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Search for "thermal" in Full Text gives 1246 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Analytical and numerical design of a hybrid Fabry–Perot plano-concave microcavity for hexagonal boron nitride

  • Felipe Ortiz-Huerta and
  • Karina Garay-Palmett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1030–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.90

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  • . Afterwards an 80 nm silver layer could be added, by thermal evaporative deposition, on top of the concave shape polymer to ensure a high reflectivity inside our microcavity. When designing the concave shape polymer a small rectangular aperture at its edge must be taken into account in the fabrication step
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Published 27 Sep 2022

Numerical study on all-optical modulation characteristics of quantum cascade lasers

  • Biao Wei,
  • Haijun Zhou,
  • Guangxiang Li and
  • Bin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.88

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  • have been reported, including thermal [8], electrical [9], acousto-optic [10], Faraday rotation effect spectroscopy [11], and all-optical methods [12]. The unipolar characteristics of QCLs provide them with unique advantages for all-optical modulation. All-optical modulation can avoid parasitic effects
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Published 23 Sep 2022

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

  • Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
  • Alan Bahm and
  • Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

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  • potential well in the order of a few meV, which makes it rather difficult for the fit to precisely match the well. However, this is not problematic as the potential well is in the order of magnitude of thermal vibrations and its impact on the outcome of the simulations is small. The fits match the repulsive
  • for more details). The 0.94 < µ < 1 interval describes a region where no defects are present. Changes in µ are due to variations in bond length coming from thermal vibrations around the equilibrium bond length. This region is crystalline. The 0.89 < µ < 0.94 interval describes regions that contain
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Published 21 Sep 2022

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

  • Miriam Anna Huth,
  • Axel Huth,
  • Lukas Schreiber and
  • Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

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  • composition play significant roles. Here, the ability of self-assembly of wax after isolation from the leaves was used to develop a small-scale wax-coated artificial leaf surface with the chemical composition and wettability of wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves. By thermal evaporation of extracted plant waxes
  • prerequisite for the applicability of the artificial surface as bio-inspired leaf surface, it was defined that the artificial surface needs to have a homogeneous coating and uniform wettability. Previous recrystallization studies have shown that a homogeneous coating can be produced by thermal evaporation [40
  • comparison of the native wax with the wax recrystallized after thermal evaporation, we could show that the wax still had the same chemical composition as the wax on the native leaves. In the wax precipitate on glass, the same substances were detected in the same amounts as in the wax that was vaporized
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Published 13 Sep 2022

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

  • Jason I. Kilpatrick,
  • Emrullah Kargin and
  • Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

Graphical Abstract
  • forces in KPFM is generally expressed as the minimum detectable CPD [53], and is directly limited by the geometry of the interaction, thermal noise of the cantilever, and the detection noise limits of the AFM [36][54]. Cantilevers have a number of eigenmodes, ωn, where there is a mechanical enhancement
  • cantilever. Under small amplitude conditions the tip can be positioned very close to the surface and as such there is an advantage in increasing the spatial resolution. The trade-off here is that the SNR will be small as the mechanical amplitude approaches the thermal noise limits of the cantilever. In
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Published 12 Sep 2022

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

  • Hendrik Bargel,
  • Vanessa T. Trossmann,
  • Christoph Sommer and
  • Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

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  • coatings through fluorous media-assisted thermal treatment of stable, hydrophilic protein films [75]. One prominent natural route to prevent the colonization and infection with microbes on cells, tissues, and material surfaces is to block adhesion of bacteria and inhibit attachment to host cells. Microbial
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Published 08 Sep 2022

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

  • Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
  • Vladimir A. Frost,
  • Anton V. Blagodatkin,
  • Anna V. Gordeeva,
  • Andrey L. Pankratov and
  • Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

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  • just a refrigerator. One of the possible solutions of the problem is the on-chip electron cooling, which creates a drain of thermal energy from small detecting elements with the help of tunneling electrons. Cold-electron bolometers (CEBs) [1][2][3] have high potential to improve the electron cooling
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Published 07 Sep 2022

Solar-light-driven LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

  • Chao-Wei Huang,
  • Shu-Yu Hsu,
  • Jun-Han Lin,
  • Yun Jhou,
  • Wei-Yu Chen,
  • Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
  • Yu-Tang Lin and
  • Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

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  • , methylene blue, and rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. Their optimal sample was LaFe0.85Cu0.15O3, which could remove dyes much more efficiently due to more generation of hydroxyl radicals than pure LaFeO3 [31]. Ni-doped LaFeO3 was ubiquitously employed as a photo/thermal catalyst or a catalyst
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Published 05 Sep 2022

