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Search for "LED" in Full Text gives 715 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86
- solution led to the destruction of previously imaged bacteria. In Figure 5A, a region heavily coated with PA was mapped in 0.5 M NaCl with FV with 500 pN as the maximum loading force, and in Figure 5B, the same region was imaged under the same conditions but with a maximal loading force of 3000 pN. A
Towards a quantitative theory for transmission X-ray microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1113–1128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.82
- patch sizes led to increasing deviations between the model and the experimental data. Specifically, as this azimuthal angular patch size increased, the increased coherence in the model led to more and more ringing in the predicted images (Supporting Information File 1, Section S8). Our observation is
- (Supporting Information File 1, Section S7). We found that this led to an axial elongation of the nanosphere image in the inc-BL model (Figure 3), suggesting that oblique, annular illumination contributed to the more elongated images in the pc-Mie model. Another key difference between the pc-Mie model and the
- predictions for soft X-ray light propagation through a 60 nm gold nanosphere. Our pc-Mie model however yielded predictions very different from the other 3D TXM model, namely the inc-BL model [20]. A key difference was that our model included the phase component δ of the sample’s refractive index, and this led
Influence of ion beam current on the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of TiO2 coatings: ion beam-assisted vs conventional electron beam evaporation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1097–1112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.81
- occurred for all coatings. In particular, an increase in ion beam current led to a reduction in crystallite size by approximately 30% compared to coatings prepared by conventional EBE process. The average anatase crystallite size for annealed films was in the range of 30.8 to 43.5 nm. A detailed SEM
- the conventional EBE method and an additional Iibg of 3 A, the optical bandgap energy was equal to 3.23 eV, while increasing Iibg to 4 A led to a slight decrease of Egopt to 3.16 eV. After post-process annealing, the value of the optical bandgap energy decreased for the film deposited without any
- substrates during deposition. In fact, this contributes to the increased density of the thin films. This increases the resistance to material removal and improves adhesion, which prevents delamination during abrasion. Moreover, the increased energy of ions during deposition led to the formation of a finer
Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77
- semiconductors and the dopant molecules. The redox potential of the dopant is a critical factor in regulating the Fermi level of the semiconductor. The research group led by Ishii and Yamashita utilizes proton coupling electron transfer reactions, which are extensively employed in biochemical processes [278
Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium adsorption on vertically arranged MoS2 layers coated with pyrolytic carbon
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 847–859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.64
- density from alkali metals to MoS2, which led to the 2H‒1T′ transition [19][32][53][54]. Such structural transformations are accompanied by the formation of Mo‒Mo and Na‒S bonds and the weakening of S–Mo bonds [3]. In the spectra of sodiated films, the Mo 3d and S 2p doublets related to sodium-free 2H
Supramolecular hydration structure of graphene-based hydrogels: density functional theory, green chemistry and interface application
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 806–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.61
- intersheet distance of 6.626 Å led to the intersheet binding energy of 0.04 eV/atom. A layer of water molecules in between two graphene sheets significantly declined the van der Waals force by 37.5% (from 0.064 to 0.040 eV). The bandgap of the water-intercalated bilayer graphene structure increased to 0.09
- GO-SG-ZH/PLA films are described in Figure 12 and summarized in Table 4. Additional data of measurement values and stress–strain curves are given in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1, Figure S4, Table S2, and Figure S5. Our previous paper presented that GO-ZnO coating on PLA film led to an
- % higher than that of blank PLA film. Nanosilica and graphene-based nanosheets were nanostructures with high elastic modulus for reinforcement of PLA films through load transfer mechanism. High elasticity of SG and GO-SG-ZH coatings led to the increases in elastic moduli of the coated films. Besides
Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl3: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58
- milliseconds. This method significantly reduced the incident photon dose compared to the survey spectra; however, it led to a lower statistical quality of the spectra. For further studies, we preferred to collect the core level spectra from maps using a defocused beam. In Figure 5, we have selected one
Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55
