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Search for "dissolution" in Full Text gives 282 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267
- SP-300 potentiostat/galvanostat (Bio-Logic Science Instrument, France) in the frequency range of 20 kHz–10 mHz at zero potential with an amplitude of 10 mV. Results and Discussion Material structure The SEM analysis of the samples, obtained after dissolution of the MgO support, evidenced the co
Surfactant-induced enhancement of droplet adhesion in superhydrophobic soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2345–2356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.234
- -soluble herbicides [31]. Numerical values of HLB range from zero to twenty. For a few species and adjuvants, a dissolution or structural alteration of epicuticular wax has been described [32][33][34]. Here we studied the influence of six surfactants with different HLB values on the epicuticular wax
- surfactants were caused by dissolution of the EWCs as shown in Figure 5. SBO 10 and XP ED 28-14 showed a reduction in density and height of the EWC from approximately 1–1.2 µm to below 0.5 µm (Figure 5A,F) compared to the water-treated leaf surfaces (Figure 1D). The most prominent changes in the EWC structure
- were found within a single leaf and correlated to wax crystal density, whereby a less dense layer of wax crystals led to lower CAs. The fast dissolution of the epicuticular wax (here investigated over a time period of 4 min) correlates with an increase in the droplet adhesion, as shown by the increase
Tailoring the nanoscale morphology of HKUST-1 thin films via codeposition and seeded growth
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2307–2314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.230
- stable after initial formation when the sample was maintained in the DMSO codeposition solution. However, the film thickness increase observed for the 48 h sample may suggest that film growth reoccurred after dissolution of the initial crystallites. This revealed a dynamic process at the interface that
Vapor-based polymers: from films to nanostructures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2219–2220, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.221
- character of vapor-based coatings can furthermore be used to create nanostructures. Balkan et al. report the formation of coaxial nanotubes by the consecutive deposition of polyaniline and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) on a template with mesoscopic pores [8]. The dissolution of the template results in the
Surface functionalization of 3D-printed plastics via initiated chemical vapor deposition
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1629–1636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.162
- dissolution of the polymer coating, the lattice coated with P(HEMA-co-EGDA) was soaked in water for three days and then was dried and placed back into the water, whereupon it sank, demonstrating the retention of its hydrophilicity. To study the limitations of the iCVD process for coating macro-scale plastics
Oxidative chemical vapor deposition of polyaniline thin films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1266–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.128
- was possible. However, the ease of dissolution further supports our earlier conclusion that these conditions led to films that were primarily soluble oligomers. SEM and XPS of as-deposited and washed oCVD PANI films Given that the base case condition (Table 1) seems to have yielded the preferred
AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots with near-IR photoluminescence
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1156–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.117
- ) before [22], which should be more stable than our new precursor, namely a AgCl solution in trioctylphosphine (TOP). Ag4Cl4(PPh3)4 was added to the reaction mass in solid state without prior dissolution. There were some problems with setting the exact Ag to Cd ratio and with achieving a high concentration
- different mechanisms that could explain this process including dissolution of TPs, melting of TPs, Ostwald ripening and, which seems the most probable, their combinations. Some of these processes would lead to highly defective structures. XRF analysis and EDX/TEM imaging During storage of the samples a
ZnO nanoparticles sensitized by CuInZnxS2+x quantum dots as highly efficient solar light driven photocatalysts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1080–1093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.110
- dissolved in an OA/ODE mixture (4.1 mmol/10 mmol, respectively) at 100 °C under nitrogen. The solution was maintained at 80 °C after dissolution of the reagents. After 20 min of CIS core growth, a first portion of Zn2+-OA/ODE mixture (0.5 mL) was injected into the crude core solution maintained at 210 °C
The integration of graphene into microelectronic devices
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.107
- the type of metal removal. The first approach is based on the removal of the metal layer during the CVD process by evaporation [26] or agglomeration [27]. However, the evaporation process lowers the graphene quality. The other approach is the implementation of a dissolution–precipitation mechanism of
