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Search for "self-assembly" in Full Text gives 318 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Self-assembly of silicon nanowires studied by advanced transmission electron microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 440–445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.47
- within the plasma reactor. Both the STEM tomography and STEM-EDX analysis contributed to gain further insight into the self-assembly process. In the long-term, this approach might be used to optimize the synthesis of VLS-grown SiNWs via ICP as a competitive technique to the well-established bottom-up
- fabricate ultra-small structures. This concept encompasses the physics and the chemistry of nanostructure formation via a “self-assembly” route. Such ultra-low dimensional systems require appropriate characterization tools, which may lead to further insight in the comprehension of the dynamics of
- chamber and temperatures lower than 1150 °C can be reached at the bottom [16]. It is noteworthy to recall that the ICP process was designed for the synthesis of spherical Si particles. This leads us to suppose that, while the synthesis of spherical Si takes place, the self-assembly of SiNWs via VLS does
Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43
- hybrids, one of the main challenges is to avoid NP aggregation. The magnetic response of NPs to external magnetic stimulus depends strongly on their intrinsic properties (composition, size, and shape) but also on their spatial arrangement (self-assembly, dispersion in organic media, compatibility with
Innovations from the “ivory tower”: Wilhelm Barthlott and the paradigm shift in surface science
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 394–402, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.41
- compiling, to our knowledge, the largest dataset on plant epicuticular surface features. Epicuticular waxes are made up of various soluble lipids and, at least most of them, originate from self-assembly, again a topic studied in various different types of crystals accompanied by recrystallization
Nanoscale isoindigo-carriers: self-assembly and tunable properties
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.34
- structures with tunable morphologies for the use in drug delivery. Amphiphilic long-chain dialkylated isoindigos have the ability to form stable solid nanoparticles via a simple nanoprecipitation technique. Their self-assembly was investigated using tensiometry, dynamic light scattering, spectrophotometry
- ; nanoparticles; self-assembly; surfactants; Introduction Studies of amphiphilic isoindigo derivatives have revealed perspectives and high potential in several fields: (i) Supramolecular assemblies of amphiphilic conjugated π-systems can potentially be useful structures with improved tunable optical and
- . Drug nanostructures thus obtained are single-component systems unlike traditional colloidal drug carriers. The design of building blocks allows for the control of physical and chemical properties of self-assembled systems. Self-assembly [41] and nanoprecipitation [42] are the most common approaches to
Impact of surface wettability on S-layer recrystallization: a real-time characterization by QCM-D
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 91–98, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.10
- 10 mM CaCl2 (98% Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and adjusted to pH 9. Sample preparation S-protein preparation: After isolation, the protein solution was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 min in order to separate the S-protein monomers from self-assembly products and was stored at 4 °C. Then, before each
Obtaining and doping of InAs-QD/GaAs(001) nanostructures by ion beam sputtering
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 12–20, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.2
- homoepitaxy of silicon on substrates with (001) crystallographic orientation was in parts investigated by Lee and Xue [15]. High-vacuum ion beam heteroepitaxy of nanometer-thick germanium films on silicon substrates was carried out by Alexandrov and co-workers [16]. They were the first to observe the self
- -assembly growth of germanium quantum-dot nanostructures. Furthermore, ion beam sputtering was used for heteroepitaxy of Ge on GaAs substrates [17] and GaAs1−xPx on Si substrates [18]. In addition, the effect of ion beam bombardment of semiconductor surfaces is used at least for two applications. First, it
Solvent-mediated conductance increase of dodecanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2057–2064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.196
- networks; Self-assembly; Introduction Ordered gold nanoparticle monolayers are increasingly applied as templates for molecular resistor networks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Gold nanoparticles serve as conducting nodes and different molecules can bind to the gold nanoparticle using anchoring groups such as
- hexagonally ordered within grain boundaries. Small voids between grains result from the self-assembly process. We masked voids in five SEM images at different sample locations, neglecting voids smaller than 25 nm2, as an upper limit for tolerances in interparticle distance variations. On average, these voids
