Adsorption and electronic properties of pentacene on thin dielectric decoupling layers

• Sebastian Koslowski,
• Daniel Rosenblatt,
• Alexander Kabakchiev,
• Klaus Kuhnke,
• Klaus Kern and
• Uta Schlickum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1388–1395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.140

• conditions, e.g., energy minimization due to best alignment with the hexagonal valley, might hinder additional adsorption geometries. Defects or multiple pentacene molecules adsorbed in the same valley, however, break this scheme and cause adsorptions in alternative geometries. The electronic properties of

Adsorption characteristics of Er₃N@C₈₀on W(110) and Au(111) studied via scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy

• Sebastian Schimmel,
• Zhixiang Sun,
• Danny Baumann,
• Denis Krylov,
• Nataliya Samoylova,
• Alexey Popov,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Christian Hess

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1127–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.114

• ), whereby the monolayers can be described as (4 × 4) superstructure [11][12]. Our data reveal a new alignment in addition to this known in-phase orientation of Er3N@C80-monolayer on Au(111). In this case, the monolayer was found to be rotated to form an incommensurate (4 × 4)R30° phase (Figure 3b) with

• temperature range (Tmax ≈ 670 K). On the contrary to W(110), monolayer height molecule islands of hcp structure were formed on Au(111). Those monolayers possess two distinguishable orientations on the Au(111)-surface. Beside the known in-phase (4 × 4) superstructure an out-of-phase alignment (4 × 4)R30° has

Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Francesco Fuso,
• Ruggero Micheletto,
• Makoto Naruse,
• Francesco Tantussi and
• Maria Allegrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.97

• considered here is composed of the interplay of patterns made of grooves, hills and valleys showing some degree of anisotropy. Alignment effects induced, for example, by the anisotropic ion bombardment can in fact take place, leading to the occurrence of one preferential direction. The surface plasmon

Energy-level alignment at interfaces between manganese phthalocyanine and C₆₀

• Daniel Waas,
• Florian Rückerl,
• Martin Knupfer and
• Bernd Büchner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 927–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.94

• Daniel Waas Florian Ruckerl Martin Knupfer Bernd Buchner IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.94 Abstract We have used photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the energy-level alignment at organic heterojunctions made of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) and the

• fullerene C60. We show that this energy-level alignment depends upon the preparation sequence, which is explained by different molecular orientations. Moreover, our results demonstrate that MnPc/C60 interfaces are hardly suited for application in organic photovoltaic devices, since the energy difference of

• contribution we present an investigation of the energy level alignment at MnPc/C60 interfaces using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). We show that this alignment depends on the preparation sequence and that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of the two molecules lie energetically very close at

Triptycene-terminated thiolate and selenolate monolayers on Au(111)

• Jinxuan Liu,
• Martin Kind,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Daniel Käfer,
• Stefanie Winkler,
• Wenhua Zhang,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 892–905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.91

• . IRRAS can often be used not only to identify the nature of molecular species adsorbed on surfaces but also to gain information on molecular alignment with respect to the surface normal. Due to screening effects, only the transition dipole moment (TDM) vector component perpendicular to the substrate

• , while bands with TDMs (mostly) parallel to the surface will be attenuated or even completely extinguished. Thus, from comparison of relative band intensities in neat substance spectra to those in spectra of monolayers, information can be gained on the alignment of the molecules. With the help of DFT

• ., the intensity of single resonances is strongly dependent on the X-ray incidence angle θ. This points to a uniform alignment of the thiolate and selenolate molecules on the Au(111) surface. A couple of absorption resonances are visible in the NEXAFS spectra, the strongest of which is the C 1s-π1

Synthesis of coaxial nanotubes of polyaniline and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) by oxidative/initiated chemical vapor deposition

• Alper Balkan,
• Efe Armagan and
• Gozde Ozaydin Ince

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 872–882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.89

• nanotubes. Furthermore, fabricating conductive nanotubes using templates with mesoscopic pores resulted in the alignment of polymer chains parallel to the tube axis, increasing conductivity above that of nonaligned films [36]. In this study, the fabrication of PANI nanotubes and PANI/pHEMA coaxial nanotubes

