Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• within the coherent X-ray scattering region, and the size can be slightly different from the values obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM images of the nanoparticles are presented in Figure 2. The particle size distribution estimated from the high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images is

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• (TEM) operating at 120 kV. High-resolution bright-field imaging was carried out with a FEI Titan TEM operating at 300 kV. Catalytic activity was obtained in the following manner: To 1.0 mL distilled water, 5 μL of fresh 10−2 M 4-nitrophenol solution and 0.5 mL of 50 μg/mL catalyst suspension was added

Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells

• Liang Xu,
• Dekang Xu,
• Ziying Li,
• Yu Gao and
• Haijun Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189

• (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker 400 (1H, 400 MHz; 13C, 101 MHz) spectrometer. Chemical shifts are expressed in ppm, and J values are given in Hz. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were obtained with a Thermo Fisher Scientific Exactive Plus mass spectrometer. Synthesis and characterization of

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• TEM. As shown in Figure 2d, Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a size of about 50 nm are distributed evenly on the CNTs. The high-resolution TEM image (Figure 2e) indicates an interplanar spacing of 0.295 nm, corresponding to the (220) plane of Fe2O3 (JCPDS Card No. 25-1402). The EDX spectrum confirms the

• -CNT@Fe2O3. (d) TEM image of Fe2O3 particles with a diameter of 50 nm on CNT. (e) High-resolution TEM image of Fe2O3 with an interplanar spacing of 0.295 nm, corresponding to the (220) plane of Fe2O3. (f) EDX spectrum of the CC-CNT@Fe2O3. (a) XRD pattern and (b) Raman spectra of CC-CNT and CC-CNT@Fe2O3

• ; (c) Fe 2p and (d) O 1s XPS spectra of CC-CNT@Fe2O3. Electrochemical performance of the CC-CNT@Fe2O3 electrode: (a) CV curves; (b) GCD curves; (c) capacity versus current density; (d) EIS curves. SEM images of (a) CC-CNT@NiO; (b) magnified CC-CNT@NiO. (c) TEM image of NiO particles on CNT; (d) high

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The as-grown structures subsequently underwent rapid thermal annealing (550–900 °C for 1 min) in N2 ambient atmosphere. The structures were investigated using X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy together with spectral photocurrent

• incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Strain relaxation and its effect on the formation of NCs and the resulting interface integrity was studied and compared with structures having a thicker (ca. 200 nm) SiGe layer [23], deposited by radio

• -magnification image showing the contrast due to the shearing defects appearing in the SiGe crystallites, of a sample annealed at 600 °C for 1 min. (b) High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image showing the lens-like shape of SiGe crystallites as a result of shearing defects. The arrows

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• File 1, Table S2). By using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HRXPS), the electron binding energy of the O 1s orbital was measured to confirm that the Ga nanoparticles in both samples are doped with NiGa and not with Ga oxide (Figure 6). The concomitant Ga 2p3/2-peak (Supporting

• several points with a spatial resolution of 1 nm2 (acquisition time of 30 s at each point). The instrumental errors of this high-resolution EDX scan led to an estimated standard deviation of 10–15% relative error. TEM samples were prepared by drop-casting the diluted material on 200 µm carbon-coated

• obtaining focused diffraction patterns. The diffraction images were calibrated with Debye–Scherrer patterns recorded from a gold reference sample (S106, Plano GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, HRXPS- (ESCA-) measurements were performed with a Fisons/VG Scientific

Remarkable electronic and optical anisotropy of layered 1T’-WTe₂ 2D materials

• Qiankun Zhang,
• Rongjie Zhang,
• Jiancui Chen,
• Wanfu Shen,
• Chunhua An,
• Xiaodong Hu,
• Mingli Dong,
• Jing Liu and
• Lianqing Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1745–1753, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.170

• peaks at 572.7 eV (3d5/2) and 582.9 eV (3d3/2), respectively, corresponding to W–Te bonds (Figure 1b right in red) [27]. The crystalline parameters of WTe2 were further studied through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where a typical high-resolution TEM image displayed in Figure 1c shows the

