Durable antimicrobial activity of fabrics functionalized with zeolite ion-exchanged nanomaterials against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

• Perla Sánchez-López,
• Kendra Ramirez Acosta,
• Sergio Fuentes Moyado,
• Ruben Dario Cadena-Nava and
• Elena Smolentseva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 262–274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.18

• crystallographic planes (101), (101), and (002), respectively. Modification of the fabrics with nanomaterials led to an increase in the intensity of all peaks, while the position of the signals in XRD patterns remained unchanged (Figure 3). The later may be explained by the increase in crystallinity due to

Multilayered hyperbolic Au/TiO₂ nanostructures for enhancing the nonlinear response around the epsilon-near-zero point

• Fernando Arturo Araiza-Sixtos,
• Mauricio Gomez-Robles,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel and
• Raúl Rangel-Rojo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 251–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.17

• , a value that is comparable to other ENZ materials in literature. Keywords: epsilon-near-zero (ENZ); hyperbolic metamaterials; nonlinear optics (NLO); Introduction In recent years, the invention of new techniques to fabricate nanostructured materials led to the creation of metamaterials. These new

Gold nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a highly effective catalyst for the selective α,β-dehydrogenation of N-alkyl-4-piperidones

• Brenda Flore Kenyim,
• Mihir Tzalis,
• Marilyn Kaul,
• Robert Oestreich,
• Aysenur Limon,
• Chancellin Pecheu Nkepdep and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 218–238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.15

• scale have led to many catalytic studies at the industrial and laboratory scale [1]. Nanocatalysis is no longer just an academic field, but a rapidly evolving field for industries wishing to develop green and sustainable processes with very high turnover numbers, turnover rates, and stabilities [2]. The

• (entry 3, 6, 7, and 9) extending the reaction time up to 10 or 15 h led only to a slight increase in conversion, except for the Au@SiW9/AC catalyst in entry 7, which reached 100% conversion after an additional 7 h (i.e., 15 h in total) (see the conversion data in Supporting Information File 1, Table S3

Micro- and nanoscale effects in biological and bioinspired materials and surfaces

• Thies H. Büscher,
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira,
• Manuela Rebora and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 214–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.14

• discussions and collaborations from this symposium led to the motivation of vigorously representing this area in the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, resulting in more than just one thematic issue showcasing novel research in this field. Emerging from this event, a first thematic issue "Biomimetics and

Safe and sustainable by design with ML/AI: A transformative approach to advancing nanotechnology

• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 176–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.11

• valuable, are resource intensive and inadequate to fully address the dynamic risks associated with ENMs and their myriad nanoscale forms (i.e., different sizes, geometries, coatings) [11]. The need for more proactive and efficient methodologies has led to the emergence of the Safe and Sustainable by Design

From shield to spear: Charge-reversible nanocarriers in overcoming cancer therapy barriers

• Madhuri Yeduvaka,
• Pooja Mittal,
• Ameer Boyalakuntla,
• Usman Bee Shaik,
• Himanshu Sharma,
• Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
• Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula and
• Lakshmi Vineela Nalla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 159–175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.10

• and melatonin to MCF-7 breast cancer cells, achieved efficient cellular uptake and significant cytotoxicity, which led to cell apoptosis in acidic conditions [82]. Guo et al. designed dual-pH-responsive, CRNs DMMA-P-DOX/LAP for co-delivering doxorubicin and lapatinib to breast cancer cells, enabling

Capabilities of the 3D-MLSI software tool in superconducting neuron design

• Irina E. Tarasova,
• Nikita S. Shuravin,
• Liubov N. Karelina,
• Fedor A. Razorenov,
• Evgeny N. Zhardetsky,
• Aleksandr S. Ionin,
• Mikhail M. Khapaev and
• Vitaly V. Bol’ginov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 122–138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.8

• investigations were performed as described in Appendix A. Numerical simulations were carried out assuming a truncated superconducting screen with a gap between the structure and the screen edge of 50 μm. Thus, the screen size (225…170 μm × 243…177 μm) was larger compared to test C-shaped SQUIDs, which led to an

Development and in vitro evaluation of liposomes and immunoliposomes containing 5-fluorouracil and R-phycoerythrin as a potential phototheranostic system for colorectal cancer

• Raissa Rodrigues Camelo,
• Vivianne Cortez Sombra Vandesmet,
• Octavio Vital Baccallini,
• José de Brito Vieira Neto,
• Thais da Silva Moreira,
• Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira Leal,
• Claudia Pessoa,
• Daniel Giuliano Cerri,
• Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley,
• Josimar O. Eloy,
• Ivanildo José da Silva Júnior and
• Raquel Petrilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 97–121, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.7

Reduced graphene oxide paper electrode for lithium-ion cells – towards optimized thermal reduction

