Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• al. [10]. For the encapsulation of the fluorescent dye DiR as a potential label for noninvasive optical in vivo imaging, the solvent ethanol was evaporated from the dye stock solution and the remaining DiR was dissolved in MCT at a concentration of 0.3 mg/g. Kolliphor HS 15, which was molten at 50 °C

Simple synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and nitrogenated rGO

• Pallellappa Chithaiah,
• Madhan Mohan Raju,
• Giridhar U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 68–75, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.7

• stability (Figure 9). We compared our result with other materials reported recently (Table 1). For conductivity measurements, the H-rGO sample was dispersed in ethanol and drop-cast on a gold gap electrode. The average resistance measured using a Keithley source meter is ca. 4 MΩ. The corresponding

• Mira3 field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The TEM, HRTEM images and SAED patterns were obtained on a TALOS F200S G2, 200 kV FEG, and a CMOS camera (4k × 4k). The TEM samples were prepared by suspending the samples in ethanol

The effect of heat treatment on the morphology and mobility of Au nanoparticles

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Simon Vigonski,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Vahur Zadin,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 61–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.6

• ]. The solution was stirred for 5 min and then stored at 4 °C until needed [10]. Annealing The silicon wafers (100, n/phosphorus-doped, 3–6 ohm·cm, Mat-Technology) were cleaned with ethanol and the NPs were deposited by drop-casting. The drops were dried at ambient conditions. Five samples of Au NPs on

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• carbon catalysts towards the ORR. Experimental Chemicals All chemicals were purchased from commercial suppliers and were used without further purification unless stated otherwise: Glucose (Amresco, 98%), ethanol (VWR, 99.5%), iron(III) nitrate anhydrous (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.9%), hydrochloric acid (Merck

• of a 0.75 M glucose solution in aqua dest. (165 mL) at 165 °C for 10.5 h. The resulting spherical carbon particles were washed three times with 200 mL aqua dest. and ethanol each, centrifuged and dried [36]. Synthesis of N-doped carbon spheres (NCS): The as-synthesized carbon spheres were carbonized

• preparation, a droplet of ethanol containing the dispersed sample powder (ca. 1 mg·mL−1) was deposited on a carbonized Cu grid (Plano, Mesh 300), followed by evaporation of ethanol. For CHN elemental analysis, a Vario MICRO cube instrument (Elementar Analysensysteme GmbH) was used, the thermal decomposition

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• maintained at 180 °C for 12 h. After natural cooling to room temperature, the obtained suspensions were four times centrifuged using deionized water and anhydrous ethanol and dried at 75 °C for 12 h. Ultimately, these precursors were placed in an argon atmosphere, annealed at 400 °C for 2 h with a heating

• sensors is an important issue for practical applications. Herein, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde were selected to measure the selectivity of the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO gas sensor at 200 °C. As shown in Figure 10, the responses to 10 ppm acetone, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde were 8.18, 2.76, 2.05

• and 1.31, respectively. It is obvious that the most intense response of the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO gas sensor corresponds to acetone. It is about three times more pronounced than the response to ethanol. The results reveal the excellent selectivity of the composite sensor for acetone. These findings are

Mobility of charge carriers in self-assembled monolayers

• Zhihua Fu,
• Tatjana Ladnorg,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Alexander Welle,
• Asif Bashir,
• Michael Rohwerder,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2449–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.235

• characteristics of differently shaped islands within a PAT SAM, first PAT-layers were deposited on the Au(111) surface by immersing Au substrates into ethanol solution of PAT protected with a thioester group. Deposition was carried out at 70 °C. At this elevated temperature the thioester protective group was

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• argon atmosphere to 90 °C for 48 h, resulting in the P(AA-co-FA)-graft-oligoperoxide functionalized BNNTs (3). These were purified by repeated dispersed in ethanol and water with sonication and collection of the nanotubes by centrifugation. The purified P(AA-co-FA)-graft-oligoperoxide functionalized

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• stepwise growth, falls below −40 mV, the particles can be dispersed in an ammoniacal ethanol solution and grown further by the continuous addition of tetraethyl orthosilicate to a diameter larger than 500 nm. Due to the high colloidal stability, a coalescence of the particles can be suppressed, and single