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• the anisotropy of the crystals and the large peak broadening, leading to an overlap of the reflections of the two phases. To further analyze the nature of the phase mixture, we performed high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis on DUT-98(4). HRTEM was previously applied for

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• nanoporous TiO2 has been completely wrapped by wrinkled GO nanosheets (Figure 3d and 3e). As displayed in the high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images (Figure 3f and 3g), the TiO2/GO composite reveals no clear lattice fringe for TiO2, indicating poor crystallinity. It is clear that the GO sheets have a flake-like

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• . CSTiO2 particles were also observed through TEM (Hitachi HT7700 high resolution TEM) at 100 kV. Additionally, the elemental composition of CSTiO2 was analyzed by SEM (Vega3 Tescan SEM) with an in-column EDX detector at 15 kV. TGA was carried out using a Mettler Toledo Gas Controller GC20 Stare System TGA

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• behavior, with the correct CPD values measured when TiO nanowires are separated by more than 40 nm. This stands in perfect agreement with the real tip radius of 15 nm, which was measured for the same cantilever in high-resolution SEM (see Figure 4d insets). Here, the use of uniformly PtIr-coated tips

Rapid thermal annealing for high-quality ITO thin films deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Doina Craciun,
• Florin Garoi,
• Catalin Negrila,
• Beatrice Gabriela Sbarcea and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1511–1522, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.149

• samples are presented in Table 3 together with the relative atomic concentrations. The high-resolution spectra of these core level transitions are also depicted in Figure 4a (In 3d), Figure 4b (Sn 3d) and Figure 4c (O 1s) [37][38]. The binding energy of the thermally treated samples is slightly shifted

• ) dITO370 = 371.2 nm. XRD patterns for the as-deposited and RTA-processed ITO samples. XPS survey spectra in the range 0–1250 eV acquired from the as-deposited and RTA-treated ITO samples of thickness a) 230 nm, b) 300 nm, and c) 370 nm. High-resolution a) In 3d, b) Sn 3d and c) O 1s XPS spectra acquired

Flexible freestanding MoS₂-based composite paper for energy conversion and storage

• Florian Zoller,
• Jan Luxa,
• Thomas Bein,
• Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing,
• Daniel Bouša and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1488–1496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.147

• the measurements. High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed using an ESCAProbeP spectrometer (Omicron Nanotechnology Ltd, Germany) with a monochromatic aluminum X-ray radiation source (1486.7 eV). Wide-scan surveys of all elements were performed (0–1000 eV, step 0.5 eV) with

• subsequent high-resolution scans of the C 1s, S 2p and Mo 3d regions with a step of 0.05 eV. The dynamic mechanical analysis was measured on a DMA DX04T (by RMI, Czech Republic) device. A sample with dimensions 7.600 mm (width), 0.173 mm (thickness) and 10.200 mm (active length) was loaded with a tensile

Direct observation of oxygen-vacancy formation and structural changes in Bi₂WO₆ nanoflakes induced by electron irradiation

• Hong-long Shi,
• Bin Zou,
• Zi-an Li,
• Min-ting Luo and
• Wen-zhong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1434–1442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.141

• of high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging and electron diffraction experiments was performed to investigate the electron-induced defects in the Bi2WO6 nanoflakes. Our results reveal that Bi2WO6 nanoflakes can be decomposed into Bi precipitates and WO3 nanosheets after the generation of oxygen vacancies

• = 1.5406 Å). Morphological analyses were carried out on a field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi S-4800) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) detector operating at 10 kV and 10 μA. Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and high-resolution transmission electron

Selective gas detection using Mn₃O₄/WO₃ composites as a sensing layer

• Yongjiao Sun,
• Zhichao Yu,
• Wenda Wang,
• Pengwei Li,
• Gang Li,
• Wendong Zhang,
• Lin Chen,
• Serge Zhuivkov and
• Jie Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1423–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.140

