Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• Republic). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was measured on a Zetasizer Nano-ZS Model ZEN3600 (Malvern Instruments; Malvern, UK) providing hydrodynamic diameter Dh and polydispersity PI. UV–vis spectra were recorded on a Specord 250 Plus spectrophotometer (Analytic Jena; Jena, Germany). Cytotoxicity studies

Non-agglomerated silicon–organic nanoparticles and their nanocomplexes with oligonucleotides: synthesis and properties

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Nadezhda V. Shikina,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Svetlana A. Yashnik,
• Dmitrii V. Semenov,
• Yulia I. Savinovskaya,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova,
• Inna A. Pyshnaya and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2516–2525, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.234

• particle size detected by AFM. Reasonable results on the diameter of the studied particles were obtained by dynamic light scattering (Table 1 and Table 2), which allows measurement of the particle size in solution (without effects of the drying process, which most likely leads to polymerization and

• agglomeration of the particles). The zeta potential of the studied samples was evaluated by phase analysis light scattering. The value of zeta potential of Si–NH2 is positive due to positively charged amino groups in neutral medium. When the nanoparticles were bound to an oligonucleotide, the zeta potential

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• with an approximate diameter of 160–180 nm was confirmed by different methods. The physicochemical characterization of the synthesized CaP@5-FU NPs was done with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier

• improves the efficacy of the treatment in real time and reduces the nonspecific toxicity. Particle size determination by dynamic light scattering The diameter of the synthesized CaP@5-FU NPs was analysed with dynamic light scattering and a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 198 ± 33.67 nm was determined (Figure

Directional light beams by design from electrically driven elliptical slit antennas

• Shuiyan Cao,
• Eric Le Moal,
• Quanbo Jiang,
• Aurélien Drezet,
• Serge Huant,
• Jean-Paul Hugonin,
• Gérald Dujardin and
• Elizabeth Boer-Duchemin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2361–2371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.221

• consequences: The SPP-to-light scattering efficiency is the same all along the slit, and the polarization of the scattered light is purely radial (see Figure 9b,c). This is in contrast to the elliptical slit antenna where the distance between the SPP source (located at one focus) and the slit depends on the

• case of an ellipse and excitation at a focus, this angle will vary as a function of position on the slit. As a result, except along the major axis, the SPP wave does not meet the slit orthogonally. Consequently, the SPP-to-light scattering efficiency is likely to vary as a function of position along

• the slit. In addition, the fact that the SPP propagation is not orthogonal to the slit has an effect on the polarization of the scattered light. SPP-to-light scattering at the slit essentially relies on the excitation of surface plasmons that oscillate in the plane of the sample in the direction

Performance analysis of rigorous coupled-wave analysis and its integration in a coupled modeling approach for optical simulation of complete heterojunction silicon solar cells

• Ziga Lokar,
• Benjamin Lipovsek,
• Marko Topic and
• Janez Krc

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2315–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.216

• conversion efficiency of solar cells. Such techniques aim to improve the coupling of light into the structure (e.g., antireflective coatings and nanostructures at the front side of solar cells) and the light trapping ability of the structure (e.g., nano- and micrometer size textures for light scattering and

• into solar cells [1][2][3][4][5]. The use of different techniques for the wet and dry etching of Si wafers [6] in combination with thermal or UV nanoimprint lithography [6][7] has opened new potential for design of (nano)textures with superior antireflection, light scattering and trapping properties

• wavelength region. The differences in the long-wavelength region of A are a consequence of light scattering on the front nanotexture, enhancing the light trapping effect in the structure. With the results shown in Figure 8a, we exploit the potential of efficient simulation of the cell with RCWA and proceed

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• and FTIR. Its molecular weight was measured by static light scattering (SLS) and MALDI-TOF. In the 1H NMR spectrum of 3 signals of ethyleneoxy and methoxy groups at 3.65 and 3.37 ppm, respectively, are observed; signals of bridged methylidene groups and aromatic groups are very broad (Figure 1b). Also

• using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and a the bimodal particle size distribution of 3 was observed in aqueous solution. The detailed DLS data are presented in Table S1, Supporting Information File 1. In Figure 3a the intensity-averaged size distribution is presented. It shows that in the solution are

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• TiO2, we conducted SEM under low magnification and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2 shows low magnification SEM images and the DLS results of as-synthesized amorphous TiO2 particles which were prepared by using a volume ratio of EtOH/ACN of 3:1, and

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• equipped with STARe 9.3 software (Mettler Toledo, OH, USA). The glass-transition temperature of the nanocomposites was determined on a Mettler Toledo DSC1 instrument. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to measure the distribution of the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticle. The room temperature

