493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.148

Graphical Abstract
  • relaxivities cannot be explained with the deviation of the MR measurements. More likely, this trend is triggered by an agglomeration of the NPs. This results in a lower concentration of Gd3+ on the surface of the NPs, which leads to a lower interaction with the surrounding protons, implying a higher relaxation
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Published 18 Jul 2017

Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers

  • Dong Ye,
  • Mattia Bramini,
  • Delyan R. Hristov,
  • Sha Wan,
  • Anna Salvati,
  • Christoffer Åberg and
  • Kenneth A. Dawson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.141

Graphical Abstract
  • state of agglomeration in the different media of interest were determined by differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS). The characterisation of one batch is summarised in Table 1 (Supporting Information File 1, Figures S2 and S3 show corresponding distributions). DCS of both nanoparticles suspended
  • , with no signs of agglomeration, though naturally serum protein adsorption increases the sizes. Table 1 also shows auxiliary dispersion characterisation by dynamic light scattering (DLS), leading to the same conclusions. Nanoparticle dispersions were prepared with and without FBS protein in order to
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Published 07 Jul 2017

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

  • Isabella Tavernaro,
  • Christian Cavelius,
  • Henrike Peuschel and
  • Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

Graphical Abstract
  • agglomeration and stability) and the fluorescence properties of the obtained particles were compared to particles from commonly known synthesis methods. As a result, the spectroscopic characteristics of the presented monodisperse dye-doped silica nanoparticles were similar to those of the free uncoupled dyes
  • suitable for biological nanoparticle uptake experiments and have been used to determine the intracellular migration and nuclear penetration after uptake into Caco-2 cells [44]. They have also been used to analyse their intracellular agglomeration and their association with intracellular vesicles in living
  • the bottom of the flask. This may be attributed to the positive charge of the Atto647N dye molecule after embedding, leading to a reduction of the negative ζ-potential of the silica surface and thus to agglomeration of the particles. However, introduction of cysteic acid to the side chain of the dye
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Published 21 Jun 2017

Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

  • Julia Patzsch,
  • Deepu J. Babu and
  • Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

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  • . The formed carbon layer serves as the template and carbon source from which the silicon carbide is formed. It furthermore prevents particle agglomeration and reduces the loss of unstable SiO species which are formed during the conversion reaction. The conversion process thus represents a micro
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Published 24 May 2017
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