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Search for "cell viability" in Full Text gives 160 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air–blood barrier model
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 517–528, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.54
- ® in the well was 0.04 mg/mL. Cytotoxicity, determination of cell viability: The viability of the cells was determined as described in our previous studies [9][10][11] using the CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS, Promega, G3582). After nanoparticle incubation, medium was
- differences occurred for aSNP–plain at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Cell viability decreased significantly after addition of 0.04 mg/mL Alveofact® to the well at an aSNP–plain concentration of 100 µg/mL (without Alveofact®: 77.9 ± 6.7% of uc; with Alveofact®: 53 ± 10%). This result is further corroborated by
- the cell viability assay (crystal violet, without Alveofact®: 80 ± 16% of uc; with Alveofact®: 34 ± 14%)) and LDH assay (without Alveofact®: 39 ± 21% of lysis control; with Alveofact®: 95 ± 9%)). The combination of Alveofact® with the aSNP–NH2 at a concentration of 100 µg/mL also caused a
Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: polymeric nanoparticle uptake and lineage differentiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 383–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.38
- (Fluka, Buchs, Switzerland) in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2 at 37 °C. For particle uptake and cell viability experiments, cells were seeded at a density of 10,000 cells/cm2 in 6-well plates (Greiner Bio, Frickenhausen, Germany). After adherence, the cells were incubated with 300 µg/mL nanoparticles
- for 24 h and analyzed by flow cytometry. Flow cytometry Particle uptake, cell viability, and CD marker staining were measured with a flow cytometer (FACS Canto II, BD, Heidelberg, Germany). The cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline without calcium (PBS−, Invitrogen) and incubated with 28.6
Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28
- field of nanoparticles, many studies demonstrated a high impact of the shape, size and surface charge, which is determined by the functionalization, of nanoparticles on cell viability and internalization into cells. This work focused on the comparison of three different nanoparticle types to give a
- endothelial cells were found for nanoparticles with an elongated shape in comparison to spherical ones. Furthermore, a positively charged nanoparticle surface (NH2, CyA) leads to the strongest reduction in cell viability, whereas neutral and negatively charged nanoparticles are highly biocompatible to
- nanoparticles on endothelial cells. Our findings will help to design new nanoparticles with optimized properties concerning biocompatibility and uptake behavior with respect to the respective intended application. Keywords: cell viability; gold nanoparticles; internalization; Janus particles; quantum dots
The effect of surface charge on nonspecific uptake and cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 281–292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.26
- membrane permeability assays. We demonstrate that these methods, however, can overlook other more subtle impacts on cell viability and metabolism caused by binding of QDs to cellular compartments, without release of Cd2+ ions. In the present study, we use a noninvasive and label-free impedance setup to
Oxygen-plasma-modified biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds for enhanced compatibility of cardiovascular implants
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 254–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.24
- performed to study the resistance of the plasma-treated scaffolds to plastic deformation. Lastly, the cell studies indicated that all scaffolds were cytocompatible, with the plasma-treated ones expressing a more pronounced cell viability and adhesion. All the above findings demonstrate the great potential
- scaffolds. Cell viability assay MTT cell viability assay was performed to the unmodified along with the plasma-treated (P = 20 W) scaffold, in order to evaluate the effect of the surface modification on the cellular performance of the fabricated samples in terms of cell viability. The cells used in the
- the fabricated systems were found to be cytocompatible after a period of seven days and exhibited cell viability levels similar to those of the control group. An enhancement in the cell viability (ca. 10%) can be observed in the case of the treated PCL scaffolds after seven days. The improved cellular
Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.23
- to investigate their possible effects on normal neuronal cells in vitro. It was found that the synthesized nanohybrid did not compromise the cell viability and the PC12 cells remained stable throughout the experiments up to 72 h after treatment. Keywords: carboxylic acid-functionalized single-walled
- widely believed that the main contributor which induces PD is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and thus, it is crucial to establish a preliminary understanding of the effect of CNTs action on neuronal cells. As shown in Figure 7A, we observed a reduction in PC12 cell viability after treatment
- with the free drug (LD) in a dose- and time-dependent manner at concentrations of 0 μg mL−1 (control) to 50 μg mL−1. The LD compound demonstrates a sustained decrease in cell viability with increasing concentration at each time point. This observation is comparable with the results published by
Mechanical properties of MDCK II cells exposed to gold nanorods
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 223–231, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.21
- /bjnano.6.21 Abstract Background: The impact of gold nanoparticles on cell viability has been extensively studied in the past. Size, shape and surface functionalization including opsonization of gold particles ranging from a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers are among the most crucial parameters
