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Search for "visualization" in Full Text gives 197 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

The softening of human bladder cancer cells happens at an early stage of the malignancy process

  • Jorge R. Ramos,
  • Joanna Pabijan,
  • Ricardo Garcia and
  • Malgorzata Lekka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 447–457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.52

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  • ) visualization, respectively. For image recording, the Olympus XC10 digital camera (resolution 1376 × 1032 pixels) was used. Images were recorded using the program CellSens Dimension (Olympus). The AFM is equipped with a liquid cell sitting on a x–y piezoscanner with a range of 100 × 100 µm2. The approach and
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Published 10 Apr 2014
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Published 08 Apr 2014

Constant-distance mode SECM as a tool to visualize local electrocatalytic activity of oxygen reduction catalysts

  • Michaela Nebel,
  • Thomas Erichsen and
  • Wolfgang Schuhmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 141–151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.14

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  • microscopy (SECM) [1][2] an ultramicroelectrode, which is referred to as the SECM tip, is moved in close distance in a grid-wise manner over a sample surface. The resulting tip current is detected as a function of the tip position within the scanned grid, thus enabling visualization of the local
  • investigations of the activity of catalyst powders [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. More recently recessed microelectrodes were already used for the visualization of powder catalyst activity using SECM [27][28]; however, cd-mode imaging and consequently topography-corrected activity determination was not
  • ) [29][30] with the 4D SF/CD mode (by analogy named as 4D SF/CD-RC-SECM) for high-resolution SECM investigations of heterogeneous oxygen reduction catalysts is introduced as a strategy to further adapt the SECM detection scheme towards local visualization of ORR catalyst activity with high resolution
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Published 07 Feb 2014

Manipulation of nanoparticles of different shapes inside a scanning electron microscope

  • Boris Polyakov,
  • Sergei Vlassov,
  • Leonid M. Dorogin,
  • Jelena Butikova,
  • Mikk Antsov,
  • Sven Oras,
  • Rünno Lõhmus and
  • Ilmar Kink

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.13

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  • certain limitations. AFM is used for both displacement and visualization of the initial and the final position of the NPs, but these two procedures cannot be performed simultaneously. Therefore there is no real-time visual feedback in a single line scan concerning the trajectory of the particle and its
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Published 05 Feb 2014

Friction behavior of a microstructured polymer surface inspired by snake skin

  • Martina J. Baum,
  • Lars Heepe and
  • Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 83–97, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.8

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  • PGMS samples was calculated depending on the pitch width and depth. For surface visualization, two scanning electron microscopes (SEM) were used (Hitachi S-4800 and TM-3000, Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) at an acceleration voltage of 2–3 kV and 5 kV, respectively. The polymer
  • of the cantilever amplitude while scanning the surface. Only images obtained with the error channel are shown, because this visualization method is helpful to gain a more vivid imaging of the surface topography. Scans were carried out at a 1 Hz scan rate and a resolution of 1024 × 1024 pixels with an
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Published 24 Jan 2014

Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts

  • Josef C. Meier,
  • Carolina Galeano,
  • Ioannis Katsounaros,
  • Jonathon Witte,
  • Hans J. Bongard,
  • Angel A. Topalov,
  • Claudio Baldizzone,
  • Stefano Mezzavilla,
  • Ferdi Schüth and
  • Karl J. J. Mayrhofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 44–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.5

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  • environmental conditions, for instance in moisturized air, were also reported [50],[61][62][63]. Aiming for a visualization of the degradation processes that electrocatalysts undergo under electrochemical conditions, our group has developed an electron microscopic method to study identical locations of
  • material. Most remarkably, a clear increase in the average particle size for the Pt/Vulcan is already visible from the SEM micrographs. A still better visualization of the platinum nanoparticles can be achieved with the higher resolution in TEM, where a 2D projection of the complete object under
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Published 16 Jan 2014

Atomic force microscopy recognition of protein A on Staphylococcus aureus cell surfaces by labelling with IgG–Au conjugates

  • Elena B. Tatlybaeva,
  • Hike N. Nikiyan,
  • Alexey S. Vasilchenko and
  • Dmitri G. Deryabin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 743–749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.84

