BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• suspension was prepared containing 0.2% curcumin. Curcumin has many positive effects on the skin [31][32] and is at the same time fluorescent, allowing for a good and easy detection in the skin by fluorescence microscopy. The suspension was applied to pig ear skin in a covered Franz cell, incubated for 24 h

• and then skin slices were investigated by normal light and fluorescence microscopy (Figure 8, left column). Figure 8 (upper row) shows the fluorescence microscopy images. The lower row shows overlays of fluorescence and light microscopy images, allowing to locate the fluorescence in the epidermis. For

• comparison, a tenfold higher concentrated 2% curcumin suspension is shown in Figure 8 (middle column). The curcumin remains as a thick fluorescent layer on top of the stratum corneum, showing practically no fluorescence inside the epidermis. Finally, a curcumin containing marketed product from the US is

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• illumination [7]. The characterization of single NV centers became popular at the end of the 1990s. It was demonstrated that the fluorescence of single NV centers can be detected by room-temperature fluorescence microscopy and that the defect shows perfect photostability [8]. Room-temperature optically

• alternating magnetic field in a traditional fluorescence microscope. As NV centers can be placed much closer to the sample, within a few nanometers of the surface, NV magnetometry has a clear advantage over conventional methods [28][29]. The interaction between the NV center and the sample can be carried out

• cell can be directly used as a fluorescence probe and temperature sensor. A review on the use of fluorescent NDs for tracking in living cells is given in [40] and [41]. Later in this review, we discuss cell temperature mapping by ND NV spins. Direct magnetic imaging in cells using NDs has not yet been

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• Instruments, USA). The pore size distribution was calculated using the Barret–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method. The photoluminescence (PL) was measured on a fluorescence spectrophotometer (F-4500, Hitachi, Japan). Electron spin resonance (ESR) signals of the reactive species spin trapped by 5,5-dimethyl-1

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• processes, such as catalytic reactions and fluorescence quenching, often improves sensor capabilities through component nanoarchitectonics. Imanaka and co-workers used a combustion process induced by a precious-metal-free CeO2–ZrO2–ZnO catalyst for CO gas detection [87]. The semiconducting (p-type) La2CuO4

• fluorescent gelators containing a tris(β-diketonato) complex with appropriate metals. The presence of amines can be found through fluorescence-quenching efficiencies of the thin layer films of the gel materials. The prepared films are most sensitive to the detection of tertiary amines. The discrimination and

• having chiral ʟ-serine and ʟ-threonine to discriminate enantiomers of N-acetyl amino acid anions through ratiometric fluorescence analysis. Torsi and co-workers adopted odorant binding proteins to discriminate chiral substances [90]. They immobilized odorant binding proteins to the gate of a water-gated

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• the blue (430 nm), green (500 nm) and red (630 nm) fluorescence, the AC-CDots can produce a pure white-light emission spectrum. Finally, highly efficient CDot/gel glass, phosphor-based, trichromatic WLEDs were developed by Yuan et al. [50]. The authors doped green and red CDots into a matrix of

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• −53.8 ± 2.4 mV upon antibody coating of the particles. The zeta potential value of VCAM1-PEG5000Au-CPMV becomes more negative [38], which is consistent with the literature [42]. In vitro fluorescent cell imaging Confocal fluorescence microscopy was performed on the cell lines to demonstrate the

• . Fluorescence microscopy confirmed that the VCAM1-PEG5000Au-CPMV can selectively bind to their target, whereas, the IgG-PEG5000Au-CPMV control did not show any fluorescence signal, which is indicative that no binding to the surface of the cells occurred (Figure 4A). The merged confocal microscopy image in

• analyzed with a fluorescence microscope (Cytation Cell Imager; BioTek Instruments, Inc). Transmission electron microscopy TEM images were recorded using a Titan FEI microscope, operating at 300 kV and fitted with a post-column Gatan Tridiem GIF 863 imaging filter. Samples were dispersed in water at a

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• visualization of pathophysiological processes with high sensitivity but with relatively low spatial resolution and shallow penetration into the tissue [30][31]. Cyanine7.5 NHS ester (Cy7.5), a near infrared fluorescence dye, has attracted extensive attention from researchers in various fields, including optical