- monolayers undergoing liquid phase molecular exchange protocols. Solvent induced decreases in lattice constant need to be taken into account for comprehensive interpretation of the electronic measurements on nanoparticle monolayers. We showed here that self-assembly of nanoparticle monolayers on liquid phase
Effect of Anderson localization on light emission from gold nanoparticle aggregates
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2013–2022, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.192
- localization is due to the increase of the radiative process in the localized field. These results suggest that by fabricating special surface patterns using electron beam lithography or by self-assembly, the localization of light can be engineered. The possibility to generate Anderson localization by control
Controlled supramolecular structure of guanosine monophosphate in the interlayer space of layered double hydroxide
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1928–1935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.184
- linked through hydrogen bonds in the presence of K+ ions. There have been many attempts to synthesize guanosine-based supramolecular assemblies such as ribbon or quadruplex. Spada et al. verified that two kinds of ribbon structures could be obtained by self-assembly of lipophilic deoxyguanosine
- structures result from its self-assembly. GMP makes quadruplex structures in the presence of specific metal as found in the telomere of chromosome [16]. Without metal cations, GMPs make ribbon-type structures through hydrogen bonding between H and electronegative sites (N or O). Two kinds of ribbon phases, I
Graphene-enhanced plasmonic nanohole arrays for environmental sensing in aqueous samples
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1564–1573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.150
- packed, two dimensional crystal of polymer particles needs to be formed via self-assembly by a slow evaporation process. Subsequent etching of the particles creates a void between neighbouring particles, generating a non-close packed ordered sphere monolayer. The obtained sphere mask acts as a pattern
Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113
- with tunable properties are of great interest for a wide range of applications. The self-assembly of simple nanoparticle building blocks could provide an inexpensive means to achieve this goal. Here, we generate extended anisotropic silver nanoparticle assemblies in solution using controlled amounts of
- one of three inexpensive, widely available, and environmentally benign short ditopic ligands: cysteamine, dithiothreitol and cysteine in aqueous solution. The self-assembly of our extended structures is enforced by hydrogen bonding. Varying the ligand concentration modulates the extent and density of
- and aggregates based on the discrete dipole approximation. The models support the experimental findings and reveal the importance of aggregate size and shape as well as particle polarizability in the plasmon coupling between nanoparticles. Keywords: plasmon coupling; self-assembly; silver
Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 948–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.87
- Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G2G2, Canada Kurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess- und Sensortechnik Meinsberg e.V., 04736 Waldheim, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.7.87 Abstract DNA nanostructures are promising construction materials to bridge the gap between self-assembly of functional molecules and
- hybrid structures. Keywords: gold nanoparticles; dielectrophoresis; DNA nanotechnology; DNA origami; self-assembly; Introduction The DNA origami method facilitates high throughput synthesis of identical and fully addressable two- (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) nanoscaled structures [1][2][3]. Such DNA
- constructs constitute promising template structures to combine different organic and inorganic nanomaterials into tailored hybrid nanodevices, and hence, hold the potential to combine self-assembly of functional molecules with conventional fabrication methods in nanotechnology [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. To
Reconstitution of the membrane protein OmpF into biomimetic block copolymer–phospholipid hybrid membranes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 881–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.80
- for the reconstitution of transmembrane proteins under preservation of protein function, independent of the membrane thickness. Keywords: biomimetics; block copolymer; lipopolymer mixture; OmpF reconstitution; self-assembly; Introduction Protein pores facilitate the transfer of molecules across
- been assessed yet [46][47]. In the present work, we studied the reconstitution of OmpF from Escherichia coli into biomimetic lipopolymer membranes, generated by self-assembly of amphiphilic poly(1,4-isoprene-block-ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PIPEO) and 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- monomer-activated approach [52]. However, an incomplete initiation of the second block could be excluded as side reaction since no tailing within the size exclusion chromatography traces has been observed. Thus, effects on the self-assembly behavior of the block copolymers in aqueous solutions were not