- (DNA, proteins, antibodies) with functional groups using self-assembly techniques relying on gold–thiol interaction. Since these NPs are engineered to interact with living cells it is essential to prove if there is no adverse impact on cell viability [5][10]. Prerequisite for successful medical
- applications is the design of biocompatible NPs that do not impair with cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion. Therefore assessing the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles is pivotal for nanoparticle research in general [11]. In vitro nanocytotoxicity studies are therefore necessary to minimize possible risks
Caveolin-1 and CDC42 mediated endocytosis of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in HeLa cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 167–176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.16
- numbers were observed, which confirmed no severe impact of the treatment on cell viability within the observation period. Quantitative iron analysis For quantitative determination of iron, which was taken up by cells and not attached to the plastic surface or to the outer cell membrane, cells were washed
Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9
- , 100 µg/mL of GC–BNNTs significantly decreased the cell viability. It was also found that the ROS production was not significant [74]. The hemolytic and cytotoxic effects of pure BNNTs on the malignant U87 (wild type p53), T98 (mutant p53) glioblastoma, MCF-7 adenocarcinoma mammary gland cells and
- related to the cell type and the ability to perform endocytosis [77]. The morphology and viability of the GC–BNNTs-exposed HUVECs cells were also investigated [71]. The cells were incubated at increasing concentrations of GC–BNNTs for 48 and 72 h. The cell morphology and cell viability by amido black
- for such an improvement was attributed to the formation of BNNT bridges among the polymeric structures. Figure 7 shows such structures as marked in red. When the osteoblast cell viability was evaluated with respect to the BNNT–PLC composite, and compared only to PLC, an increased cell viability was
Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257
- , cell adherence alone was not an adequate marker of cell viability, because due to the complexation properties of CTAB, the outer cell structure might have been fixed by the surfactant, which preserved the shape, while proliferation was prohibited. In order to have a reliable measure on viability, a
Proinflammatory and cytotoxic response to nanoparticles in precision-cut lung slices
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2440–2449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.253
- polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated Ag-NPs under submerged culture conditions in vitro. ZnO-NPs (NM110) served as ‘soluble’ and quartz particles (Min-U-Sil) as ‘non-soluble’ control particles. After 4 and 24 h, the cell viability and the release of proinflammatory cytokines was measured. In addition, multiphoton
- microscopy was employed to assess the localization of Ag-NPs in PCLS after 24 h of incubation. Exposure of PCLS to ZnO-NPs for 4 and 24 h resulted in a strong decrease in cell viability, while quartz particles had no cytotoxic effect. Moreover, only a slight cytotoxic response was detected by LDH release
- staining, and WST-1 assay. As LDH is present in the cytoplasm of cells, detection of LDH in the culture medium of PCLS indicates a loss of cell membrane integrity. Therefore, LDH release is a direct measure of a cytotoxic response or an indirect measure of cell viability. As displayed in Figure 1, the LDH
Functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as a platform for studying bio–nano interactions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2403–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.250
- treatment with positively charged PS-NH2 particles (Figure 3). We have previously shown that neither PS-COOH nor PS-NH2 polystyrene nanoparticles affect cell viability when added to cells only for one day [43]. In addition, PS-COOH particles exhibit no toxic effect on macrophages, THP-1 or differentiated
- stained with acridine orange (AO) and analyzed by flow cytometry. M1 gating was used to assess the number of AOlow cells with leaky lysosomes. (B) Analysis of cell viability. Cells were treated as in (A) and analyzed by XTT assay. Results are mean ± SEM, n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Acknowledgements
Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2388–2397, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.248
- cells [20]. Typically, live cells are immersed in a medium supplemented with blood serum to ensure cell viability. NPs in the medium form a biomolecular adsorption layer that depends on the composition of the medium. Therefore, the outcome of these experiments strongly depends on the choice of medium
Interaction of dermatologically relevant nanoparticles with skin cells and skin
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2363–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.245
- cellular uptake, including optical microscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray microscopy on cells and tissue sections, flow cytometry of isolated skin cells as well as Raman microscopy on whole tissue blocks. In order to assess the biological relevance of such findings, cell viability and free radical
- influence of AgNP exposure on cell viability, we investigated the influence of AgNP on cell metabolism in HaCaT cells by the XTT assay based on 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxid (Figure 4a). Interestingly, the XTT signal increased in cells incubated
- with low concentrations of Ag (<20 µg/mL) but it decreased for cells incubated with 40 µg/mL. When the serum concentration in the cell culture media was reduced below the required amount of 9%, all concentrations of AgNP induced a reduction in cell viability. This finding is relevant with regard to