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

  • Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
  • Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
  • Viviane C. F. Santos,
  • Camila M. S. Lacerda,
  • Thais G. Silva,
  • Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
  • Flavio Plentz and
  • Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

Graphical Abstract
  • -fidelity PCR buffer. PCR thermocycling was performed as described above. Conventional and asymmetric PCR reactions were carried out in a Veriti thermal cycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). PCR amplification was verified by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gels (in tris–borate–EDTA buffer) stained
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Published 02 Sep 2022

Self-assembly of C60 on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C60 monolayer

  • Guglielmo Albani,
  • Michele Capra,
  • Alessandro Lodesani,
  • Alberto Calloni,
  • Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
  • Marco Finazzi,
  • Franco Ciccacci,
  • Alberto Brambilla,
  • Lamberto Duò and
  • Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

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  • measurements and for modeling by ab initio calculations. Periodic and compact films are generally obtained when the molecules possess enough surface mobility, that is, when the diffusion energy (Ed) is low compared to the thermal energy kBT, where T is the substrate temperature and kB is the Boltzmann constant
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Published 30 Aug 2022

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

  • Yujin Han,
  • Pierre-Marie Thebault,
  • Corentin Audes,
  • Xuelin Wang,
  • Haiwoong Park,
  • Jian-Zhong Jiang and
  • Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

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  • force–distance curve with each cantilever on a quartz glass sample (manufactured by Goodfellow, United Kingdom) and extracting its slope in the range of repulsive forces. Subsequently, we determined the bending stiffness Cn of each cantilever by analyzing its thermal noise vibration [18]. After
  • + Adγ* or which allows for a correlation of the thermal sensitivity of the surface or interfacial tension with the surface or interfacial entropy According to [27][28], the temperature sensitivity of the surface energy of simple metallic melts depends on the change of the cohesion energy with
  • temperature and, thus, scales with their molar area and thermal expansion coefficient. The surface tension of the eutectic Ga–In–Sn liquid at the melting point has been reported to = 587 mN/m. Since the surface tension originates from the imbalanced bonding of atoms at the liquid–vapor interface [29], it
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Published 23 Aug 2022

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

  • Chun-Da Liao,
  • Andrea Capasso,
  • Tiago Queirós,
  • Telma Domingues,
  • Fatima Cerqueira,
  • Nicoleta Nicoara,
  • Jérôme Borme,
  • Paulo Freitas and
  • Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

Graphical Abstract
  • depolymerize due to strong van der Waals and London attractive forces among the long polymer chains [13]. It must also be considered that thermal treatments can often be counterproductive as they intensify polymerization, harden the PMMA residues, and complicate the removal. Therefore, the way toward clean
  • a low-pressure CVD system (CVD First Nano, EasyTube 3000). A 25 µm thick annealed Cu foil (Alfa Aesar, purity 99.8%), serving as a metal catalyst, was placed in a graphite enclosed cavity during the whole process. The temperature for annealing and growth was kept stable at 1040 °C by PID thermal
  • transfer process. Following this method, the Cu substrate with graphene was first oxidized in ambient air on a hot plate at 200 °C for 2 min. The graphene film on the Cu substrate serves as a protection layer, preventing the underlying Cu surface from oxidation because of its high chemical/thermal
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Published 18 Aug 2022

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

  • Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
  • Daniel Schorr,
  • Julia K. Metz,
  • Metin Yildirim,
  • Saeed Ahmad Khan and
  • Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

Graphical Abstract
  • actual sensitivity and the spring constant of the used cantilever were calibrated on a cleaned silica wafer by the thermal noise method by Hutter et al. [27] using a correction factor of 0.251. The data was acquired using the quantitative imaging mode (QI™) with image sizes of 5 × 5 µm and a resolution
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Published 16 Aug 2022

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

  • Lingling Xia,
  • Qinyue Wang and
  • Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

Graphical Abstract
  • ]. The networks themselves can also change the properties of the single crystals [42][43][44][45][46]. For example, commonly known fragile and rigid single crystals become soft by integrating polymer networks [45]. The thermal stability of some single crystals may also be improved by incorporating
  • . Figure 7a was reproduced from [138], C. Avci et al., “Metal-Organic Framework Photonic Balls: Single Object Analysis for Local Thermal Probing”, Advanced Materials, with permission from John Wiley and Sons. Copyright © 2021 WILEY‐VCH GmbH. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. b) Photos of aligned
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Published 12 Aug 2022

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

  • Sarani Sen,
  • Anurag Roy,
  • Ambarish Sanyal and
  • Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