Optical absorption signature of a self-assembled dye monolayer on graphene
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 862–868, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.78
- -3,4,9,10-diimide (PTCDI); scanning tunnelling microscopy; self-assembly; self-organization; Introduction Close-packed assemblies of dye molecules exhibit drastically altered photonic properties as compared with the isolated or diluted species [1]. These changes find their origin in near-field optical
- original photonic processes. An atomically precise positioning of self-associated molecular dyes can be achieved either in vacuum or at the solution–substrate interface by self-assembly techniques. In particular, perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-3,4,9,10-diimide (PTCDI) and its sibling molecule perylene
- -packed PTCDA molecules deposited on epitaxial graphene have also been observed [21]. In turn, self-assembly of adsorbed conjugated molecules can influence the electronic properties of its substrate. Such a non-covalent functionalization is especially suitable in the case of graphene because of its
Direct formation of gold nanorods on surfaces using polymer-immobilised gold seeds
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 809–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.72
- noble metal NRs or NWs with various techniques, such as electron-beam lithography [14][15], Langmuir–Blodgett (L–B) methods [16], stretched polymer matrices [17], self-assembly [18][19][20], and electric fields [21]. However, both direct and indirect surface-growth approaches present significant
Assembling semiconducting molecules by covalent attachment to a lamellar crystalline polymer substrate
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 784–798, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.70
- that the overall thickness CPE45 nanocrystals does not depend solely on the thickness of the crystalline core, which is predefined by the distance between regularly spaced side-groups. Formation of monolayers of nanocrystals Self-assembly of nanocrystals at the air–water interface For electrostatically
- stabilized colloids, self-assembly at the air–water interface has been demonstrated to be an efficient route to generate close packed monolayers with virtually crystalline order up to sizes of square-centimeters [7]. While repulsive forces introduced by surfactants are often used to support the assembly
Magnetic switching of nanoscale antidot lattices
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 733–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.65
- -up techniques based on the self-assembly of nanoscale spheres [2][11][12] allow precise control over diameter and distance of the antidots. In the present work, we make use of bottom-up nanosphere lithography in combination with reactive ion etching resulting in hexagonally arranged, non-close packed
- of sphere diameters at relatively narrow size distributions. However, the control of the self-assembly process leading to optimized samples is still challenging. Figure 1 presents the entire preparation process of magnetic antidot arrays. In order to prepare such arrays on a large scale with
- self-assembly of monodisperse PS spheres on the chosen substrate; (b) the homogeneous reduction of the PS sphere diameter by setting the plasma etching time while maintaining their initial positions on the substrate. Then, the nanoscale masks are ready for the deposition of a magnetic film and a
Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 697–707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.62
- composite DNA nanostructures by the self-assembly of complementary symmetrical 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolic acid (TPA)–DNA building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX (Zn PpIX). DNA–organic molecule scaffolds for the composite DNA nanostructure were constructed through covalent conjugation of TPA with 5
- desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF). The biologically relevant photosensitizer Zn PpIX was used to direct the hybridization-mediated self-assembly of DNA–TPA molecular building blocks as well as a model guest molecule within the DNA–TPA supramolecular self-assembly. The formation of fiber-like
- therapy (PDT) applications as well as photocatalytic reactions. Keywords: DNA nanostructure; DNA–organic hybrid; DNA self-assembly; 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolic acid; zinc protoporphyrin IX; Introduction Hybrid nanomaterials resulting from the covalent conjugation of DNA with organic molecules [1][2][3
Gold nanoparticles covalently assembled onto vesicle structures as possible biosensing platform
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 655–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.58
- bilayers with the aim of using this nanomaterial as platform for the future design of immunosensors. A novel methodology for the self-assembly of AuNPs onto large unilamellar vesicle structures is described. The vesicles were formed with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and 1-undecanethiol