• Agata Pawłowska,
• Magdalena Baran,
• Stefan Marynowicz,
• Aleksandra Izabela Banasiak,
• Adrian Racki,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Tymoteusz Ciuk,
• Marta Wolczko and
• Andrzej Budziak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 24–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.3

• tests led to further loss in capacity. For a current density of 30 mA/g, the discharge capacity values dropped to 246, 109, 190, and 221 mAh/g for samples M300, T400, T600, and T800; the discharge capacity dropped further to 145, 45, 148, and 193 mAh/g when a current density of 50 mA/g was applied. At

Quantitative estimation of nanoparticle/substrate adhesion by atomic force microscopy

• Aydan Çiçek,
• Markus Kratzer,
• Christian Teichert and
• Christian Mitterer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.1

• particles between 6 and 12 nm. In addition, an applied positive substrate bias voltage led to more energetic landing conditions and thus to increased adhesion forces. This study underscores the suitability of atomic force microscopy in characterizing adhesion on the nanoscale and offers insights into future

Visualizing nanostructures in supramolecular hydrogels: a correlative study using confocal and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy

• Shaun M. Smith,
• Ferdinando Malagreca,
• Jacqueline Hicks,
• Giuseppe Mantovani,
• David B. Amabilino,
• Christopher Parmenter and
• Lluïsa Pérez-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2274–2284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.156

• relatively low absorbance and fluorescence quantum yield of the phthalocyanine dye, necessitating high fluorophore concentrations and mechanical compression for imaging. These constraints led to artefacts and obscured the true morphology of the gel. However, cryo-SEM imaging of ZnPc@Gel revealed well-formed

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

• photoreduction [103]. We found that the preferential stabilization of the lateral sides of Ag NRs by hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) led to Ag reduction selectively on the two tips. Under CPL, this ligand passivation-mediated growth generated a “hook”-shaped nanostructure at an early stage of the

• ]. The simulations considered the polarization vectors of the incident light. The dissymmetric shapes of the gold nano-twisters led to the mixing of different plasmon modes, generating a nonzero CD. The first step in calculating the CD of experimentally obtained cPNSs is to import the morphological

• two proteins due to the supramolecular interactions between the chiral extracellular domains and the curved chiral nanoparticles, which led to the enantiomer-dependent immunological response. Nam et al. have shown that the stronger binding affinities of molecules to regions of both positive and

Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• for Zn2+ and a visible chromatic shift for Co2+. An increase in the fluorescence intensity and a color transition from colorless to yellow led to the determination of these cations, respectively [86]. Alhalafi [87] has currently explored that the reaction of 3-amino-2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-one with

• luminol and percarbonate (H2O2 source) in an alkaline setting, where Co2+ released from VB12 acted as the recognition element, luminol served as the indicator, and the CL emission intensity represented the sensing signal. UV irradiation in the persulfate environment led to the liberation of Co2+ from the

Electromagnetic study of a split-ring resonator metamaterial with cold-electron bolometers

• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Revin and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2199–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.152

• in the SRR dimensions and the array period by 20% led to a broadening of the absorption bandwidth and a small shift of the first resonance maximum towards higher frequencies. A further reduction of dimensions by 40% resulted in an even wider bandwidth; however, the peak absorbed power began

Missing links in nanomaterials research impacting productivity and perceptions

• Santosh K. Tiwari and
• Nannan Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2168–2176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.149

• notably less than the often-cited (and inflated) $1 trillion figure [13][14][15]. This funding has primarily supported fundamental research across materials science, chemistry, physics, and bioengineering. These efforts have led to major scientific advances, mainly in nanoelectronics, nanomedicine

Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

• pollution MP pollution has emerged into the limelight internationally and has led to many policies and regulations addressing its effects. At the international scale, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has demonstrated significant initiative in the form of deliberations of a Global Plastic

• citizen-led initiatives among others are single-use plastic prohibitions at the local government level and waste management programs. Sikkim took the lead as the first Indian state to prohibit single-use plastics back in 1998, and later Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, and Bhutan followed suit [126]. The

Quality by design optimization of microemulsions for topical delivery of Passiflora setacea seed oil

• Daniel T. Pereira,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Danielle T. Freire,
• Dayanne L. Porto,
• Cícero F. S. Aragão,
• Myla L. de Souza,
• Guilherme R. S. de Araujo,
• Ana Maria Costa,
• Wógenes N. Oliveira,
• Anne Sapin-Minet,
• Éverton N. Alencar and
• Eryvaldo Sócrates T. Egito

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.146

• effects of the formulation variables. As expected, increasing oil concentration was associated with higher hydrodynamic diameter, PdI, and visual classification scores. In contrast, higher concentrations of the Smix led to reductions in all three response values, indicating microemulsion uniformity and

Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation

• Michał Bartkowski,
• Francesco Calzaferri and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144

• Health and Safety Executive and the UK REACH framework play key roles. In the US, regulation is led by the Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration. For additional perspective, Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has also developed guidelines for nanomaterials

Multifrequency AFM integrating PeakForce tapping and higher eigenmodes for heterogeneous surface characterization

• Yanping Wei,
• Jiafeng Shen,
• Yirong Yao,
• Xuke Li,
• Ming Li and
• Peiling Ke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2077–2085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.142

• stiffness, insufficient sample deformation led to significant variability in modulus measurements (Figure 3b), indicating the ScanAsyst-Air probe was unsuitable for reliable Young’s modulus quantification. Comparative analysis revealed a high degree of similarity in the topography, modulus, and adhesion

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

• [11][13]. Since the simulation assumed a frictionless vacuum environment, thermostats like dissipative particle dynamics and Langevin [53][54], which introduce implicit friction, are inherently unsuitable. In particular, Langevin dynamics led to unphysical effects such as loss of spatula jump-to

• the pull-off (loading) phase, the seta top was moved upwards by reversing the direction of the applied displacement, again using 1 nm per load step. This eventually led to detachment of the spatulae from the substrate. The pull-off was continued until all spatulae were outside the interaction range of

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• composition on fiber formation by analyzing the concentrations of the core components and the process flow rate as variables. It was observed that the concentration of NE-βCp in the core had a significant impact on fiber morphology, as illustrated in Figure 2. The presence of NE-βCp led to an increase in the

• achieved when the relative humidity was below 45% [47]. Regarding the NE-βCp concentration, it was evident that values above 2% (Figure 2B) led to the formation of more heterogeneous fibers with a higher density of beads, likely because the increased droplet content hindered proper flow and elongation of

• consistent with those reported by Vidal et al. [68]. The incorporation of an AH core into the PLA nanofibers led to an increase in Tonset to 301.2 C and Tmax to 337.4 °C. Similarly, the addition of the HA+NE core also increased the Tonset to 294.7 °C and the Tmax to 343.6 °C. These results indicate that the

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

• solvents including methanol. The authors explained the influence of the methanol environment on the nanomaterial shape by attributing it to chemical reactions between iron and methanol molecules, which resulted in the formation of goethite (FeO(OH)) and subsequently led to nanowire growth: Since iron oxide

• ], where high ligand density led to truncated octahedral PbSe nanostructures, while reduced surface ligand concentration (achieved by washing) resulted in cubic structures. This result shows that addition or removal of surface ligands may result in nanocrystals of different shapes. The length of organic

• -shaping of silver NPs under LED irradiation with wavelengths in the range of 405–720 nm resulted in dodecahedral, plate-, or rod-like nanostructures depending on the wavelength (Figure 7g,h). In principle, the introduction of any other nanoscale inclusions or powders into the liquid would act in a similar

PEGylated lipids in lipid nanoparticle delivery dynamics and therapeutic innovation

• Peiyang Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1914–1930, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.133

• -based LNPs formulated with varying DMPE-PEG2k content from 1 to 5 mol %, changes were observed in nanoparticle diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), surface charge, and payload encapsulation efficiency (EE%). Increasing the PEG lipid content led to a reduction in the hydrodynamic diameter of LNPs, with

• fraction of PEG lipids can affect LNP characterizations. In DMPE-PEG5k LNPs, increasing the PEG lipid fraction from 1.5 mol % to 5 mol % resulted in no significant change in particle size but led to a substantial encapsulation efficiency drop from over 90% to below 80%. While in LNPs incorporating Chol-PEG

• prior exposure to PEG-containing products [64]. In a recent study, Liu et al. established mouse models with pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies and demonstrated that PEGylated mRNA-LNP vaccines led to diminished spike protein expression with increased complement activation. Such effects were not observed

Targeting the vector of arboviruses Aedes aegypti with nanoemulsions based on essential oils: a review with focus on larvicidal and repellent properties

• Laryssa Ferreira do Nascimento Silva,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Mariana Alice Gonzaga Gabú,
• Maria Cecilia Queiroga dos Santos,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Mylena Lemos dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa and
• Fabio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1894–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.132

• common control measures [61][62]. Historically, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), in collaboration with Latin American governments, led efforts to eradicate Ae. aegypti in the Americas during the 1950s and 1960s, primarily using dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and other persistent

Current status of using adsorbent nanomaterials for removing microplastics from water supply systems: a mini review

• Nguyen Thi Nhan and
• Tran Le Luu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1837–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.127

• Nguyen Thi Nhan Tran Le Luu Master Program in Water Technology, Reuse and Management, Vietnamese German University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.16.127 Abstract The widespread use of plastic has led to microplastics (MPs) being released in many water sources. MP contamination in water