• -EGFRvIII cells was carried out on cells digested and gathered through centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 4 min. Finally, 0.5 mL of PBS (0.01 M, pH 7.4) was used to suspend the cells and the fluorescence intensity of the cells was ascertained by flow cytometry (BD, USA). U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells were

• seeded into 24-well plates and cultured for 24 h. When the cells reached 80% confluence, they were incubated with 5-FAM-labled PEPHC1 (1 mg/mL) for 1 h. For fluorescence imaging, the culture solution was discarded, and the cells were incubated with 4% paraformaldehyde solution for 15 minutes at room

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• previously published protocol [24][25]. Silica/halloysite-decorated HeLa cells were then imaged in situ with optical fluorescence microscopy. A typical image is shown in Figure 2A demonstrating the preserved cell morphology and characteristic nuclear DAPI stain. Next, we imaged the silica/halloysite

• (Figure 3F,G), confirming the viability of the encapsulated cells. CFSE-labelled HeLa cells divide, thus the overall fluorescence intensity decreases. In case of silica-encapsulated HeLa cells there was a prominent decrease in fluorescence intensity during day 1 of the observation, which we attribute to

• the inhibition of proliferation by the silica shells. On day 3, however, the fluorescence intensity in silica-coated cells was even higher than in the control cells, apparently due to the partial destruction of the shells and the release of HeLa cells. Although non-compromised viability is an

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• wavelength of 535 nm. The untreated cells were used as negative controls, while cells treated with hydrogen peroxide (100 μM) served as positive controls. The data are expressed as percentage of fluorescence intensity compared to negative controls. The changes in the intracellular level of GSH were measured

• , incubated with MBCl (50 μM) for 20 min at 37 °C, washed again twice with PBS and analyzed using a VictorTM multilabel reader at an excitation wavelength of 355 nm and emission wavelength of 460 nm. The data are expressed as percentage of fluorescence intensity compared to negative controls. DNA damage in

• . After 48 h of treatment, the daphnids were washed with PB pH 7.4 and put on microscopic glass using cover slips mounted with Vectashield (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). An Opton III RS fluorescence microscope (Opton Feintechnik, Oberkochen, Germany) with ×10 magnification was used for

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• changes of the molecular machines, for instance, to capture and release guest molecules [167][168], to rotate of molecular rotors [169][170], to open and close molecular pliers [171][172], or in indicator displacement assays of glucose based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer [173]. Subtle

• environments of closely packed nanorods (when the inter-rod distance was less than ca. 70 nm), enhanced excitation transfer was observed, indicating that fluorescence would be efficiently enhanced within well-aligned nanorods prepared at the air–water interface. Inorganic low-dimensional nanomaterials often

BiOCl/TiO₂/diatomite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

• Minlin Ao,
• Kun Liu,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Zishun Li,
• Qian Peng and
• Jing Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1412–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.139

• CHI700E) with blue light (400–450 nm) irradiation. The steady-state photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the samples were detected by using a Hitachi F-7000 fluorescence spectrophotometer with excitation at 280 nm. Photocatalytic activity tests With visible-light irradiation, the photocatalytic activity was

Janus-micromotor-based on–off luminescence sensor for active TNT detection

• Ye Yuan,
• Changyong Gao,
• Daolin Wang,
• Chang Zhou,
• Baohua Zhu and
• Qiang He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1324–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.131

• ], surface plasmon resonance [10], molecularly imprinted polymers [6], and fluorescence polarization [11] have been proposed to detect TNT. However, most of these techniques have major limitations such as cumbersome pretreatment, complicated operation, long detection time and high cost. In recent years

• surface charge of the UCNPs before and after modification was measured. As shown in Figure 1d, the zeta potential changed from −22.08 to 17.3 mV, indicating the successful surface amine group functionalization. Moreover, the fluorescence emission spectrum shows that the surface functionalization did not

• surface of the UCNPs could chemically recognize the TNT molecules efficiently and form a Meisenheimer complex which has a strong absorption within the emission spectrum of the UCNPs. Due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer from the excited UCNPs to the complex, the luminescence intensity of the