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  • cell-surface markers for atomic force microscopy (AFM). The use of 30-nm size Au nanoparticles conjugated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) allowed the visualization, localization and distribution of protein A–IgG complexes on the surface of S. aureus. The selectivity of the labelling method was confirmed in
  • . Compared to traditional methods of visualization – scanning electron and optical microscopy – AFM offers important benefits: a high spatial resolution, a real quantitative data acquisition in three dimensions, a relatively simple and nondestructive sample preparation procedure and a flexibility in ambient
  • protein A, with IgG–Au conjugates by using the direct visualization of the labels on the bacterial cell surface as a criterion for identification. Results In the first step of our experimental procedure, IgG–Au conjugates were imaged. In Figure 1a, the results of these measurements are shown. Morphometric
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Published 11 Nov 2013

Deformation-induced grain growth and twinning in nanocrystalline palladium thin films

  • Aaron Kobler,
  • Jochen Lohmiller,
  • Jonathan Schäfer,
  • Michael Kerber,
  • Anna Castrup,
  • Ankush Kashiwar,
  • Patric A. Gruber,
  • Karsten Albe,
  • Horst Hahn and
  • Christian Kübel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 554–566, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.64

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  • extraction algorithm [54], which allows to identify the atoms in twin boundaries. The twin boundary density as a function of strain was computed as the atomic area of all atoms inside a twin boundary normalized by the total volume. Analysis and visualization was carried out using DXA [54] and OVITO [55]. BF
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Published 24 Sep 2013

Digging gold: keV He+ ion interaction with Au

  • Vasilisa Veligura,
  • Gregor Hlawacek,
  • Robin P. Berkelaar,
  • Raoul van Gastel,
  • Harold J. W. Zandvliet and
  • Bene Poelsema

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 453–460, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.53

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  • microscopy (HIM) was used to investigate the interaction of a focused He+ ion beam with energies of several tens of kiloelectronvolts with metals. HIM is usually applied for the visualization of materials with extreme surface sensitivity and resolution. However, the use of high ion fluences can lead to
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Published 24 Jul 2013

Polynomial force approximations and multifrequency atomic force microscopy

  • Daniel Platz,
  • Daniel Forchheimer,
  • Erik A. Tholén and
  • David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 352–360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.41

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  • acquisition for measurement of the multifrequency response [31]. Visualization of the matrix (a) and its pseudo-inverse (b). Only rows with non-zero elements are displayed. One frame from a surface-approach movie (see Supporting Information File 1) showing the very onset of repulsive forces. The beating
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Published 10 Jun 2013

Nanoscopic surfactant behavior of the porin MspA in aqueous media

  • Ayomi S. Perera,
  • Hongwang Wang,
  • Tej B. Shrestha,
  • Deryl L. Troyer and
  • Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 278–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.30

Graphical Abstract
  • ) were adapted from [18] using the UCSF Chimera software. Chimera is developed by the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco (supported by NIGMS P41-GM103311) [19]. Hydrodynamic diameter of MspA aggregates as a function of temperature
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Published 25 Apr 2013

Advanced atomic force microscopy techniques

  • Thilo Glatzel,
  • Hendrik Hölscher,
  • Thomas Schimmel,
  • Mehmet Z. Baykara,
  • Udo D. Schwarz and
  • Ricardo Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 893–894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.99

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  • . Data acquisition times have already reached the millisecond range, enabling the visualization of the dynamic behavior of biological molecules and cells. Other recent accomplishments include imaging of organic molecules with unprecedented resolution, full three-dimensional mapping of surface force
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Published 21 Dec 2012

Imaging ultra thin layers with helium ion microscopy: Utilizing the channeling contrast mechanism

  • Gregor Hlawacek,
  • Vasilisa Veligura,
  • Stefan Lorbek,
  • Tijs F. Mocking,
  • Antony George,
  • Raoul van Gastel,
  • Harold J. W. Zandvliet and
  • Bene Poelsema

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 507–512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.58

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  • . This dechanneling contrast is particularly well suited for the visualization of ultrathin layers of light elements on heavier substrates. Our results also highlight the importance of proper vacuum conditions for channeling-based experimental methods. Keywords: channeling; contrast mechanism; helium
  • , this permits the routine visualization of thin surface layers [7]. Contrast in BSHe images on the other hand is formed by differences in the backscattering probability of the impinging helium ions. As a rule of thumb these images therefore contain information on the elemental composition of the first
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Published 12 Jul 2012

Quantitative multichannel NC-AFM data analysis of graphene growth on SiC(0001)

  • Christian Held,
  • Thomas Seyller and
  • Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 179–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.19

