Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1546–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

• milling, precipitation, combustion, and reverse microemulsion [30][31][32][33]. Vahidshad et al. [34] synthesized sol–gel-derived Cu–ZrO2 nanoparticles. Similarly, Saha et al. [35] prepared CuO-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles via ball milling. Among the described methods, solution combustion is used frequently

Calcium fluoride based multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging

• Marion Straßer,
• Joachim H. X. Schrauth,
• Sofia Dembski,
• Daniel Haddad,
• Bernd Ahrens,
• Stefan Schweizer,
• Bastian Christ,
• Alevtina Cubukova,
• Marco Metzger,
• Heike Walles,
• Peter M. Jakob and
• Gerhard Sextl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1484–1493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.148

• is to create multifunctional NPs by precipitation and simultaneous doping of the NP matrix with various ions [8][9]. Due to their co-doping with lanthanide ions, NPs on the basis of calcium phosphate or gadolinium oxide are also detectable by MRI and PL [10][11][12][13]. In recent years, fluorides

• ionic substitutions can also be integrated in the CaF2 lattice [24]. Various methods have been reported for the preparation of rare-earth doped CaF2 NPs such as co-precipitation [14][15][24][25][26], hydrothermal methods [27][28][29], flame synthesis [30], microemulsion methods [31][32] and a

• cytotoxicity of the NPs was tested by a cell culture based viability assay. Results and Discussion Synthesis and characterization of the multifunctional nanoparticles The synthesis of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs was carried out in analogy to the reported wet-chemical procedure that is based on a co-precipitation

Development of polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery

• Gamze Varan,
• Juan M. Benito,
• Carmen Ortiz Mellet and
• Erem Bilensoy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1457–1468, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.145

• face whilst the polycationic PC βCDC6 has 7 cationic groups on the primary face and 14 lipophilic groups on the secondary face. Both nanoparticles were prepared by a nanoprecipitation technique which is based on spherical crystallites of the polymer while precipitation occurs at the interface. In

• nanoparticles were stored in ultrapure water at 4 °C and the mean particle size, PDI values and zeta potential were obtained periodically for 30 days in aqueous dispersion form to elucidate whether PCX crystals are formed or any aggregation/precipitation is observed upon storage of the nanoparticle dispersions

Synthesis of [Fe(L_eq)(L_ax)]_n coordination polymer nanoparticles using blockcopolymer micelles

• Christoph Göbel,
• Ottokar Klimm,
• Florian Puchtler,
• Sabine Rosenfeldt,
• Stephan Förster and
• Birgit Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1318–1327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.133

• procedures for nanoparticles with size control (gold [6][7], metal oxides [8][9]) and/or shape control (gold and silver [10]) are already well known. The reduction of metal salts is very common for noble metals [11], while (fast) precipitation or inverse-micelle technique are often used for metal oxides

Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Magdalena Rogowska,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1257–1265, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.127

• ), Mn (Mn0.5Fe2.5O4) and Ni (Ni0.5Fe2.5O4) were prepared. The synthesis of these materials was done by the modification of Massart’s method [33]. This is based on the co-precipitation of (0.81 g) Fe(III) and (0.29 g) Fe(II) chlorides in 0.5% ammonia aqueous solution at a temperature of 80 °C under Ar

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• precipitated with n-hexane. That procedure is referred to in the following as “re-precipitation”. Data for 2a 2 (0.200 g, 0.222 mmol), ZnCl2 (0.0909 g, 0.667 mmol). Yield: 0.156 g (73% based on 2); purple solid. Anal. calcd for C56H48N8O4Zn (962.44): C, 69.88; H, 5.03; N, 11.64; found: C, 69.5; H, 5.0; N, 11.5

• . Comments: No re-precipitation needed. Due to the poor solubility of 2a a 13C NMR spectrum could not be recorded. The ESIMS spectra of 2a reveals as basis peak 988.3599. The origin of this peak remains unclear and may likely correspond to a fragmentation/recombination process under ESIMS measurement

• C56H48CuN8O4 [2b] 960.3128; IR (KBr, cm−1) ν: 2928/2932 (w/w, C–H); 1622 (C=O); UV–vis (CHCl3) λabs [nm] (log ε): 396 (4.44), 419 (5.65), 543 (4.28), 578 (3.39). Supporting Information File 1 gives the IR, UV–vis and ESIMS spectra of 2b. Comments: No re-precipitation needed. Data for 2c 2 (0.200 g, 0.222 mmol

AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots with near-IR photoluminescence

• Pavel A. Kotin,
• Sergey S. Bubenov,
• Natalia E. Mordvinova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1156–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.117

• equal amount of acetone used as an anti-solvent was added to the samples, resulting in the precipitation of QDs. The precipitated QDs were redispersed in hexane. Then the QDs were precipitated with acetone and dispersed in hexane again to achieve sufficient purity. The samples dispersed in hexane were

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• phosphorylating GO and the usage of the latter as proton exchange membranes component was presented in [5]. Phosphorylated GO was synthesized via distillation–precipitation polymerization using dimethyl vinylphosphonate as monomer together with cross-linker and initiator. This approach required the introduction