Graphical Abstract
  • , enhanced electron transport facility, excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical stability [11][25][26][27]. The electronic structure and surface physicochemistry of graphene are beneficial for electron transfer. Several graphene-based nanocomposites based on complex synthesis processes are reported as
  • excellent sensing matrices for detecting various analytes [11][21][22][23][28]. The "green synthesis" of graphene via electrochemical reduction is the most economical strategy for the mass production of graphene compared to chemical or thermal reduction of GO [27][29]. Since no hazardous chemicals (e.g
  • showed thermal and mechanical stability, ERGO/GCE could be a suitable electrode material for rapid screening of PT in actual samples. To determine the storage stability, the electrocatalytic response of 10 μM PT was monitored in seven-day intervals for the first two months, and it retained about 96.17
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Published 28 Jul 2022

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

  • Masato Miyazaki,
  • Yasuhiro Sugawara and
  • Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

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  • photocatalytic semiconductors. The local SPV is generally measured consecutively by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) in darkness and under illumination, in which thermal drift degrades spatial and energy resolutions. In this study, we propose the method of AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy (AC-KPFM
  • ), which controls the AC bias to nullify the modulated signal. We succeeded in directly measuring the local SPV by AC-KPFM with higher resolution, thanks to the exclusion of the thermal drift. We found that AC-KPFM can achieve a SPV response faster by about one to eight orders of magnitude than classical
  • microscopy (AFM) [22]. KPFM measures the contact potential difference (CPD), which corresponds to the difference in work function between the tip and the sample, consecutively in darkness and under illumination, to determine the SPV values: SPV = CPDlight − CPDdark. In this method, the thermal drift between
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Published 25 Jul 2022

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O2 batteries

  • Hien Thi Thu Pham,
  • Jonghyeok Yun,
  • So Yeun Kim,
  • Sang A Han,
  • Jung Ho Kim,
  • Jong-Won Lee and
  • Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

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  • –C/CNT, Zn1Co1–C/CNT, and Zn4Co1–C/CNT composites were measured by EDS elemental mapping (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2). Moreover, it should be noted that all the ZnxCoy–C particles exhibited a high concentration of N, mainly induced by thermal decomposition of 2-methylimidazole during
  • the carbonization process. After the carbonization and chemical etching processes, the sizes of the ZnxCoy particles were slightly decreased due to the thermal evaporation of organic linkers and metal ions, maintaining free spaces in the particles. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of
  • ), indicating that Zn was easily evaporated during the carbonization process. From the C 1s and N 1s spectra (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4), we found that N species could be spontaneously doped by the thermal decomposition of 2-methylimidazolate during carbonization. In practice, Zn1Co4/CNT
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Published 21 Jul 2022

Tunable high-quality-factor absorption in a graphene monolayer based on quasi-bound states in the continuum

  • Jun Wu,
  • Yasong Sun,
  • Feng Wu,
  • Biyuan Wu and
  • Xiaohu Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.59

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  • , which can also be utilized as a thermal emitter. Besides, the spectral position of the absorption peak can not only be adjusted by changing the geometrical parameters of dielectric grating, but it is also tunable by a small change in the Fermi level of the graphene sheet. This novel scheme to tune the
  • stealth, infrared detectors, thermophotovoltaic cells, and thermal emitters. According to their spectral bandwidths, the absorbers can be classified as broad-band absorbers and narrow-band absorbers [1][2][3][4]. In general, broad-band absorbers [5][6][7][8] are used for electromagnetic cloaking and solar
  • discussed so as to find its potential applications as thermal emitter with high directivity. Finally, the properties of the active absorber, including tunability with different geometric parameters and different Fermi levels are investigated. Results Figure 1 gives a schematic view of the proposed absorber
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Published 19 Jul 2022

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

  • Marina V. Bastrakova,
  • Dmitrii S. Pashin,
  • Dmitriy A. Rybin,
  • Andrey E. Schegolev,
  • Nikolay V. Klenov,
  • Igor I. Soloviev,
  • Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
  • Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

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  • allowed values for the total energy of the system. The characteristic gaps in the spectrum of the effective Hamiltonian are significantly larger than the thermal smearing in the studied case. Also, the level broadening due to the influence of the environment is relatively small. The described features
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Published 14 Jul 2022

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

  • Adil Loya,
  • Antash Najib,
  • Fahad Aziz,
  • Asif Khan,
  • Guogang Ren and
  • Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