• may be smaller than the resistances when the samples are in the humid atmosphere. However, the trend of the resistance change with the humidity is not expected to be affected by this delay. The significant resistance difference between PANI nanotubes and PANI thin film stems from the alignment of the

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• alignment markers scratched onto the polymer surface. The bleaching of fluorophores was minimized (especially for quantitative measurements) by first focusing on the alignment mark before exposing the patterned area to light, and the lamp intensity was kept at a minimum. Fluorescence intensity profiles were

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• adhesion, morphology (alignment, circularity and filopodia presence) and proliferation. Moreover, these structures exerted no cytotoxic effect. Conclusion: The results suggest that topographical patterning influences cell response. Silicon groove substrates can be used in developing medical devices with

• -shaped features that consist of repeated ridges and grooves pattern. Surfaces with these geometries have been used to demonstrate the influence on cell adhesion, alignment and organization [18][19][20][21]. Differences in cytoskeleton elongation have been demonstrated between cells elongated on these

• the topography modifies cell tendency to adhere, although these differences were not found to be statistical significant. Cell morphology Cell morphology was defined as the combination of circularity, alignment to the substrate structures and presence of filopodia. Figure 5a–d shows the confocal

Optimizing qPlus sensor assemblies for simultaneous scanning tunneling and noncontact atomic force microscopy operation based on finite element method analysis

• Omur E. Dagdeviren and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 657–666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.70

• finite element models of completely assembled qPlus sensors that include attached tips. Our numerical calculations reveal that a non-symmetric alignment of the tip attachment causes the spring constant to decrease and the perturbation of the ideal vertical oscillation behavior to increase while the

Impact of air exposure and annealing on the chemical and electronic properties of the surface of SnO₂ nanolayers deposited by rheotaxial growth and vacuum oxidation

• Monika Kwoka and
• Maciej Krzywiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.55

• samples was within the error of the measurement. Although the resolution of evaluating the valence band region is significantly lower than that of the most accurate photoemission yield spectroscopy [39][40][41], the magnitude of change is indisputable. This is of importance for the energy level alignment

Multimodal cantilevers with novel piezoelectric layer topology for sensitivity enhancement

• Steven Ian Moore,
• Michael G. Ruppert and
• Yuen Kuan Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 358–371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.38

• piezoelectric layer [29] have been devised. In order to measure the cantilever deflection, the optical beam deflection (OBD) method [30] is still the widely used standard. However, the measurement setup for the OBD method has limitations, such that it requires frequent laser alignment, a cantilever with a

Ordering of Zn-centered porphyrin and phthalocyanine on TiO₂(011): STM studies

• Piotr Olszowski,
• Lukasz Zajac,
• Szymon Godlewski,
• Bartosz Such,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Res Jöhr,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymonski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 99–107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.11

• the apparent geometrical arrangement of the molecules is governed by the alignment of protruding oxygen reconstruction rows (i.e., a [01−1] crystallographic direction. The contrast is rather unclear, already indicating relatively weak binding of the molecules to the substrate. Such apparent linear

Grazing-incidence optical magnetic recording with super-resolution

• Gunther Scheunert,
• Sidney. R. Cohen,
• René Kullock,
• Ryan McCarron,
• Katya Rechev,
• Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri,
• Ora Bitton,
• Paul Dawson,
• Bert Hecht and
• Dan Oron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 28–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.4

• on a rough sample) and by following the AIST TERS tip alignment routine (performing an objective scan around the tip and recording the phase signal). This is in agreement with theoretical predictions for the optical setup in use (focal length of focusing objective = 20.3 mm, aperture diameter = 6 mm

When the going gets rough – studying the effect of surface roughness on the adhesive abilities of tree frogs

• Niall Crawford,
• Thomas Endlein,
• Jonathan T. Pham,
• Mathis Riehle and
• W. Jon P. Barnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.201

• forces was negligible. The frog was restrained in a petri dish by a foam cushion which surrounded the body, with one leg extending out from the dish. Light suction on the dorsal side of the toe allowed alignment of the pad with the force plate surface. The frog was then positioned so that the pad rested

