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Search for "capillary" in Full Text gives 243 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO2

  • Patrycja Parnicka,
  • Paweł Mazierski,
  • Tomasz Grzyb,
  • Wojciech Lisowski,
  • Ewa Kowalska,
  • Bunsho Ohtani,
  • Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
  • Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

Graphical Abstract
  • further samples were collected after regular time periods during irradiation. The analysis of toluene concentration in the gas phase was performed using a gas chromatograph (Trace 1300, Thermo Scientific) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and Elite-5 capillary column. X-ray diffraction
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Published 06 Feb 2018

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

  • Razieh Beigmoradi,
  • Abdolreza Samimi and
  • Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

Graphical Abstract
  • capillary forces. Although the method is slow, because it supports a wide variety of substrates and the whole process is automatic, it is an appropriate method for industrial applications [7][102][103][104]. Acoustic waves In this method, surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are used to align and orient CNTs. SAWs
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Published 05 Feb 2018

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

  • Michal Lacko,
  • Peter Papp,
  • Iwona B. Szymańska,
  • Edward Szłyk and
  • Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

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  • main reaction chamber by small capillary, which creates a molecular beam that perpendicularly collides with the electron beam. Ionic products are then forced by a weak electric field into the ion optics of the quadrupole mass spectrometer. After separation of the products with different mass-to-charge
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Published 01 Feb 2018

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO2-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

  • Mikhail F. Butman,
  • Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
  • Nikita S. Karasev,
  • Nataliya E. Kochkina,
  • Alexander V. Agafonov and
  • Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

Graphical Abstract
  • samples are shown in Figure 6a. All the isotherms are characterized by the presence of capillary condensation hysteresis loops and belong to type IV according to IUPAC classification [39], which is typical for materials with mesoporous structure. Furthermore, the shape of the hysteresis loop for these
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Published 31 Jan 2018

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

  • Stefan Fringes,
  • Felix Holzner and
  • Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

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  • nanoparticles and vesicles in nanofluidic systems [13]. In a follow-up experiment, it was shown that crucial information on the trapping potential can be gained by using an AFM-type system and a micro-capillary to adjust the gap distance [14]. Another example of a strongly gap-dependent behavior is the lateral
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Published 26 Jan 2018

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

  • Liga Jasulaneca,
  • Jelena Kosmaca,
  • Raimonds Meija,
  • Jana Andzane and
  • Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29

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  • thousand times larger than forces that are proportional to volume, making inertial forces negligible. At the nanoscale, van der Waals, capillary and electrostatic forces become the governing factors. It is important to note, that with the decrease of the size scale, breakdown of the predictions of
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Published 25 Jan 2018

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

  • Luisa Berger,
  • Katarzyna Madajska,
  • Iwona B. Szymanska,
  • Katja Höflich,
  • Mikhail N. Polyakov,
  • Jakub Jurczyk,
  • Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

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  • mode of the Hitachi S3600 software was used. The precursor was introduced into the chamber via a homebuilt gas injection system (GIS). The GIS was made of chemically inert stainless steel and designed to minimize the molecule path lengths. Instead of a capillary, a large GIS-opening of 3 mm inner
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Published 19 Jan 2018

Humidity-dependent wound sealing in succulent leaves of Delosperma cooperi – An adaptation to seasonal drought stress

  • Olga Speck,
  • Mark Schlechtendahl,
  • Florian Borm,
  • Tim Kampowski and
  • Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 175–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.20

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  • , the boundary layer energy is much higher in the case of water-saturated air (100% r.h.) than in the case of a macroscopic droplet of liquid water [20][21]. Third, liquid water from macroscopic droplets is sucked into the fissure by capillary and osmotic forces. This allows the hypothesis that the
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Published 16 Jan 2018

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

  • Ziyan Warneke,
  • Markus Rohdenburg,
  • Jonas Warneke,
  • Janina Kopyra and
  • Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

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  • calibrated volume where the absolute pressure is measured with a capacitance manometer. For each film deposition, a calibrated amount of vapour was leaked via a stainless steel capillary opening onto the metal substrate. Experiments on methylcyclopentadiene (MeCpH) were performed on a polycrystalline Au
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Published 08 Jan 2018

Electro-optical characteristics of a liquid crystal cell with graphene electrodes

  • Nune H. Hakobyan,
  • Hakob L. Margaryan,
  • Valeri K. Abrahamyan,
  • Vladimir M. Aroutiounian,
  • Arpi S. Dilanchian Gharghani,
  • Amalya B. Kostanyan,
  • Timothy D. Wilkinson and
  • Nelson Tabirian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2802–2806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.279

Graphical Abstract
  • nematic LC (Δn = 0.15) was filled by capillary action, and the thickness of the LC layer (20 μm) was set by spacers under planar orientation. Images of the fabricated cell, obtained between crossed polarizers when voltage is applied to different areas, are shown in Figure 2. Measurements All measurements
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Published 28 Dec 2017