- carbon in nickel at high temperatures and removing the metal after the deposition process. Here carbon is introduced into Ni by deposition of C/Ni sandwich layers or by ion implantation [28] or dissolution of carbon into nickel in a plasma-enhanced CVD process [29]. Upon heating up to about 1000 °C
Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101
- consideration of various issues that include, but are not limited to the: behavior of ENMs in various media (e.g., dissolution, agglomeration/aggregation, adsorption); persistence (techniques to predict aspects of degradation of certain ENMs; transportation/distribution; predicted environmental concentrations
- with an aspect ratio less than 3:1, a length greater than 5 μm, a diameter less than 3 μm, and an aqueous dissolution rate (suggesting biopersistence) greater than 100 mg/L or a pulmonary half-life upon intratracheal instillation greater than or equal to 40 days. Passive ENMs are those materials
- particle size, surface area, composition, crystallinity, and surface chemistry); system-dependent properties (e.g., dissolution rate in biological simulation fluid (BSF), release of toxic ions, size in relevant media and dispersibility); biopersistence (e.g., property of the ENM to persist in a cell
Liquid permeation and chemical stability of anodic alumina membranes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 561–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.60
- penetrant solution and increases in basic media. According to 27Al NMR and thermogravimetry results, the degradation of the membranes is associated with the dissolution of water-soluble [Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12]7+ polyhydroxocomplexes and their further redeposition in the form of [Al(OH)4]−, resulting in
- channels blocking. This process intensifies in basic pH due to the high positive charge of the anodic alumina surface. An approach for improving anodic aluminum oxide stability towards dissolution in water by carbon CVD coating of the membrane walls is suggested. Keywords: anodic alumina; carbon-modified
- deionized water was used in experiments, we suggested that the degradation of the membrane occurred by dissolution of the anodic aluminum oxide and its further redeposition on the pore walls. For a detailed determination of the anodic alumina degradation mechanism, chemical dissolution and buffered solution
Copper atomic-scale transistors
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 530–538, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.57
- the stabilizing procedure, the gate electrode is disconnected from the ground and electrically suspended in the electrolyte in order to prevent copper dissolution from the gate during the following training procedure. The third step is the training and switching procedure, which is similar to the one
- the drain is virtually grounded via an operation amplifier. A bias voltage (Ubias) is applied on the source electrode. Electrochemical deposition/dissolution is realized by changing the potential on the counter electrode. At the beginning of the experiment the electrochemical potential is set to 350
- microscope objective was contacted with a drop of copper electrolyte (CuSO4 (4 mM) + H2SO4 (0.1 M)), and a copper wire serving as a counter electrode was partially immersed in the electrolyte. Electrochemical deposition/dissolution processes on the microelectrodes were observed in situ with a confocal
Role of oxygen in wetting of copper nanoparticles on silicon surfaces at elevated temperature
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 425–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.45
- galvanic displacement reaction proceeds easily. This dissolution of Si in water from the surface as SiF62− increases the Si surface roughness during the deposition. In several studies, copper oxide on different substrates have been grown by the direct thermal oxidation of Cu. Pure copper oxide has been
Nanoscale isoindigo-carriers: self-assembly and tunable properties
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.34
- (SDS, CTAB, Tween 80) concentrations above the CMC, an increase in absorption occurs for the compounds 2a and 3. Likely, the dissolution of short-chain dialkylated isoindigo derivative 2a and monoalkylated isoindigo derivative 3 in micellar surfactant solutions is due to the formation of different
Influence of hydrofluoric acid treatment on electroless deposition of Au clusters
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 183–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.19
- associated to dissolution of the deposited gold atoms (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3). For a better understanding of the process taking place under immersion in HF we prepared a sample with large, flat regions, obtained after a short HF pretreatment followed by an immersion for 20 s in the
Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 45–63, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.6
Annealing-induced recovery of indents in thin Au(Fe) bilayer films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2088–2099, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.199
- their subsequent dissolution. The application of the processes uncovered in this work show great potential for the patterning of thin films. Keywords: annealing; diffusion; dislocation loops; nanoindenation; thin films; Introduction The intentional introduction of defects into bulk metallic material
Facile fabrication of luminescent organic dots by thermolysis of citric acid in urea melt, and their use for cell staining and polyelectrolyte microcapsule labelling