• of the NP-PMMA-3, where the concentration of the NP-MMA was the highest, indicate the relatively high content of the PMMA chains connecting several neighboring nanoparticles. The size of the NP-PMMA-3 nanoparticles and the free PMMA chains were probed using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Two

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• index (PDI) of 0.23 according to dynamic light scattering (DLS) data (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1, Table S1). Hereafter, we studied only the particles formed using this ratio. The nanoparticles were purified by dialysis, washed with acetone and dried to give p(SRA-B) with 66% yield. The

• diameter of p(SRA-B) is about 130 nm as evident from atomic force microscopy (AFM) images (Figure 1). The average molecular weight determined by static light scattering (SLS) measurements, is about 1600 ± 90 kDa (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2). In the IR spectrum of p(SRA-B), the band

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

• Silvia Rizzato,
• Elisabetta Primiceri,
• Anna Grazia Monteduro,
• Adriano Colombelli,
• Angelo Leo,
• Maria Grazia Manera,
• Roberto Rella and
• Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

• excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) results in strong light scattering and absorption as well as enhanced electromagnetic fields in proximity of the metal structures. These properties are strongly dependent on particles size, geometry and distribution. As an example, applications based

Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• size was found with methoxy-terminated chains (24.5 ± 0.6 Å versus 20.7 ± 0.2 Å for carboxylic acid-terminated and 21.8 ± 0.3 Å for amino-terminated NPs). Interestingly, those results were consistent with experimental results measured by dynamic light scattering [34]. Nevertheless, since an all-atom

Formation and development of nanometer-sized cybotactic clusters in bent-core nematic liquid crystalline compounds

• Yuri P. Panarin,
• Sithara P. Sreenilayam,
• Jagdish K. Vij,
• Anne Lehmann and
• Carsten Tschierske

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1288–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.121

• above the isotropic–nematic transition temperature. The latter observation arises as seeds of cybotactic clusters are formed in the isotropic phase. Small clusters have also been observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) [57]. The strength of this process is observed to increase with a reduction in

Surface characterization of nanoparticles using near-field light scattering

• Eunsoo Yoo,
• Yizhong Liu,
• Chukwuazam A. Nwasike,
• Sebastian R. Freeman,
• Brian C. DiPaolo,
• Bernardo Cordovez and
• Amber L. Doiron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1228–1238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.114

• using near-field light scattering. The local scattering intensity is correlated with the distance between the particle and waveguide, which is affected by the size of the particle (coating thickness) as well as the interactions between the particle and waveguide (related to the zeta potential of the

• coating). Therefore, we report here the use of near-field light scattering using nanophotonic force microscopy (using a NanoTweezerTM instrument, Halo Labs) to determine the changes that occurred in hydrated particle characteristics, which is accompanied by an analytical model. Furthermore, we found that

• reaction kinetics at the particle surface. Keywords: nanoparticle surface properties; nanoparticles; nanophotonic force microscopy; near-field light scattering; superparamagnetic iron oxide; Introduction Nanotechnology is an increasingly integral part of modern medicine, predominantly in the fields of

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• . They are here identified as NP@silica@APTES. The morphology and chemical composition of these nanoparticles was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) in addition to dynamic light scattering (DLS). In Figure 1A

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• inks, filtrates were collected at each dilution step for both purification methods. For small volume, 0.5 mL of ASNP inks were collected at each dilution step while the collected filtrate was 2 mL. Nanoparticle characterisation Particle size Particle sizes were determined by dynamic light scattering

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• characterized by means of UV–vis, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The optical performance showed an outstanding ability for imaging purposes, with quantum yields up to 43.6%. Thus, the cytotoxicity of the above

• xenon discharge lamp, 1 cm quartz cell at room temperature. For all the fluorescence measurements, excitation and emission slit widths were kept at 5 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential studies were performed on a Horiba nanoPartica SZ-100 instrument (Horiba Scientific, USA). For this

High-contrast and reversible scattering switching via hybrid metal-dielectric metasurfaces

• Jonathan Ward,
• Khosro Zangeneh Kamali,
• Lei Xu,
• Guoquan Zhang,
• Andrey E. Miroshnichenko and
• Mohsen Rahmani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 460–467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.44

• ]. Kerker et al. demonstrated that light scattering can be completely suppressed in certain directions from a subwavelength scatterer when the electric and magnetic responses are of the same order (ε = μ) [22]. This causes destructive interference in the backward propagation direction and is known as the

• during the heating process. As can be seen, there is a further redshift with increasing temperature, providing unique control on the light scattering from such hybrid metasurface. Take λ = 1235 nm as an example, Figure 4b shows the related transmission with increasing temperature during the heating

• investigated the THG process in such hybrid meta-dielectric metasurface, and have achieved multi-fold enhancement of THG based on the well-designed hybrid resonance during the heating process. Our hybrid metasurface provides much more flexibility for the control of light scattering, which serves as an