Thermo- and electro-optical properties of photonic liquid crystal fibers doped with gold nanoparticles

  • Agata Siarkowska,
  • Miłosz Chychłowski,
  • Daniel Budaszewski,
  • Bartłomiej Jankiewicz,
  • Bartosz Bartosewicz and
  • Tomasz R. Woliński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2790–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.278

Graphical Abstract
  • to capillary forces and after that they were put on the computer-controlled hot stage (Linkam) and slowly heated (at rate 0.1 °C/min) above the phase transition temperature. The observed results were registered under a microscope with crossed polarizers (Nikon Eclipse). Nematic–isotropic phase
  • -doped LC mixture was heated above the 6CHBT N–I phase transition temperature and then introduced into the PCF by capillary force. Unlike in previous experiments, where the sample was observed under a polarizing microscope, here we focused on the light exiting the fiber core. The preliminary part of the
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Published 27 Dec 2017

Hyperthermic intracavitary nanoaerosol therapy (HINAT) as an improved approach for pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): Technical description, experimental validation and first proof of concept

  • Daniel Göhler,
  • Stephan Große,
  • Alexander Bellendorf,
  • Thomas Albert Falkenstein,
  • Mehdi Ouaissi,
  • Jürgen Zieren,
  • Michael Stintz and
  • Urs Giger-Pabst

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2729–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.272

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  • -component nozzle located in the nozzle head, wherein the volumetric flow rate of pressurised carbon dioxide leads to a negative pressure in the capillary. The lower end of the capillary is partly submerged in the liquid drug to be aerosolised. The negative pressure causes a liquid flow rate into the nozzle
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Published 18 Dec 2017

Amplified cross-linking efficiency of self-assembled monolayers through targeted dissociative electron attachment for the production of carbon nanomembranes

  • Sascha Koch,
  • Christopher D. Kaiser,
  • Paul Penner,
  • Michael Barclay,
  • Lena Frommeyer,
  • Daniel Emmrich,
  • Patrick Stohmann,
  • Tarek Abu-Husein,
  • Andreas Terfort,
  • D. Howard Fairbrother,
  • Oddur Ingólfsson and
  • Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2562–2571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.256

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  • description here. A monochromatic electron beam generated in a trochoidal electron monochromator is crossed with an effuse beam of the target molecules that enters the reaction zone through a capillary connected to the inlet system through a high-precision dosing valve. To record the DEA ion yield curves, the
  • maintained at 120 °C by means of halogen lamps. Consequently, there is a temperature gradient along the inlet capillary and we expect the target gas to be above room temperature. From previous experiments we expect the gas temperature to be between 40 and 60 °C when entering the reaction zone. The CNMs were
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Published 30 Nov 2017

PTFE-based microreactor system for the continuous synthesis of full-visible-spectrum emitting cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals

  • Chengxi Zhang,
  • Weiling Luan,
  • Yuhang Yin and
  • Fuqian Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2521–2529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.252

Graphical Abstract
  • of CsPbX3 QDs. A three-dimensional serpentine microchannel was constructed by interlacing a PTFE capillary (600 μm inner diameter) along two parallel metal bars (800 μm outer diameter). The PTFE capillaries were used as the microreactor and microchannels. Further nucleation and growth of the CsPbX3
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Published 28 Nov 2017

Surfactant-induced enhancement of droplet adhesion in superhydrophobic soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves

  • Oliver Hagedorn,
  • Ingo Fleute-Schlachter,
  • Hans Georg Mainx,
  • Viktoria Zeisler-Diehl and
  • Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2345–2356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.234

Graphical Abstract
  • )trifluoroacetamide; Machery-Nagel GmbH & Co KG, Germany) and 20 µL of pyridine (Fluka, Germany) for 45 min at 70 °C in a heating block. The quantitative wax composition was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) (GC–FID; CG-Hewlett Packard 5890 series H, Hewlett-Packard, Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a
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Published 08 Nov 2017

Material property analytical relations for the case of an AFM probe tapping a viscoelastic surface containing multiple characteristic times

  • Enrique A. López-Guerra and
  • Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2230–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.223

Graphical Abstract
  • . As a final comment on the dissipated energy, we point out that both simulations and analytics assume that dissipation stems exclusively from viscoelastic dissipation and the adhesion force [41][42]. This neglects other sources, such as capillary forces [41], rate dependent adhesion forces, and long
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Published 26 Oct 2017

Bi-layer sandwich film for antibacterial catheters

  • Gerhard Franz,
  • Florian Schamberger,
  • Hamideh Heidari Zare,
  • Sara Felicitas Bröskamp and
  • Dieter Jocham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1982–2001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.199