• were adjusted so that they are large enough to host the growing core–shell particles. After an initial silica shell of 5–10 nm was coated onto the UCNP, a further growth by a Stöber-like growth process was attempted, i.e., the particles were redispersed in ethanol, and ammonia water, water and TEOS

• silica in reverse microemulsions was reported before [53][54][55][56] and attributed to the presence of the Igepal CO-520 on the NP surface. However, extensive purification of the particles after the growth of the first silica shell by repeated centrifugation and redispersion in ethanol did not

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• chemicals were sourced from Sigma-Aldrich and used as-purchased without further processing. ITO covered (25 Ω sq−1, ZSW) soda-lime glass substrates were cleaned with deionized water, ethanol, deionized water, H2SO4 (1% w/w), and rinsed with deionized water before drying at 105 °C in air. Then, a dense

• , compact TiO2 layer was grown on glass/ITO by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis in air from 0.1 M titanium tetraisopropoxide (98% v/v) and 0.4 M acetylacetone (99% v/v) dissolved in ethanol (96.6% v/v) according to a previously published procedure [28][46][70]. After deposition, the glass/ITO/TiO2 stack was

Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents

• Chen Du,
• Shuo Wang,
• Xu Miao,
• Wenhai Sun,
• Yu Zhu,
• Chengyan Wang and
• Ruixin Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.228

• . Device fabrication Prior to spin-coating, the ITO glass substrate was cleaned sequentially with detergent, acetone, ethanol, deionized water, each for 15 min, then dried with a nitrogen flow, and then cleaned with UV/ozone for 20 min. A thin layer of SnO2 nanoparticles was spin-coated on the ITO

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• -assembled monolayer of 1-hexadecanethiol (HDT). The sensor functionalisation was undertaken through its immersion for 4 hours at room temperature in a solution of 5 mM of HDT diluted in ethanol. The sensor was then rinsed with ethanol to wash off the unbound thiol molecules and dried under a nitrogen stream

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• microscope was also used to analyze the resulting cell morphology and alignment. Experimental Fabrication of SU-8 films as the stiffness and topography layers The SU-8 films on glass slides were prepared as follows. At first, glass slides (10 mm × 10 mm) were cleaned by sonication in ethanol, then washed

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• polymeric systems by the second method of preparation, since the binary polymeric system was prepared and then CUR was incorporated, without pH adjustment at pH 5. On the other hand, by the first method of preparation, the incorporation of CUR was performed during the evaporation of ethanol in the rotary

• between CUR molecules incorporated in the micelle and those dissolved in the ethanol until the equilibrium is achieved with decrease in the emission intensity [51]. Two distinct stages (pattern II and III) after pattern I could be observed due to the stabilization of these micellar systems, where CUR

Microfluidics as tool to prepare size-tunable PLGA nanoparticles with high curcumin encapsulation for efficient mucus penetration

• Nashrawan Lababidi,
• Valentin Sigal,
• Aljoscha Koenneke,
• Konrad Schwarzkopf,
• Andreas Manz and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2280–2293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.220

• adding the same volume of ethanol. The phases were separated by centrifugation at 20,000g for 20 min. The colored supernatant was removed and the polymer was obtained as a pink residue. The purification step was repeated for five cycles. After the last centrifugation, the polymer was dried under vacuum

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• solution A is mixed with solution B and stirred for 30 min. Subsequently, the mixture was transferred to a 50 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and retained at 200 °C for 24 h. After cooling naturally, the product was washed with deionized water and absolute ethanol for several times and dried at

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

• Olivia Amargós-Reyes,
• José-Luis Maldonado,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• María-Elena Nicho,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Juan Nicasio-Collazo,
• Irving Caballero-Quintana and
• Concepción Arenas-Arrocena

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2238–2250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.216

• :PC71BM:FeS2/PFN/Field’s metal (FM) fabrication The OPV devices were fabricated as follows (Figure 1a): Indium tin oxide (ITO) covered glass substrates were cut (≈1.8 cm × 1.8 cm) and ultrasonically cleaned sequentially for about 20 min in a detergent solution, distilled water and ethanol and dried in an oven