Graphical Abstract
  • surface areas such as the one in Figure 4b by KPFM allows subsequent experiments to be aimed at a direct comparison between single and double layer graphene, for example, in friction experiments. While this visualization method allows for a quick identification of the surface structure, we will now
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Published 29 Feb 2012

Current-induced forces in mesoscopic systems: A scattering-matrix approach

  • Niels Bode,
  • Silvia Viola Kusminskiy,
  • Reinhold Egger and
  • Felix von Oppen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 144–162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.15

Graphical Abstract
  • Equation 75, to at least two oscillatory modes that we assume to be degenerate. The relevant vibrations in this case can be thought of as a center-of-mass vibration X1 between the leads, and a stretching mode X2. (It should be noted that this is for visualization purposes only. In reality, for an H2
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Published 20 Feb 2012

Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-coated ionic liquid drops: Micro-reactors for homogenous catalytic reactions at designated interfaces

  • Xiaoning Zhang and
  • Yuguang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 33–39, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.4

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  • IL-based applications. Furthermore, new applications – such as IL reactor, IL-circuit, and surface pattern visualization – require the precise control over the position of the IL drop on surface [6][7][8]. In this letter, we report studies of the chemical pattern-directed assembly of IL on surface
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Published 12 Jan 2012
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  • visualization indicated that Au nanoparticles were well-distributed over the whole nanoribbon structure, with a slight enrichment in the center part of the ribbon (Figure 8c), which probably reflects the presence of LPEI in the hybrid silica structure. HRTEM observation revealed that the Au nanoparticles had a
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Published 23 Nov 2011

Surface induced self-organization of comb-like macromolecules

  • Konstantin I. Popov,
  • Vladimir V. Palyulin,
  • Martin Möller,
  • Alexei R. Khokhlov and
  • Igor I. Potemkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 569–584, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.61

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  • lamellar phase has an unusual nonlinear soft elastic response due to the rotation of the LC groups. Comblike macromolecules adsorbed on a flat surface The physical behavior of adsorbed comb copolymers is much better understood, through the direct visualization of the molecules by SFM [98]. SFM allows the
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Published 12 Sep 2011

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopic imaging of patterned thiol monolayers

  • Johannes Stadler,
  • Thomas Schmid,
  • Lothar Opilik,
  • Phillip Kuhn,
  • Petra S. Dittrich and
  • Renato Zenobi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 509–515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.55

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  • a few scattered molecules on the surface that contribute to the overall signal and thus allows the visualization of patterned monolayer structures. In this article, we show that TERS can be used to image chemically heterogeneous surfaces without the need for labeling, even when the different
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Published 30 Aug 2011

Septipyridines as conformationally controlled substitutes for inaccessible bis(terpyridine)-derived oligopyridines in two-dimensional self-assembly

  • Daniel Caterbow,
  • Daniela Künzel,
  • Michael G. Mavros,
  • Axel Groß,
  • Katharina Landfester and
  • Ulrich Ziener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 405–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.46

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  • . For the addition and visualization steps, a homemade python script was used. Force field results were obtained from geometry optimizations of oligopyridine layers carried out with the Compass [32] force field as implemented in the Accelrys Materials Studio program package. Nine possible constitutional
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Published 26 Jul 2011

Superhydrophobicity in perfection: the outstanding properties of the lotus leaf

  • Hans J. Ensikat,
  • Petra Ditsche-Kuru,
  • Christoph Neinhuis and
  • Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 152–161, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.19

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  • ] showed unique properties of the epicuticular wax of the lotus. The high content of nonacosanediols leads to a high melting point as well as a strongly disturbed crystal structure which is the basis for the formation of tubules. The visualization of the contact zone between leaves and droplets with cryo
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Published 10 Mar 2011

Single-pass Kelvin force microscopy and dC/dZ measurements in the intermittent contact: applications to polymer materials

  • Sergei Magonov and
  • John Alexander

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 15–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.2

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  • compositional imaging. The high sensitivity of the AFM probe to various materials properties is behind such visualization of individual components of complex materials. So far, compositional imaging of heterogeneous polymer materials is primarily based on differences of local mechanical and adhesive properties
  • diameter. The same width was 4–5 nm on imaging with a carbon nanotube probe due to its high aspect ratio. In compositional mapping, the visualization of individual components is more important than obtaining the correct values of local mechanical or electrical properties. Therefore, the spatial resolution
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Published 06 Jan 2011
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