• examined in detail by high-resolution TEM from the rectangular frame of Figure 3a (region “1” and “2”), as shown in Figure 3b and Figure 3c. The lattice fringe spacing was observed to be 0.298 nm and 0.263 nm, which corresponded with the d-spacing of the (220) plane of Mn3O4 and the (202) plane of WO3

• Mn3O4/WO3 composites. (a) XPS survey spectrum of 5 atom % Mn3O4/WO3 composites. High-resolution XPS scan: (b) W 4f region, (c) O 1s region, and (d) Mn 2p region. Response of WO3 and Mn3O4/WO3 composite based gas sensors to 10 ppm H2S, 100 ppm NH3 and 100 ppm CO at different temperatures. Response of WO3

• increased quantity of nanoparticles and decreased quantity of nanorods. Further information on the surface chemical composition of 5 atom % Mn3O4/WO3 composites was examined by XPS. The complete spectrum of the sample is displayed in Figure 5a, which confirms the presence of W, C, O and Mn. The high

BiOCl/TiO₂/diatomite composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

• Minlin Ao,
• Kun Liu,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Zishun Li,
• Qian Peng and
• Jing Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1412–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.139

• ), Ti element (e) and Bi element (f). TEM image (a) and high-resolution image showing the lattice fringes (b) of BTD. The photodegradation curves and corresponding kinetic plots of different samples, including various photocatalysts (a and d), BTD with different molar ratios of BiOCl to TiO2 (b and e

Gas sensing properties of individual SnO₂ nanowires and SnO₂ sol–gel nanocomposites

• Alexey V. Shaposhnik,
• Dmitry A. Shaposhnik,
• Sergey Yu. Turishchev,
• Olga A. Chuvenkova,
• Stanislav V. Ryabtsev,
• Alexey A. Vasiliev,
• Xavier Vilanova,
• Francisco Hernandez-Ramirez and
• Joan R. Morante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1380–1390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.136

• about chemical binding energy contributions in surface layers with complex phase compositions [43][44][45][46][47]. In the present study, we investigated core 1s states of oxygen atoms and core 3d states of tin atoms with high resolution provided by monochromatized synchrotron radiation. The spin–orbit

• splitting of tin 3d core levels gives us the possibility to detect Sn 3d5/2 states with high resolution. The application of high intensity synchrotron radiation provides high-resolution signal detection from small samples with XANES and XPS methods using photon fluxes of 1012–1013 photons/sec at ring

Highly ordered mesoporous silica film nanocomposites containing gold nanoparticles for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

• Mohamad Azani Jalani,
• Leny Yuliati,
• Siew Ling Lee and
• Hendrik O. Lintang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1368–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.135

• 200 kV. For the TEM tomography, the sample was visualized using a Hitachi HT7700 instrument for high-resolution imaging at low accelerating voltage (80 kV) where the 3D reconstruction was performed using a Hitachi EMIP tomography acquisition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using a

Construction of a 0D/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles/CuBi₂O₄ microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

• Weilong Shi,
• Mingyang Li,
• Hongji Ren,
• Feng Guo,
• Xiliu Huang,
• Yu Shi and
• Yubin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1360–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.134

• /CBO composite. (a) TEM and (b) HRTEM images of the 2.5 wt % Au/CBO composite. XPS high-resolution spectra of the 2.5 wt % Au/CBO composite: (a) Au 4f; (b) Cu 2p; (c) Bi 4f and (d) O 1s. (a) TC degradation dynamics under visible-light irradiation. (b) Changes of the characteristic absorption of TC when

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• , high-resolution XPS spectra of C 1s and N 1s were illustrated in Figure 2c and Figure 2d, which further confirm the tri-s-triazine-based carbon nitride structure. The C 1s spectra can be deconvoluted into three peaks centered at 284.8, 286.4, and 287.9 eV, while N 1s spectrum can be deconvoluted into

• after removing the AAO substrate. (b) FTIR spectra before and after polymerization. (c) High-resolution XPS C 1s spectra of carbon nitride nanotubes, indicating two typical C 1s peaks at 284.8 and 287.9 eV. The former can be assigned to the sp2-hybridized carbon atoms in the N-containing aromatic ring