ZnO nanoparticles sensitized by CuInZn_xS_2+x quantum dots as highly efficient solar light driven photocatalysts

• Florian Donat,
• Serge Corbel,
• Halima Alem,
• Steve Pontvianne,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Ghouti Medjahdi and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1080–1093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.110

• redispersed in toluene, and reprecipitated by adding ethanol. The centrifugation and precipitation procedure was repeated eight times for the purification of the ZCIS QDs. Preparation of the ZnO/ZCIS photocatalyst For the synthesis of the ZnO/ZCIS catalyst used in this work, 2.5 mg of dried ZCIS QDs were

The integration of graphene into microelectronic devices

• Guenther Ruhl,
• Sebastian Wittmann,
• Matthias Koenig and
• Daniel Neumaier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.107

• the type of metal removal. The first approach is based on the removal of the metal layer during the CVD process by evaporation [26] or agglomeration [27]. However, the evaporation process lowers the graphene quality. The other approach is the implementation of a dissolution–precipitation mechanism of

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

• SiCl4. As soon as the liquid alloy particle was supersaturated, the growth of the whisker started. It occurred by the precipitation of Si atoms from the droplet at the interface between solid Si and liquid alloy. As a result, the alloy droplet was displaced from the Si substrate crystal to the tip of

• be maintained by the exothermic catalytic decomposition of the precursor molecules and the endothermic precipitation of carbon at opposing face of the catalyst particle. However, these requirements are not met in the case of endothermic decomposition of for instance alkanes [33][35][36][37] and the

• steps, including the dissociation of gaseous carbon precursor on the surface of the catalytic particle, the surface diffusion of carbon atoms on the solid particle and the precipitation of carbon in the form of nanotubes. The similarity of the terms “VLS” and “VSS” and different types of the carbon

Recombinant DNA technology and click chemistry: a powerful combination for generating a hybrid elastin-like-statherin hydrogel to control calcium phosphate mineralization

• Mohamed Hamed Misbah,
• Mercedes Santos,
• Luis Quintanilla,
• Christina Günter,
• Matilde Alonso,
• Andreas Taubert and
• José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 772–783, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.80

• biology experiments for gene construction were performed using standard methods. ELR production was carried out using cellular systems for genetically engineered protein biosynthesis in E. coli and purification was performed with several cycles of temperature-dependent reversible precipitation. After

• the HA formation (JCPDS 01-072-1243). Therefore, the mineralization is kinetically driven where a transient phase β-TCP is formed and eventually transformed into HA. It is worthwhile mentioning that CP precipitation in collagen matrices is also kinetically driven, with transient precursors such as ACP

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• ) and 1,4-butanesultone (40 mmol, 5.45 g) were mixed in a 50 mL round bottom flask. The mixture was heated to 60 °C for 1 h with stirring under nitrogen. Precipitation of the white zwitterionic salt 1-methyl-3-butylimidazoliumsulfonate (BmimSO3) starts after ca. 30 min. As the viscosity of the reaction

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• ) are stable at temperatures up to 55 °C. Above that temperature the precipitation of nanotubes is observed (Figure 7B.3), but CR is not released into the solution). Figure 7A shows the decrease in absorbance of the supernatant for both free CR (at 480 nm) and for the SWNT–CR complex (at 668 nm) after

• 20 minutes incubation at a given temperature. The temperature at which the precipitation effect is observed correlates with the melting temperature for the CR supramolecular form [32]. The reason of aggregation of nanotubes is unclear, but most probably the release of CR molecules from SWNT–CR

• -sedimenting (arrow) (C), but easily dispersed complex was observed. Calorimetric profiles obtained for free CR and CR bound to SWNTs: (A) 2 mg/mL CR; (B) 5 mg/mL CR. The first heating was always preceded by rapid cooling; second heating was preceded by controlled, slow cooling (1 °C/min). Precipitation of the

α-((4-Cyanobenzoyl)oxy)-ω-methyl poly(ethylene glycol): a new stabilizer for silver nanoparticles

• Jana Lutze,
• Miguel A. Bañares,
• Marcos Pita,
• Andrea Haase,
• Andreas Luch and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 627–635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.67

• modification with the polymer. There is, however, no indication of precipitation. This suggests that the polymer is a viable stabilizer for the SNPs. Finally, CBAmPEG is stable up to pH 9 before some degradation via cleavage of the ester bond is observed. Consistent with the data on the pure CBAmPEG polymer

• nanoparticle dispersions remain stable and no flocculation or precipitation is observed. As a result, the study shows that (i) cyanobenzoic acid-based polymeric stabilizers are applicable over a wide pH range and (ii) some stabilizer degradation may take place without causing a subsequent destabilization of

Diffusion and surface alloying of gradient nanostructured metals

• Zhenbo Wang and
• Ke Lu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 547–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.59