Annealing-induced recovery of indents in thin Au(Fe) bilayer films

• Anna Kosinova,
• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Leonid Klinger and
• Eugen Rabkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2088–2099, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.199

• ; Rigaku SmartLab) using Cu Kα radiation in a parallel beam configuration. HRSEM micrographs were taken using a secondary electron detector, at an acceleration voltage of 3 kV. Pole figures were measured using slit collimation. Precise alignment of the samples was performed using rocking curves (ω scans

Nanostructured SnO₂–ZnO composite gas sensors for selective detection of carbon monoxide

• Paul Chesler,
• Cristian Hornoiu,
• Susana Mihaiu,
• Cristina Vladut,
• Jose Maria Calderon Moreno,
• Mihai Anastasescu,
• Carmen Moldovan,
• Bogdan Firtat,
• Costin Brasoveanu,
• George Muscalu,
• Ion Stan and
• Mariuca Gartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2045–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.195

• the optimum design of the transducer’s Pt heater, and b) fabrication of the transducer using mask technology and laser lithography on dedicated equipment, namely the Heidelberg DWL66FS, and wafer processing using photolithographic process with double-side alignment, metal etching and lift-off process

Low temperature co-fired ceramic packaging of CMOS capacitive sensor chip towards cell viability monitoring

• Niina Halonen,
• Joni Kilpijärvi,
• Maciej Sobocinski,
• Timir Datta-Chaudhuri,
• Antti Hassinen,
• Someshekar B. Prakash,
• Peter Möller,
• Pamela Abshire,
• Sakari Kellokumpu and
• Anita Lloyd Spetz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1871–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.179

• plate. For alignment a flip-chip bonder was used. An epoxy underfill (EPO-TEK, 302-3M) was applied around the bumps and cured at 65 °C, to provide a seal between the chip and the LTCC against the liquid as well as additional attachment strength. To hold the fluid over the sensor surface, the same

Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study

• Veronique Dupuis,
• Anthony Robert,
• Arnaud Hillion,
• Ghassan Khadra,
• Nils Blanc,
• Damien Le Roy,
• Florent Tournus,
• Clement Albin,
• Olivier Boisron and
• Alexandre Tamion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1850–1860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.177

• obtained the experimental persistence of high ferromagnetic magnetization down to 3 K for size-selected chemically ordered B2-like FeRh nanocrystals up to 5 nm in diameter. In particular, magnetic measurements on annealed 3.3 nm FeRh samples, have demonstrated ferromagnetic alignment of Fe and Rh at low

Morphology of SiO₂ films as a key factor in alignment of liquid crystals with negative dielectric anisotropy

• Volodymyr Tkachenko,
• Antigone Marino,
• Eva Otón,
• Noureddine Bennis and
• Josè Manuel Otón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1743–1748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.167

• Madrid, Spain, Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.7.167 Abstract Control of liquid crystal (LC) orientation using a proper SiO2 alignment layer is essential for the optimization of vertically aligned nematic (VAN) displays. With this aim

• , we studied the optical anisotropy of thin SiO2 films by generalized ellipsometry as a function of deposition angle. The columnar SiO2 structure orientation measured by a noninvasive ellipsometry technique is reported for the first time, and its morphology influence on the LC alignment is demonstrated

• for large deposition angles. Keywords: anisotropy; ellipsometry; liquid crystal alignment; morphology; thin film; Introduction Thin films of SiO2 and SiOx obtained by oblique deposition are commonly used as alignment layers for liquid crystal (LC) displays [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Several alignments

Analysis of self-heating of thermally assisted spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory

• Austin Deschenes,
• Sadid Muneer,
• Mustafa Akbulut,
• Ali Gokirmak and
• Helena Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1676–1683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.160

• of the appropriate direction through the MTJ allowing the rotational spin of tunneling carriers to “torque” the free magnetic domain into the desired alignment. STT-MRAM exhibits desirable endurance, speed, and scaling properties. The write process of STT-MRAM has been shown to be highly reactive to

• are extrapolated via nearest-function method for 0.6 V simulations. Insets show the flow of carriers, and implied material properties, for a given initial free and fixed magnetic layer alignment. Simulations with initially parallel (ON) free/fixed layers use parallel properties, whereas simulations

Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania

• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Lukasz Zajac,
• Piotr Olszowski,
• Res Jöhr,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Bartosz Such,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymonski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1642–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.156

• context, the knowledge of properties of the titania–sensitizer junction is essential for designing efficient devices. Consequently, studies on the adsorption of organic dyes on titania surfaces and on the influence of the adsorption geometry on the energy level alignment between the substrate and an

• [27]. More detailed analyses of the electronic structure, molecular orientations, energy level alignment and charge transfer dynamics have been provided by Cao et al. [29][30]. The authors showed that strong coupling between the PTCDA molecules and the TiO2 substrate results in charge transfer time

• . For completeness, we recall here the latest results obtained for ZnTPP molecules deposited onto the TiO2(110)-(1 × 1) surface [58]. The authors studied the formation, structure and energy level alignment of the first monolayer. To increase the chances of forming an ordered layer, Rangan et al

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• sensing, by filopodia, so far has been reported to be 10 nm-high nano-islands [226]. Furthermore, cell alignment to the direction of grooves was predicted with an automatic controller model [227]. This model concluded that cell alignment along the direction of grooves is proportional to the square of the

• microgrooved PDMS substrates an enhanced aspect ratio (cell length to width ratio) and a parallel alignment of the cell body with respect to the groove axis (Figure 4C) [21][24]. Rat-derived SMCs aligned stronger along the direction of microgrooves, the narrower these grooves were [21]. Moreover, cells also

• signaling of several different mechano-sensors is combined and finally summed up. Thus, to be able to control cell adhesion and alignment in a cell-specific manner it is important to ask how a cell senses surface topography. The ECM physical signals can be transmitted through focal adhesions and the

Nonlinear thermoelectric effects in high-field superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions

• Stefan Kolenda,
• Peter Machon,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1579–1585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.152

• . Keywords: spintronics, superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids, thermoelectricity; Introduction Electrons in classical superconductors are bound in spin-singlet Cooper pairs, whereas ferromagnetic materials prefer parallel spin alignment. In nanoscale hybrid structures made of superconductors and ferromagnets

Filled and empty states of Zn-TPP films deposited on Fe(001)-p(1×1)O

• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Rossella Yivlialin,
• Andrea Picone,
• Federico Bottegoni and
• Marco Finazzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1527–1531, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.146

• alignment between molecular levels and substrate bands plays a key role in the transport properties. Results and Discussion From a technological point of view, the 1 monolayer (ML) thick sample is the most interesting and appealing, due to its ordered (5 × 5) reconstruction [10] that can be exploited (i) as

• about 300 meV smaller with respect to the Zn-Pc film (0.76 eV, as reported in [14]), suggesting a different (lower) molecule–substrate interaction. The sample belongs to the large organic/metal interface group at which the vacuum level alignment rule breaks down [15] and chemical bonds play a key role

• the molecular packing could influence the energy levels of the film. However, the band alignment at the molecule/substrate interface is mainly due to a charge transfer between the organic layers and the substrate and a consequent modification of the electron density, as reported in the literature [18

The effect of dry shear aligning of nanotube thin films on the photovoltaic performance of carbon nanotube–silicon solar cells

• Benedikt W. Stolz,
• Daniel D. Tune and
• Benjamin S. Flavel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1486–1491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.141

• important factor in many devices is the degree of coverage of the films on the silicon surface, itself dependent on the films’ porosity. Jung et al. [17], Li et al. [28] and Tune et al. [42] have shown that alignment of the nanotubes by solution shearing (as known as slide casting, liquid film shearing

• films as captured on the filtration membranes, and the same films after DSA. As well as the obvious alignment of the nanotubes in the direction of shear, the porosity of the film has also been reduced due to better packing of the nanotubes in their aligned configuration. The films are now also visibly

• absorbance spectra were unchanged by DSA however, Figure 2b shows the variation in the degree of alignment of the nanotubes in the films after DSA, where the 2D order parameter is calculated from polarised optical transmittance measurements as in Equation 1 [44] and reveals that the degree of alignment