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• -6610LV instrument from JEOL. The prepared powder was dispersed onto a doubled sided tape holder and examined under 20 keV. EDS spectra were obtained using Aztec software from Oxford company. The suspensions for TEM analysis were prepared from the dry sample using ethanol followed by ultrasonic treatment

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• washed several times with deionized water and absolute ethanol and then dried at 60 °C to obtain the resulting (001)-TiO2 NPs. S-doping of the (001)-TiO2 NPs was performed by thermal chemical vapor deposition. First, 300 mg of (001)-TiO2 NPs was added to a beaker containing 100 mL deionized water. Then

• deposition has the advantages of rapid heat transfer, uniform heating and acceleration of the diffusion of S atoms into the TiO2 crystal lattice. After the autoclave had cooled naturally to room temperature, the precipitate was washed several times with deionized water and absolute ethanol, respectively and

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• dendronized IONPs Thin films of DPPC, dendronized IONPs and DPPC/dendronized IONP mixtures were prepared by spin-coating on silicon wafers [49]. To this end, a dispersion of dendronized IONPs in water (1 mg L−1) was freeze-dried and then dissolved in ethanol for preparing a dispersion with a concentration of

• 0.1 mg mL−1. 40 µL of this dispersion was added to 2 mL of a 1 mM-concentrated DPPC ethanol solution in order to obtain a mixed DPPC/dendronized IONP spin-coated film that has the same DPPC/Fe molar ratio as that used for the preparation of the microbubbles (28:1). A 0.5 mM-concentrated mixed

• dispersion was obtained by diluting this 1 mM dispersion. Silicon wafers were cleaned for 30 min in a sonication bath containing ethanol/milli-Q water (1:1), followed by 2 min in a plasma cleaner. A droplet (15 µL) of DPPC, dendronized IONPs or mixed DPPC/dendronized IONP dispersions was deposited on a

Green and scalable synthesis of nanocrystalline kuramite

• Andrea Giaccherini,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Stefano Martinuzzi,
• Enrico Berretti,
• Werner Oberhauser,
• Alessandro Lavacchi,
• Giovanni Orazio Lepore,
• Giordano Montegrossi,
• Maurizio Romanelli,
• Antonio De Luca,
• Massimo Innocenti,
• Vanni Moggi Cecchi,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Antonella Buccianti and
• Francesco Di Benedetto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2073–2083, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.202

• at least five times in absolute ethanol and dispersed the particles by means of sonication. Finally, the powders were dried under air at room temperature. Three different syntheses are presented in this study using different precursor concentrations. The mixing of the chemicals was performed in a 100

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• % (m/v) bovine serum albumin (BSA) was shaken at 37 °C with 500 rpm. Nanoparticle suspensions were centrifuged (30,000g, 15 min) after 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h, and an aliquot (250 µL) of the supernatant was diluted with 750 µL ethanol (96%, v/v) in order to precipitate BSA. After a second

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• first, 3.0 g of PVP was mixed with 2.5 mL of ethanol and 2.5 mL of pure water in a glass vial. Then, 2.0 mL of the PVP solution was mixed with 15.0 µL of the N-CDot dispersion for electrospinning. The PVP/N-CDot fibers were fabricated by employing a potential difference of 15 kV and a flow rate of 1 mL

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• nitrate (AgNO3, Strem), and ethanol (Aaper). N-Isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM, 99%) and acrylic acid (AAc, 99.5%) were obtained from Acros. Water was purified to a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm (Academic Milli-Q Water System; Millipore Corporation) and filtered using a 0.22 μm filter to remove any impurities. All

Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells

• Liang Xu,
• Dekang Xu,
• Ziying Li,
• Yu Gao and
• Haijun Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189

• ethanol and kept at 4 °C overnight. Fixed cells were washed with PBS and incubated with fluorescent solution (1% (v/v) Triton X-100, 0.05% PI, 0.01% RNase A) in dark for 30 min at room temperature. Finally the cells were analyzed by FACS Calibur system and the data was processed and analyzed using the