• interfaces in the nanostructured layer make it possible to study interfacial diffusion and relative characteristics, such as interfacial structure, precipitation, phase transformation, plastic deformation, and chemical reaction, at lower temperatures. In comparison, it is difficult to obtain enough

The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)

• Florent Pessina and
• Denis Spitzer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 452–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.49

• or spherical shape. Again, like the sub-micrometer powder obtained from the electrospray technique, the 500 nm RDX was desensitized to friction but not to impact (Table 5). Supercritical/gas antisolvent precipitation Supercritical antisolvent (SAS) precipitation uses the same principle as liquid

• crystallization, substituting the liquid antisolvent by a supercritical fluid. The very high diffusivity of supercritical fluids leads to a rapid supersaturation and thus to a sudden precipitation. Various approaches are used in SAS. One is the supercritical antisolvent (GAS) precipitation, where the liquid

• ]. Aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES) process The aerosol solvent extraction system (ASES) process involves precipitation through spraying the solution through an atomization nozzle into supercritical CO2. Lee et al. [51] used GAS and ASES systems to crystallize β-HMX. However, undesirables shapes

Self-assembly of silicon nanowires studied by advanced transmission electron microscopy

• Marta Agati,
• Guillaume Amiard,
• Vincent Le Borgne,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Richard Dolbec,
• Maurizio De Crescenzi,
• My Alì El Khakani and
• Simona Boninelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 440–445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.47

• catalytic nanoparticle and precipitation of Si, which then crystallizes in the form of nanowire, as predicted by the VLS model [14]. Nevertheless, it should be noticed that some HAADF images revealed the presence of some nanoparticles on the SiNS surface (see point C in the inset of Figure 4b), from which

Role of oxygen in wetting of copper nanoparticles on silicon surfaces at elevated temperature

• Tapas Ghosh and
• Biswarup Satpati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 425–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.45

• synthesized following different processes such as hydrothermal, chemical precipitation, electrochemical as well as other methods [4][5][6][7][13]. In this context the combination of the galvanic displacement reaction and the rapid thermal annealing process provides a simple and quick route for the synthesis

Nanoscale isoindigo-carriers: self-assembly and tunable properties

• Tatiana N. Pashirova,
• Andrei V. Bogdanov,
• Lenar I. Musin,
• Julia K. Voronina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Vladimir F. Mironov,
• Lucia Ya. Zakharova,
• Shamil K. Latypov and
• Oleg G. Sinyashin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.34

• nanoparticles For the preparation of solid isoindigo nanoparticles (SIPs), the method of nanoprecipitation was used. Precipitation is a commonly used technique in pharmaceutical technology [42][55][56]. This method is documented for protein encapsulation [57], hydrophobic drugs [58], and also for targeting

• . The samples based on compounds 2a–f were not used in this experiment due to their low stability in the presence of Sudan I. In these cases, gradual agglomeration and precipitation were observed in the systems. As seen in Figure 4a an increase in absorbance occurs at concentrations above 0.2 mМ (for 2g

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• nanoparticles such as sol–gel [21], precipitation [22], combustion [23], hydrothermal synthesis [24], solvothermal synthesis [25], reverse micelles [26], chemical vapor synthesis [27], aerosol pyrolysis [28], and sonochemical synthesis [29]. Dongare et al. [30] described the synthesis of ZrO2 by a sol–gel

Photo-ignition process of multiwall carbon nanotubes and ferrocene by continuous wave Xe lamp illumination

• Paolo Visconti,
• Patrizio Primiceri,
• Daniele Longo,
• Luciano Strafella,
• Paolo Carlucci,
• Mauro Lomascolo,
• Arianna Cretì and
• Giuseppe Mele

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 134–144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.14

• . The result was a visible change in the solution from that shown in Figure 4c to Figure 4d. The solution presented high opacity, large agglomerates and very fast precipitation of solids. These problems were not resolved by subjecting the sample to an additional ten minutes of sonication (Figure 4e

Nanocrystalline TiO₂/SnO₂ heterostructures for gas sensing

• Barbara Lyson-Sypien,
• Anna Kusior,
• Mieczylaw Rekas,
• Jan Zukrowski,
• Marta Gajewska,
• Katarzyna Michalow-Mauke,
• Thomas Graule,
• Marta Radecka and
• Katarzyna Zakrzewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 108–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.12

• phase begins to predominate (71.1 wt %) with lattice constants slightly higher than those of 100% TiO2 indicating partially decomposed solid solution (case C). Furthermore, the evidence of precipitation of 18.4 wt % SnO2 cassiterite with very small crystallites of about 3 nm favors the hypothesis of a

The cleaner, the greener? Product sustainability assessment of the biomimetic façade paint Lotusan^® in comparison to the conventional façade paint Jumbosil^®

• Florian Antony,
• Rainer Grießhammer,
• Thomas Speck and
• Olga Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2100–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.200

• climatization of the building. However, in this case moisture may penetrate quicker and deeper into the construction, eventually resulting in serious damage to the building structure, especially in regions with higher amounts of precipitation. Secondly, those paints focusing on hydrophobicity or water