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  • during heating of the precursor, and exponential decrease of the layer thickness along the capillary, have been solved trough the application of a simple electrochemical reaction and two standard principles of physics: Papin’s pot and the principle of Le Chatelier. Keywords: catheters; chemical vapor
  • polymer, which will be subsequently formed to an infinite catheter (capillary) by extruding, with an active reagent or developing a coating of the interior and exterior side of the capillary. For the first alternative, it is imperative that the active species must not be coated by the organic polymer, so
  • pastry that was subjected to the extruding process, yielding randomly distributed silver particles in the wall of the capillary (Figure 1). The charm of this technique is its simplicity which offers potential for a large production scale, and large numbers are demanded by the market. Although it was
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Published 22 Sep 2017

Self-assembly of chiral fluorescent nanoparticles based on water-soluble L-tryptophan derivatives of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene

  • Pavel L. Padnya,
  • Irina A. Khripunova,
  • Olga A. Mostovaya,
  • Timur A. Mukhametzyanov,
  • Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
  • Vyacheslav V. Vorobev,
  • Yuri N. Osin and
  • Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1825–1835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.184

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  • analysis was performed on Perkin–Elmer 2400 Series II instruments. Mass spectra (ESI) were recorded on an AmaZonX mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Germany). The drying gas was nitrogen at 300 °С. The capillary voltage was 4.5 kV. The samples were dissolved in acetonitrile (concentration ≈10−6 g/mL
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Published 04 Sep 2017

Uptake and intracellular accumulation of diamond nanoparticles – a metabolic and cytotoxic study

  • Antonín Brož,
  • Lucie Bačáková,
  • Pavla Štenclová,
  • Alexander Kromka and
  • Štěpán Potocký

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1649–1657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.165

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  • diamond nanoparticles The size of the ND particles and their zeta potential was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements in water at 25 °C using a Nano-ZetaSizer (Malvern, UK) equipped with an He-Ne laser. A separate disposable folded capillary cell was used for each set of ND
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Published 10 Aug 2017

Cationic PEGylated polycaprolactone nanoparticles carrying post-operation docetaxel for glioma treatment

  • Cem Varan and
  • Erem Bilensoy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1446–1456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.144

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  • Malvern NanoZS (Malvern Instruments, UK). All formulations were measured at a scattering angle of 173° at a temperature 25 °C (n = 3). The surface charge of the nanoparticles was determined by using a disposable capillary cell with the Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS at room temperature (n = 3). Physical
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Published 12 Jul 2017

Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

  • Julia Patzsch,
  • Deepu J. Babu and
  • Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

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  • which was identified as SiO2 by EDX analysis. Obviously, a small amount of the oxide particles is completely embedded in the molten PS fibres during the thermal treatment so that a complete etching by HF is not possible. With the observed capillary condensation at high relative pressure, the adsorption
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Published 24 May 2017

The integration of graphene into microelectronic devices

  • Guenther Ruhl,
  • Sebastian Wittmann,
  • Matthias Koenig and
  • Daniel Neumaier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.107

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  • methods are using a catalytic metal layer, one approach is the in situ removal of the metal layer between graphene and dielectric substrate by wet etching. In order to attach the graphene film to the substrate an additional adhesion mechanism has to be involved. One approach is the use of capillary forces
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Published 15 May 2017

Assembly of metallic nanoparticle arrays on glass via nanoimprinting and thin-film dewetting

  • Sun-Kyu Lee,
  • Sori Hwang,
  • Yoon-Kee Kim and
  • Yong-Jun Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1049–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.106

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  • void edges due to capillary-driven diffusion, and is completed with the formation of particles [35][36]. On a silicon template with inverted pyramidal pits (lightly oxidized to form 10 nm thick silica), however, the pits in the template modulate in the curvature of the as-deposited film, which induces
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Published 12 May 2017

Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO2 nanorods

  • Romana Cerc Korošec,
  • Polona Umek,
  • Alexandre Gloter,
  • Jana Padežnik Gomilšek and
  • Peter Bukovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1032–1042, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.104

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  • by coupling the TGA/DSC1 Instrument with a quadrupole mass spectrometer Thermostar (Balzers). In this case, the initial mass of the sample was around 5 mg. Evolved gases were transferred via heated quartz capillary (T = 190 °C) to the entrance of the mass spectrometer. X-ray diffractograms of the
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Published 10 May 2017

Bio-inspired micro-to-nanoporous polymers with tunable stiffness

  • Julia Syurik,
  • Ruth Schwaiger,
  • Prerna Sudera,
  • Stephan Weyand,
  • Siegbert Johnsen,
  • Gabriele Wiegand and
  • Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 906–914, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.92

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  • storage modulus; Introduction Functional adaptation through porous structures is widely present in nature [1]. Natural structures are often made of hierarchical porous networks, serving mainly for passive mechanical functions [1][2][3], but also for capillary channels and membranes [1]. Nature offers
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Published 21 Apr 2017
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