- of the model substance naproxen is achieved when using a CJ reactor instead of batch setups. By forming a thin liquid jet and controlling the PPV, the number of pulses required for a given yield was significantly reduced, which also led to a reduction of degradation products. After the complete
Nanostructured materials characterized by scanning photoelectron spectromicroscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 700–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.54
- nanostructured materials characterized by SPEM. Results and Discussion Chemical heterogeneities in layered transition metal dichalcogenides The heterogeneous chemical composition of the CrxTi1−xSe2 system was for the first time observed and described in [12]. The observed heterogeneity led to the splitting of
A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48
- , the increase in HDL cholesterol levels may be due to increased oral bioavailability [44]. Itankar et al. [45] also presented similar results to this study where the induction of DM led to a marked increase in serum levels of TG, TC, VLDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, as well as to a reduction in
Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46
- more effective wound-healing substitutes [50]. Recent advancements in tissue regeneration have further led to the development of innovative wound dressings such as hydrogels and electrospun scaffolds [51]. Electrospinning is an extremely flexible technique that can convert liquids, suspensions, or
Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44
- specificity allow for efficient capture even at low concentrations, crucial in the complex biological environment of the brain. Recent advancements in immunoassay technology have led to the development of ultrasensitive methods for detecting Aβ-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) and AβOs. A novel immunoassay
- NPs led to a higher permeability of RA and CUR across the BBB. This suggests that the antibody plays a crucial role in improving the uptake of NPs by cells and drug delivery to the brain [65]. Additionally, antibody conjugation can help to reduce the immunogenicity of NPs, enhancing their safety and
- amyloid oligomers have led to side effects such as hydrocephalus, inflammation, and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities [90]. These side effects can be attributed to the activation of the complement system by the interaction of amyloid oligomers and antibodies, leading to the release of proinflammatory
Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in CdxZn1−xO composite thin films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43
- irradiation stability of the B2 phase through SHI with 120 MeV silver and 80 MeV oxygen ions, revealing distinct behaviors in response to each ion type. Silver ion irradiation was shown to induce amorphization in the B2 phase, while oxygen ion irradiation led to the notable recovery of the B1 phase. This
Water in nanoporous hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets: a first-principles study
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 510–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.39
- recent decades, technological advances such as membrane technology and energy recovery equipment have led to a considerable reduction in the energy required to desalinate seawater [2][3]. The proposal to use membranes that exhibit superior selectivity and high water flux has been a major focus for
N2+-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38
- lower thickness, the films exhibit higher tensile stress due to grain boundary contacts and point defects generated during the first phase of film growth. The increased thickness of films led to larger crystallites and improved crystallinity, which reduced tensile stress by decreasing atomic-scale
- to 300 nm also led to noticeable changes in morphology. With the increase in thickness, rough peaks evolved into broader and flatter shapes. The fast Fourier transform images indicate random distribution with different orientations of particles. The surface morphology parameters are listed in Table 3
Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34
- . sLPD assemblies exhibited higher colloidal stability and cellular internalisation compared to free G3139 and non-stabilised counterparts. As a result, significantly higher inhibition of Bcl-2 proteins was observed in sLPD-treated groups, which led to induced apoptosis of KB cells and increased
- controlled release through disulfide bond cleavage [139]. Following dendrimer PEGylation (PEG5000 modified with a synthetic luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue) provided greater particle stability and active targeting to specific cancer cells, which led to increased intratumoral
Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29
- through various pathways. This has led to significant concerns regarding developing rapid onsite qualitative and quantitative methods for estimating SDS in aqueous solutions. Although a range of high-throughput techniques is currently utilized for SDS quantification, these methods are often expensive