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• refluxing (3, 6 and 15 h). The structure, microstructure and composition of the resulting NPs were then investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), respectively. The magnetic properties were also evaluated using standard

• well with the cubic spinel structure (ICDD no. 98-003-9131). The crystal size of each sample has been estimated through computational Rietveld refinements using MAUD software [26] (Table 1). Then, the compositions have been checked by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) experiments (Figure 2). The crystal sizes

• NPs have been well characterized using X-ray techniques (diffraction and fluorescence) and transmission electron microscopy. Most of the NPs are above 10 nm in size, magnetically stable and blocked at room temperature (TB > RT). Moreover, they exhibit saturation magnetization values among the highest

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• fluorescence shift was derived from Figure 6. (c, d) Intracellular ROS levels were normalized to the H2O2 levels. *,# p < 0.05 compared to the corresponding results with H2O2 and γ-Fe2O3@Hep, respectively. Values are shown as the mean ± SE (n = 3–4). A schematic of the iron oxide nanoparticle coating with

Correlation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the surface density of gold nanoparticles: evaluation of the critical number of SERS tags for a detectable signal

• Vincenzo Amendola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1016–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.102

• the absence of blinking or bleaching, and the possibility to excite in the red or near infrared spectral range, where most matrixes and substrates have low fluorescence background [13][17]. Therefore, due to the increasing demand for ultrasensitive identification and quantification of specific

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• -containing medium [37]. Therefore, we assumed a stable entrapment of the model drug even in the presence of proteins. Consequently, the Lumogen® Red fluorescence measured in cell culture experiments could be directly associated with the interaction between NPs and cells and is not distorted by effects of dye

• , when compared to the bare NPs. PLGA NPs preincubated with 500 µL FBS lead to the highest total red object area of 18.22 mm2/well. The results are consistent with the fluorescence microscopy images which were taken after an incubation time of 6 h (Figure 8). Furthermore, the images clearly demonstrate

• ® Red was analyzed by HPLC using a fluorescence detector (Agilent Technologies 1200 Series, Agilent Technologies GmbH, Böblingen, Germany) [37]. Therefore, an aliquot of NP suspension corresponding to 1 mg of PLGA NPs was centrifuged for 30 min at 30,000g. Following this, the supernatant was discarded

Experimental study of an evanescent-field biosensor based on 1D photonic bandgap structures

• Jad Sabek,
• Francisco Javier Díaz-Fernández,
• Luis Torrijos-Morán,
• Zeneida Díaz-Betancor,
• Ángel Maquieira,
• María-José Bañuls,
• Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 967–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.97

• the immobilization density by fluorescence microarray measurements, densities corresponding to a close-packed monolayer of the half-antibodies were obtained with standard deviation of 8% indicating a good reproducibility of the immobilization method [13]. Biosensing experiment Figure 7 shows the

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

• Xiupei Yang,
• Zhengli Yang,
• Fenglin Tang,
• Jing Xu,
• Maoxue Zhang and
• Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

• and size-selective fraction samples in Figure 9B were obtained at 25 °C at an excitation wavelength of 380 nm. The maximum emission peak of the PL spectrum of the original sample is 867 nm, while the fluorescence emission from the first fraction to the last fraction obtained by SSSP shows a blue shift

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• of a silica-core doped with rhodamine to enable visualization via fluorescence microscopy, followed by a layer of PCL/ICG and a surface coating with either PCL or PLLA. Characterization of these particle types showed a size of 90 nm for PCL-NPs and 95 nm for PLLA-NPs. The zeta potential was −25.4 mV

• Solution (HBSS) (Sigma, Switzerland). Inserts were transferred to 24-well plates containing TB and filled with dextran solution. After 60 min the fluorescence of samples from the donor and receiver solution at different time points was detected at 492 nm (excitation), 518 nm (emission) and 550 nm, 580 nm

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• , NEXUS-870, Nicolet Instrument Co. USA), X-ray diffraction (XRD, XD-3, Purkinje General, China, Cu Kα radiation), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Escalab 250Xi, America), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS, Hitachi U-4100) at a wavelength range of 200–800 nm, and fluorescence