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.182
- min, typically 120 min, see Figures 1–4 and Supporting Information File 1, Figures S5–S10, S12). Synthesis of the LbL-microcapsules decorated by O-dots Polyelectrolyte microcapsules were fabricated by using a layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, followed by dissolution of the core material as described in
- experiments conducted was five. Statistical differences within and between groups were verified using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Absorption spectra of citric acid heated in the urea melt (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 molar ratios) at 160 °C for 120 min (with subsequent dissolution of the reaction
- products in water). The control sample consisted of the product of thermal treatment of triammonium citrate (without urea) under the same conditions. Left: Maximum emission wavelengths of the products obtained by heating citric acid in the urea melt at 160 °C for 120 min (with subsequent dissolution in
Evolution of the graphite surface in phosphoric acid: an AFM and Raman study
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1878–1884, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.180
- eroded during the EC process as well as the terraces, suggesting the occurrence of graphite dissolution at these high EC potentials. Turning back to the A- and B-areas, a chemical/structural analysis of the film surface requires a spectroscopic characterization carried out by Raman. Hence, we recorded ex
Chitosan-based nanoparticles for improved anticancer efficacy and bioavailability of mifepristone
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1861–1870, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.178
- Cs [25]. Ethanol and Tween-80 (1:1 v/v) were used as the organic solvent and detergent, respectively, for MIF because of their low toxic potential and emulsifying activity for dissolution of the hydrophobic components. In the preparation process, it was reported that several factors such as Cs
- resuspended in 10 mL of dissolution media; the suspension was then put into a pretreated dialysis bag which was sealed with a dialysis bag holder. The sealed dialysis bag was put into a large beaker containing 500 mL 1% ethanol/PBS solution of pH 7.4 or pH 2.5. The solution was stirred with a magnetic stirrer
Nanostructured TiO2-based gas sensors with enhanced sensitivity to reducing gases
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1718–1726, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.164
- , decomposition of titanium hydrogenperoxy gel and amorphous titania hydrate dissolution [26]. Due to these features, acceptor intrinsic defects may occur and lead to n→p transitions [36][37]. Secondly, according to Nicoloso [38], p-type conductivity is an attribute of the surface rather than the material bulk
Properties of Ni and Ni–Fe nanowires electrochemically deposited into a porous alumina template
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1709–1717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.163
- , the detachment of alumina from the substrate was performed by Al dissolution in a saturated solution of hydrochloric acid and cupric chloride (HCl + CuCl2). Chemical dissolution of the rest of a barrier layer at the pore bottom and chemical pore widening was performed in 4 wt % Н3РО4 (30 °C) for 15
Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymers as templates for stacked, spherical large-mesopore silica coatings: dependence of silica pore size on the PS/PEO ratio
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1454–1460, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.137
- copolymer solutions. Copolymer benzene solutions (1 wt %) were stirred for 30 min to ensure complete dissolution of the copolymer. Micellar solutions were prepared by adding the desired amount of sol–gel solution to the copolymer solution. Final solutions were spin-coated onto mica sheets of 1.27 cm × 1.27
Dealloying of gold–copper alloy nanowires: From hillocks to ring-shaped nanopores
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1361–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.127
- completely surrounded by the electrolyte resulting in an increased dissolution of copper from the alloy. As a consequence, ring-shaped pores appear around the hillocks and the diameter of the latter drops from 150 to 115 nm. When increasing the dealloying voltage to 0.4 V, for 18 atom % of gold (Figure 5c
- substrate was fixed to 5 rpm. Electrochemical dealloying process The porous gold nanowires were prepared by electrochemical dealloying of Au–Cu alloy nanowires. These experiments consist in the selective dissolution of Cu by an anodic process. All experiments were performed with a Biologic SP-300
Preparation of alginate–chitosan–cyclodextrin micro- and nanoparticles loaded with anti-tuberculosis compounds
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1208–1218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.112
- surface-area-to-volume ratio of the particles [8] leading to a high rate of dissolution and absorption; • high potential of the microparticles for penetrating the target cells (alveolar macrophages in the case of M. tuberculosis lung infection) [10]; • the ability to maintain a high concentration of the
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