- sulfate group, with sodium as the counter-ion. The amphiphilic structure of SDS, integrating a hydrophobic alkyl chain and a hydrophilic headgroup, confers unique physicochemical properties that are leveraged in various applications. However, the widespread use of SDS in different applications led to the
Fabrication and evaluation of BerNPs regarding the growth and development of Streptococcus mutans
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 308–315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.23
- , ultimately triggering cell death [32]. The findings of Peng et al. on Streptococcus agalactiae indicated that berberine significantly disrupted the cell membrane structure. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis results showed that some protein bands were blurred or absent, suggesting that berberine led to complete or
Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 286–307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.22
- chitosan/PVA nanofibers using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and reported enhanced wettability, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of the fibers. The argon and oxygen plasma treatments led to significant cross-linking of the fibers, which improved tensile strength and Young’s modulus
Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21
- with a suitable transition metal and synthesizing composite materials. Several advanced photocatalysts have been developed and successfully used to prevent antibiotics contamination, a list of which is shown below in Table 1. These modifications have led to improved charge separation rates, reduced
Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18
- . Such a trend was observed in a study of Jun et al. [47] in which MWCNTs conjugated with chitosan oligomers and with incorporated tea polyphenols for cancer treatment were irradiated by gamma rays from 60Co for 30 min with a dose of 1.5 Gy. The irradiation also led to changes in zeta potential to lower
- oxidation, the content of functional groups increased because of the increase in the effective surface for functionalization (or decrease in size) and the increase in number of defective sites on the MWCNTs created by the gamma photons. In addition, an exposure of SWCNTs to gamma radiation led to a
- significantly higher extent of functionalization with single-stranded DNA [64]. It was also shown that gamma radiation with low doses, 25 and 50 kGy, improved the graphite arrangement of MWCNTs; higher doses, 100 and 150 kGy, led to major structural deteriorations, while very high doses above 200 kGy distorted
Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16
- damage to surrounding tissues due to inadequate control over the heat distribution [100][101][102][103][104][105]. Innovations in this field have led to the development of transparent polylactic acid (PLA) thin films with embedded iron oxide nanoclusters prepared via spin coating [51]. The efficient
- a frequent complication following ophthalmic surgery [146][147][148]. While antibiotics remain the most effective treatment against microbial infections, their global overuse has led to the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains [149][150][151]. In response, Zhou et al. developed a
- showed that ICG liposomes led to subtle disruption effects in the ILM, in which completely ablated ILM regions alternate with intact regions. Photoporation strategies to overcome the ILM have the potential to improve the efficacy of all retinal therapies impeded by ILM delivery barriers, including
A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO2 capture
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14
- synthesis [32]. The resulting constructions have pore sizes ranging from microporous (<2 nm) to mesoporous (2–50 nm) [30][36]. This simple strategy has led to substantial exploration of various MOFs with different structures and properties for various applications in heterogeneous catalysis, biomedicine
- displayed severe curling and exhibited poor MOF distributions, attributed to the prolonged evaporation times required, as well as the low viscosity and density of this solvent. In contrast, the MMMs produced in oxolane, dichloromethane, and chloroform led to generally well-formed MMMs with reasonable
- modification expanded the pore-limiting diameter marginally from 2.8 to 2.9 Å, while maintaining the overall MOF topology. This isoreticular fine-tuning led to an increase in CO2/N2 selectivity from 180 to 500 in simulations of a 15/85 binary CO2/N2 mixture at 1 bar and 293 K. Alternatively, incorporating pro
Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10
- . Intranasal delivery has emerged as a promising strategy for targeting the central nervous system by bypassing the blood–brain barrier (BBB). This approach was demonstrated by the nose-to-brain administration of D6-cholestrol-loaded liposomes, which led to an accumulation of D6-cholesterol in the brain in
Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8
- peak current, though a steady addition led to decreased currents, possibly due to surface accumulation. The Nyquist plots display a larger impedance for ZnO electrodes. To fit the data into an analogous circuit, an uninterrupted phase element (Q1) was introduced with the adjustable parameters angular
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