• , while the latter is typically assigned to impurity carbon, such as graphitic C or grease. (d) High-resolution XPS N 1s spectra that are deconvoluted into three peaks, 398.6 eV (C=N–C), 399.7 eV (N–C3), and 400.9 eV (C–NH–C and C–NH2). Conductance as a function of the salt concentration, indicating ion

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• section. The high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) image of an individual silver nanoparticle is displayed in Figure 2b, the lattice spacing of 0.236 nm observed is corresponding to the (111) plane of metallic silver [60], confirming the formation of the silver nanoparticles. Figure 3a shows the X-ray diffraction

• corresponding high-resolution spectrum of the Ag 3d region, where the two peaks located at 368.4 and 374.4 eV are attributed to the binding energies of Ag 3d5/2 and Ag 3d3/2 of metallic silver, respectively [60]. This result indicates metallic silver in the as-prepared paper-based SERS substrate, which is in

• , a small piece of the corresponding sample was cut from the sheet and stirred in 5.0 mL of ethanol overnight to yield a suspension, which was dripped onto a carbon-coated copper grid followed and dried in air. TEM and high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) images were acquired using a Hitachi HT-7700

Alloyed Pt₃M (M = Co, Ni) nanoparticles supported on S- and N-doped carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Stéphane Louisia,
• Yohann R. J. Thomas,
• Pierre Lecante,
• Marie Heitzmann,
• M. Rosa Axet,
• Pierre-André Jacques and
• Philippe Serp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1251–1269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.125

• materials. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis shows a remarkable difference between the carbon structures synthetized (Figure 1). Very regular structures were obtained for the CNT sample (Figure 1a), while the N-CNT sample presented a “bamboo-like” structure typically found in

• samples were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEOL, JEM-1011 at 100 kV) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM, JEM-ARM200F Cold FEG, STEM-EDX CENTURIO-X, GATAN Gif quantum ER), chemical analysis (CHN Perkin Elmer elemental analyzer), Raman spectroscopy at 633 nm (SmartsSPM-1000 AIST-NT

Molecular attachment to a microscope tip: inelastic tunneling, Kondo screening, and thermopower

• Rouzhaji Tuerhong,
• Mauro Boero and
• Jean-Pierre Bucher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1243–1250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.124

• Au(111) surface by means of the MnPc-terminated tip is obtained only on the right-hand side of Figure 2d. The electron transport through a single MnPc molecule that is partially lifted from surface (Figure 2f), is further investigated by conducting high-resolution inelastic electron tunneling

• /dV spectrum of a flat-lying MnPc molecule on the Au(111) surface (0.01 nA, −0.3 V). The inset shows a high-resolution spectrum (0.1 nA, −0.1 V) taken with a modulation of 1 mV (rms). The red curve is a Fano line fitted to the Kondo resonance labeled with K. (c) Schematic view of the STM junction for

Playing with covalent triazine framework tiles for improved CO₂ adsorption properties and catalytic performance

• Giulia Tuci,
• Andree Iemhoff,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Lapo Luconi,
• Andrea Rossin,
• Vasiliki Papaefthimiou,
• Regina Palkovits,
• Jens Artz,
• Cuong Pham-Huu and
• Giuliano Giambastiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1217–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.121

• ) measurements were performed in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) Thermo-VG scientific spectrometer equipped with a CLAM4 (MCD) hemispherical electron analyser. The Al Kα line (1486.6 eV) of a dual anode X-ray source was used as incident radiation. Survey and high-resolution spectra were recorded in constant pass

Green fabrication of lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors: Y(OH)₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles for white light generation

• Tugrul Guner,
• Anilcan Kus,
• Mehmet Ozcan,
• Aziz Genc,
• Hasan Sahin and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.119

• diffraction (XRD; X’Pert Pro, Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands), while their morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Quanta 250, FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) micrographs were obtained using an FEI Tecnai F20 field emission gun