- fulfil performance criteria such as high sensitivity and low limit of detection. In this context, vesicles can be used in the construction of biosensors as supporting film to coat Au or Ag electrodes [3]. Self-assembly of nanoparticles onto organised systems combines the advantages of nanomaterials
- acts as the solvent for the synthesis reaction as well as the reducing agent. Therefore, this work describes the self-assembly of AuNPs photochemically synthesized with two different irradiation times (8 and 13 min) in glycerol onto vesicle structures. After the optimization of some analytical features
Cantilever bending based on humidity-actuated mesoporous silica/silicon bilayers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 637–644, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.56
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Austria Chair of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria 10.3762/bjnano.7.56 Abstract We use a soft templating approach in combination with evaporation induced self-assembly to prepare mesoporous films containing
- applicable. Experimental Sample preparation AFM cantilevers and silicon wafers were coated with a mesoporous silica film using evaporation-induced self-assembly [14][15][16]. We employed tipless NSG30 cantilevers from NT-MDT (about 130 µm long, 45 µm wide, and about 4.5 µm thick) with a gold reflective
Novel roles for well-known players: from tobacco mosaic virus pests to enzymatically active assemblies
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 613–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.54
- consists of 158 amino acids. Numerous studies have investigated the self-assembly of TMV in vitro and provided many pieces of the puzzle, with most of them evidencing a bidirectional tube growth starting at an origin of assembly (OAs) site in the 3'-portion of the viral RNA [33][47], as illustrated in
- particle, with the RNA not depicted as it is completely enclosed in the CP helix (golden). Self-assembly process of TMV. Model for the bidirectional self-assembly of nanotubular TMV particles, based on the formation and consumption of different CP oligomers, i.e. "A-protein" and disks, in vitro. RNA is
- canonical cysteine), GPx activity could be conferred to the TMV CP building blocks. Under conditions favoring their self-assembly devoid of RNA, enzymatically active nanotubes with H2O2-reducing outer surfaces were generated. Adapted with permission from [133], copyright 2012 American Chemical Society
Comparison of the interactions of daunorubicin in a free form and attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes with model lipid membranes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.46
- controlled way [21][22]. Due to the presence of a thiol group in the polar headgroup region, this lipid has negative charge and it is possible to transfer monolayers onto solid support by means of both Langmuir–Blodgett method and self-assembly, which results in the differences in the packing of the
Bacteriorhodopsin–ZnO hybrid as a potential sensing element for low-temperature detection of ethanol vapour
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 501–510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.44
- sensor design [1][2][3][4]. Novel approaches towards sensor design that employ biological material as the active element or associated active element have been widely explored [5][6]. Over the last few decades, the research in this domain has been directed towards the bio-inspired, self-assembly of
Length-extension resonator as a force sensor for high-resolution frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy in air
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 432–438, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.38
- favourable configurations may exist for the adsorption of nitrogen molecules. Further theoretical as well as experimental studies are needed to gain deeper insight into the self-assembly of such molecules on surfaces through water layers. Atomic resolution on graphite To further demonstrate the high
Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34
- electrical properties [20]. Moreover, transistor-type devices from the same molecule have displayed fundamentally different transport characteristics [21][22]. The organization of the molecules within the junction is usually based on some sort of self-assembly using chemisorption or physisorption methods to
- , two, or three gold atoms, respectively [68]. Furthermore, the high reactivity of the thiol group not only guarantees a robust functionalization of gold electrodes. It can also lead to complication during the self-assembly process. The intermolecular linking of bifunctional dithiols due to disulfide
- through three anchoring groups. An extended study by Katano et al. investigated by UHV-STM analysis at 4.7 K also confirmed the three-point contacts of 17 on Au(111) surfaces and showed that these tripodal molecules form a highly ordered “two-tiered” hierarchical chiral self-assembly on a gold surface [86
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