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• light scattering. Also, a lower irradiation intensity is required to perform the photocatalytic reaction in the gas phase [8][49]. Degradation mechanism Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the Nd-modified TiO2 could be effectively excited by irradiation with visible light. To explore

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• close to the sol formation limit. The materials, produced at various annealing temperatures from the intercalated samples, were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)/thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements

• TiO2-pillared MM with the commercial photocatalyst Degussa P25 upon degradation of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes in aqueous solution. SEM image of the surface of original MM. The fluorescence spectrum of an intercalating solution of titanium polyhydroxo complexes. The dynamic light

• scattering (DLS) spectrum. Basal distance d001 of the MM, Ti-MM, TiO2-PMMх, and TiO2-PMMHх samples (see Experimental section for abbreviations). Average crystallite size and phase composition of the TiO2-PMMНx samples (see Experimental sections for a description of the sample names). Average values of the

Electrical properties of a liquid crystal dispersed in an electrospun cellulose acetate network

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Octavian Danila,
• Pedro L. Almeida and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 155–163, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.18

• to the refractive index of the polymeric matrix, creating a constant optical path for the incident light along the surface of the PDLC sample, reducing the light scattering to a minimum and increasing the transmission of light to a maximum. PDLC films have many interesting applications in

• switching cycles. Conclusion CA electrospun nanofibers were deposited onto ITO-coated glass and an electro-optic cell was formed by two such glass plates with fibers in between. By filling in the nematic liquid crystal E7 a light scattering device with a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal was obtained

Electro-optical characteristics of a liquid crystal cell with graphene electrodes

• Nune H. Hakobyan,
• Hakob L. Margaryan,
• Valeri K. Abrahamyan,
• Vladimir M. Aroutiounian,
• Arpi S. Dilanchian Gharghani,
• Amalya B. Kostanyan,
• Timothy D. Wilkinson and
• Nelson Tabirian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2802–2806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.279

• unmatched response of the LC molecules to the sharp forced impact of the electric field and the appearance of nonviscous flow (the oscillations fade away due to the strong light scattering). By the end of the pulse action, the system tends towards ordered restoration (restoration of the reorientation

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO₄ with W doping

• Xin Zhao and
• Zhong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2640–2647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.264

• carrier collection pathways, an increased volume ratio between depletion layer and bulk, enhanced light capture due to multiple light scattering in nanostructures, and a high surface area for photochemical conversion reactions. In this study, we describe the synthesis of morphology-controlled W-doped

• chemical reactions and enhance light capture due to multiple light scattering within the nanostructures [11][12][13]. Many research works have been reported for enhanced PEC water splitting performances using nanostructured BiVO4 [5][6][12][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, most of them require complex

Nanoprofilometry study of focal conic domain structures in a liquid crystalline free surface

• Anna N. Bagdinova,
• Evgeny I. Demikhov,
• Nataliya G. Borisenko and
• Sergei M. Tolokonnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2544–2551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.254

• profilometer was not able register a reasonable picture because of the lack of back-scattered light intensity. At thicknesses of less than 5 μm, a change in the shape of the sample takes place: a uniform surface has the tendency to break into smaller islands. This leads to an increase in the light scattering

Refractive index sensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using silver–gold layered bimetallic plasmonic crystals

• Somi Kang,
• Sean E. Lehman,
• Matthew V. Schulmerich,
• An-Phong Le,
• Tae-woo Lee,
• Stephen K. Gray,
• Rohit Bhargava and
• Ralph G. Nuzzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2492–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.249

• /30 nm Au (Ag20Au30), 30 nm Ag/20 nm Au (Ag30Au20), and 40 nm Ag/10 nm Au (Ag40Au10). Figure 1d presents optical images of an entire series of PCs with varying compositions of Ag and Au. The sixteen squares (4 × 4 mm2) given on each plasmonic substrate exhibit distinctive colors due to light

• scattering from the nanohole arrays according to the different design rules, with periodicities ranging from 0.49 to 1.75 μm and corresponding hole diameters ranging from 0.17 to 1.12 μm. The color changes seen, from the typical color of bulk Au to that of Ag, follow an intuitive trend as the ratio of Ag in

Strategy to discover full-length amyloid-beta peptide ligands using high-efficiency microarray technology

• Clelia Galati,
• Natalia Spinella,
• Lucio Renna,
• Danilo Milardi,
• Francesco Attanasio,
• Michele Francesco Maria Sciacca and
• Corrado Bongiorno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2446–2453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.243

• peptides only very weak signals (Figure S2A, Supporting Information File 1) were detected, deriving from the light scattering of salts contained in the phosphate buffer used to prepare the peptide spotting solution, and no bright spots were detected after the blocking step (Figure S2B, Supporting