Coating with luminal gut-constituents alters adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2308–2315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.239
- and to the environment have been of interest for some time [3][4][5]. Also, numerous in vitro, less in vivo studies and some case reports described adverse effects caused by NPs on cell viability, protein functions and DNA stability as well as other cell and tissue impairments [6][7][8][9][10]. In the
- , the transwell filters were embedded in Mowiol-Dabco (10% (w/w) Mowiol 4-88, 25% (w/w) glycerol, 2.5% (w/w) 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.5) on object slides. In all binding studies, cell viability was assessed by microscopical inspection of cell morphology after every incubation
Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214
- in hMSCs at an early time-point (day 10) after osteogenic induction in the presence of Ag-NP [49]. The authors found no differences with respect to control cells without Ag-NP exposure, although a decrease in cell viability was also observed at Ag-NP concentrations ≥10 μg·mL−1. Pauksch et al
- were compared with cells cultured without differentiation medium in the presence of RPMI/10% FCS and Ag-NP/Ag+ ions and with cells incubated without Ag-NPs/ Ag+ ions in the presence of the differentiation medium alone (100% differentiation). Measurement of cell viability The viability of the incubated
PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205
Imaging the intracellular degradation of biodegradable polymer nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.201
- specified concentrations. Flow cytometry Flow cytometry was used for quantification of intracellular nanoparticles and for the analysis of cell viability. Similar to the procedures previously described [26], adherent cells were detached by trypsin (Gibco, Germany) and seeded in α-MEM at a density of 100 000
- , flow cytometry measurements revealed that the same magnetite-labeled PLLA particles did not affect the viability of the MSCs. This has been shown in our previous works [27]. PLLA particles with an even higher iron concentration did not affect the cell viability over a period of 6 days. Confocal laser
Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196
- slightly affected cell viability, even for a concentration of about 400 μg/mL. Schrand and co-workers [70][71][72] extensively studied this issue through standard in vitro cell viability assays (i.e., MTT) and also monitored adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and ROS generation. They found that
Biocompatibility of cerium dioxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles with endothelial cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1795–1807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.190
- ng/mL, 10 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL) for defined incubation times (3, 24, 48 and 72 h). Afterwards, the cells were washed with Hank’s BSS (PAA Laboratories GmbH, Austria) and the CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega GmbH, Germany) was carried out according to the manufacturer’s
The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188
- were shown to exhibit a dose-dependent cytotoxicity, whereas PEGylated poly(organosiloxane) NPs do not reduce the cell viability [16]. As emphasized in the introductory part of the results section, verification of the nanomaterial properties in biologically relevant media is crucial to correlate the
Influence of surface-modified maghemite nanoparticles on in vitro survival of human stem cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1732–1737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.183
- [30]. The concentration-dependent effect of D-mannose- and PDMAAm-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the cell viability was determined after incubation for 72 h and compared with the cells in the absence of nanoparticles (control experiment). All investigated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles exhibited a cytotoxic
Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173
- properties have been described as beneficial applications in nanomedicine [17][18][19]. On the other hand, oxidative stress and impaired cell viability were shown to be a function of the particle dose and the exposure time [1][20]. However, most of the studies concerning the interaction of silica and ceria
In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far?
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1477–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.161
- geometry, in which the culture medium is on top of the cells, a reduced colloidal stability leads to the precipitation of NP agglomerates onto the cells and, thus, to enhanced uptake, which can influence the cell viability negatively [89]. Such different exposure scenarios are highly relevant for the
Protein-coated pH-responsive gold nanoparticles: Microwave-assisted synthesis and surface charge-dependent anticancer activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1452–1462, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.158
- also observed in the UV–vis studies for the blank proteins (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). Cell viability after exposure to AuNPs To investigate the cell viability after the exposure to AuNPs, MTT assays were conducted with mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) by treating them with AuNPs
- samples prepared by using different proteins (Figure 4A). Exposure to AuNPs resulted in different cell viability values based on the protein used for capping. The OVA-coated AuNPs had the highest IC50 value, and HIS-AuNPs had the lowest. From the zeta potential titration studies (Figure 3), HIS-AuNPs had
- of the different AuNPs revealed that the cell viabilities after exposure to the AuNPs decreased with increasing IEP values. Therefore, the HIS-AuNPs, which had an IEP value of 10.58, resulted in the lowest cell viability, leading to high toxicity. The OVA-AuNPs, which had an IEP value of 5.08
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