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  • used as a means of enhancing the thermal conductive properties of base fluids. This method formulates a heterogeneous fluid conferred by nanoparticles and can be used for high-end fluid heat-transfer applications, such as phase-change materials and fluids for internal combustion engines. These
  • experimental data. Highly concurrent trends were achieved for the obtained results. According to the obtained results of MDS, adding CuO nanoparticles increased the thermal conductivity of water by 25% (from 0.6 to 0.75 W·m−1·K−1). However, by adding these nanoparticles to hydrocarbon-based fluids (i.e
  • ., alkane) the thermal conductivity was increased three times (from 0.1 to 0.4 W·m−1·K−1). This approach to determine the thermal conductivity of metal oxide nanoparticles in aqueous and nonaqueous fluids using visual molecular dynamics and interactive autocorrelations demonstrate a great tool to quantify
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Published 07 Jul 2022

Sodium doping in brookite TiO2 enhances its photocatalytic activity

  • Boxiang Zhuang,
  • Honglong Shi,
  • Honglei Zhang and
  • Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

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  • a small amount of Na2(CO3) (PDF#86-0313), which suggests the existence of sodium in the samples. At 600 °C, the sodium in the samples shows thermal instability and can react with CO2 in the air and precipitate to form Na2(CO3). At 700 °C, brookite was directly transformed into Na2Ti6O13 (N) because
  • , suggesting that the partial Na substitution of Ti atoms is beneficial to stabilizing the brookite structure. Above 600 °C, the Na occupancy in the brookite increased to ≈0.2, causing thermal instability of the brookite structure (i.e., precipitating Na2CO3 or transforming into Na2Ti6O13). Some reports [9][28
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Published 05 Jul 2022

Approaching microwave photon sensitivity with Al Josephson junctions

  • Andrey L. Pankratov,
  • Anna V. Gordeeva,
  • Leonid S. Revin,
  • Dmitry A. Ladeynov,
  • Anton A. Yablokov and
  • Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 582–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.50

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  • of three and more photons, with a dark count time above 0.01 s. Keywords: Josephson junction; microwave photons; single photon counter; thermal activation; Introduction The development of a single photon counter (SPC) for microwave frequencies of tens of gigahertz has been required for several
  • counter can be made on their basis. We use the metastable quasi-equilibrium state of a Josephson junction, which, at low temperatures, is stable enough for thermal fluctuations and quantum tunneling, but can be easily destroyed by absorption of a single photon. We demonstrate few-photon sensitivity of our
  • numerically solve the Langevin equation with noise source [39][40] in the frame of the RCSJ model, which has been proven for classical JJs in the thermal regime [29]. Its applicability is also confirmed for our case by a good overlap with the experimental data. It is seen from Figure 4 that the experimental
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Published 04 Jul 2022

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe2 surface using optical microscopy

  • Lin Pan,
  • Peng Miao,
  • Anke Horneber,
  • Alfred J. Meixner,
  • Pierre-Michel Adam and
  • Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

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  • CuPc as a Raman probe, because CuPc exhibits a large Raman scattering cross section and an extremely weak photoluminescence signal. A thin film of 5 nm of CuPc was deposited on the triangular MoSe2 flakes through thermal vapor deposition. Figure 1a shows a bright-field optical image of CuPc/MoSe2. From
  • characterization of CuPc molecules on MoSe2 flakes The MoSe2 flakes were received from SixCarbon Technology (Shenzhen), synthesized on a SiO2/Si substrate using chemical vapor deposition. An ultra-thin film of CuPc with a thickness of 5 nm is deposited on the MoSe2 samples by vacuum thermal deposition. At a
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Published 01 Jul 2022

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

  • Xiaoqiong Tang,
  • Yan Zhang,
  • Jiangbing Mao,
  • Yuhua Wang,
  • Zhenghong Zhang,
  • Zhengchao Wang and
  • Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

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  • Germany) for 2 h to prevent damage to the cells. Before the experiment, the thermal noise method was used to adjust the cantilever spring constant, and then the experiment was carried out in contact mode. The AFM probe (MLCT probe, Bruker, USA) slightly contacted the cell surface and a constant force was
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Published 28 Jun 2022

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

  • Petr Šálek,
  • Jana Dvořáková,
  • Sviatoslav Hladysh,
  • Diana Oleshchuk,
  • Ewa Pavlova,
  • Jan Kučka and
  • Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

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  • [27]. The same trend was observed for the measurement of the pH-stimuli responsive behavior of DH of the PHEG-Tyr nanogel at 37 °C (Figure 2a). Interestingly, DLS measurements revealed a thermal transition of PHEG-Tyr nanogel with significantly smaller DH, that is, 30–40 nm at 37 °C. This observation
  • AAT were prepared by HRP/H2O2-mediated crosslinking in inverse miniemulsion. Both negatively charged polypeptide nanogels demonstrated pH stimuli-responsive behavior and thermal transitions, verified by changed hydrodynamic diameters. Loading and release were first optimized with BSA, after which
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Published 22 Jun 2022
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