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• excitation of free rhodamine 123 (curve 1) and AuNRs-PDA-R123-folate (curve 2) solutions at roughly equivalent concentrations of dye. The fluorescence intensity of R123 was found to be quenched with a quenching factor of about 0.75. As the rhodamine 123 molecules are well separated by a 10 nm PDA shell from

• obtained composite nanoparticles that have two important theranostic modalities. First, due to the strong light absorption by the AuNR core, the nanoparticles are suitable for photothermal treatment in the NIR tissue transparency window. Second, the nanocomposite shows strong fluorescence under visible

• fluorescent microscope. As shown in Figure 2C, the fluorescence signal inside HeLa cells could be detected after the incubation of cells with folate-targeted nanocomposites, illustrating that AuNR-PDA-R123-folate could be effectively internalized into HeLa cells. The nonspecific uptake of PEG-coated

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• with commercial blue or UV LEDs to generate coloured light and white light. However, most of them exhibit luminescence properties only in liquid solution when any aggregation-induced quenching is prevented. But we have shown recently that the dyes can exhibit fluorescence in the solid state when they

• the same time the organic dyes from aggregation [16]. Indeed, the aggregation of organic molecules leading to the quenching of their fluorescence occurs when the hybrid compound (SLH-Dye) is prepared in the dry solid state. The originality of our preparation process lies in the dispersion of the

• occur. Photoluminescence properties of the integrated dyes Absolute quantum yield (QYab) is defined as the efficiency at which a given material re-emits by fluorescence a certain number of photons absorbed at a given wavelength. The parameters measured in a 3.3 inch integrating sphere provide

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• PC spectrophotometer. Kubelka–Munk theory was applied to the LDH filler data to transform the diffuse reflectance spectra into absorption spectra. The fluorescence spectra of PBS–LDH nanocomposites were recorded with a Perkin-Elmer LS-55 luminescence spectrophotometer equipped with a front surface

• transmittance decreases during 40 h and then increases. This phenomenon may be caused by the transformation of amino acid molecules in the LDH structure or their interaction with the polymer matrix. Similar trends have been also registered using fluorescence spectroscopy (Figure 11). The intense emission band

• nanocomposites with Mg2Al LDH during photodegradation tests at 60 °C. UV–vis transmittance spectra of PBS and PBS nanocomposites with Mg2Al LDH fillers. Fluorescence spectra of PBS nanocomposites with Mg2Al LDH fillers, during photodegradation tests at 60 °C; (a) PBS–LDH/HIS and (b) PBS–LDH/PHE. The excitation

Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of CsPbBr₃ and Cs₄PbBr₆ perovskite nanocrystals and their reversible transformation

• Longshi Rao,
• Xinrui Ding,
• Xuewei Du,
• Guanwei Liang,
• Yong Tang,
• Kairui Tang and
• Jin Z. Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 666–676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.66

• -sonication at a power of 120 W for 40 min. During the sonication, the colorless reaction medium gradually transformed into a yellow and then an orange-yellow solution, which suggests the formation of PNCs and demonstrates strong fluorescence emission under 365 nm UV light excitation. After completion of the

• UV–vis spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan) over the wavelength range from 300 to 700 nm, at 1 nm intervals. The PL spectra of the PNCs were recorded using a fluorescence spectrophotometer (RF-6000, Shimadzu, Japan) using a Xe lamp as an excitation source. Characterization of the CsPbBr3 PNCs prepared

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• an increase in the fluorescence of the model organic fluorophore terrylene diimide by avoiding the ground-state molecular oxygen to react with electronically excited states of the fluorescent hydrocarbon molecule. Keywords: cerium oxide; crystallization; miniemulsion; nanocapsule; photoluminescence

• unwanted chemical reactions [13]. Molecular oxygen is a well-known quencher of fluorescence. Consequently, the shell properties of the nanocontainers are often customized to protect the fluorophore encapsulated into a liquid core. Higher lying singlet states of a fluorophore are relatively short living and

• , singlet oxygen is obtained through the process of fluorescence quenching [13][14][15][16]. Photooxidation significantly changes the emission properties of fluorophores because of an irreversible chemical reaction. In a simple description, the longer the fluorescence lifetime and the lower the fluorescence