Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• fluorescent microscope equipped with a Nikon Digital slight Ds-Ri1 CCD camera and a NIS element BR imaging software (Nikon, Minato Tokyo, Japan). Three independent experiments were performed for each group and a representative image is shown in the results. Transfection of the GFP-LC3 plasmid The GFP-LC3

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• -1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), dichloromethane (DCM), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), triethylamine (TEA), N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), acetonitrile (CH3CN), 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, piperidine, petroleum ether (PE), and ethyl acetate (EA) were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (China). Boron trifluoride diethyl

• of BDP. (a) 2,4-dimethylpyrrole, TFA, DCM, 25°C, 8 h; DDQ, DCM, 25 °C, 0.5 h; TEA, BF3·OEt2, 25 °C, 2 h; (b) NIS, DCM, 25 °C, 1 h; (c) 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, piperidine, CH3CN, 80 °C, 2 h. Preparation orders and appearance of different formed AB-LNPs. Method A: Au3+ was added to the preformed LNPs to

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• efficiency. This concept is based on negative electrothermal feedback for an incoming signal, which is due to the direct electron cooling of the absorber by the normal metal–insulator–superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. Recently, in receivers with cold-electron bolometers [4][5][6], electron cooling from

• , and the coefficient β shows how much of PS comes back to the absorber. PA = IAV is the power due to Andreev heating current, V is the voltage drop across the NIS junction, and Pleak = V2/Rleak is the power associated with the leakage current. The quasi-particle tunneling current is written as: where V

• is the NIS junction voltage, Te and Ts are the electron temperatures in the normal metal and the superconductor, is the density of states in the superconductor, Δ is the superconducting gap, and kB is the Boltzmann constant. Using the integral of the tunneling current through the NIS junction

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• specific capacitance of the resultant composites was twice as high as that of Co(OH)2 nanosheets [17]. Liu et al. synthesized a MXene/nickel sulfide (NiS) nanocomposite using a basic hydrothermal technique and measured a specific capacitance of 857.8 F·g−1. NiS has advantages such as good conductivity and

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• propidium iodide fluorophores according to the protocol and incubated in the dark for 30 min before the CLSM analyses. The reconstructions of the biofilm images were performed using the NIS-Elements interactive software. The percentage of red-stained cells was quantified with the BioFilmAnalyzer software

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• Analytical Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Nis, Visegradska 33, 18000 Nis, Serbia Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Leninsky Prospekt 65, 119991 Moscow, Russia Felix-Bloch-Institut, Universität Leipzig

Kelvin probe force microscopy of the nanoscale electrical surface potential barrier of metal/semiconductor interfaces in ambient atmosphere

• Petr Knotek,
• Tomáš Plecháček,
• Jan Smolík,
• Petr Kutálek,
• Filip Dvořák,
• Milan Vlček,
• Jiří Navrátil and
• Čestmír Drašar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1401–1411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.138

• (NIs/NPs) into the bulk semiconducting matrices has been proposed [4][5][6] and supported in theoretical works [7][8][9]. Such NIs or NPs are able to enhance ZT via a reduction of the thermal conductivity by phonon scattering [10][11][12][13][14], by modulated carrier doping or by the carrier energy

• harm to other transport parameters. The characterization of NIs or NPs in TE materials is realized most frequently by the different modes of atomic force microscopy (AFM): i) by comparing the conductivity/resistivity (CAFM) or I–V curves measurement in the direct-contact of the conductive tip and the

• forming Au/Bi2Se3 alloy and NIs in the shape of a semispherical defect, whereas Mo reacts with the matrix and forms thermodynamically more stable layered MoSe2 in the shape of nanosheets. Experimental Single crystalline Bi2Se3 samples were grown by heating stoichiometric mixtures of the pure elements

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• analysed using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Quantification of the QD fluorescence signal was performed using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software. Cell viability in 3D culture Cell viability in the 3D culture was analysed by propidium iodide (PI, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). MSCs

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• ). Each channel was recorded separately to avoid spectral overlap. The images were analysed using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software (Nikon, Japan). Endocytosis inhibitor assay To analyse the pathway of QD uptake in MSCs, five endocytosis inhibitors were selected: the clathrin pathway inhibitor chlorpromazine

• Phalloidin Alexa Fluor488 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) as previously described and analysed using confocal microscopy. Quantification of the QD fluorescent signal was achieved using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software. Single cell borders were defined according to the Phalloidin Alexa488 staining. The mean

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• generated by using NIS-AR software installed on the microscope PC (Nikon Instruments Inc.). For measurements the patterned areas of interest were marked, and fluorescence intensity was automatically recorded. Mean fluorescence intensity after background extraction was calculated using the onboard NIS-AR

Nonlinear thermoelectric effects in high-field superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions

• Stefan Kolenda,
• Peter Machon,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1579–1585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.152

• regime are normal-metal/insulator/superconductor (NIS) junctions under voltage bias close to the energy gap of the superconductor, which provide local electronic refrigeration [10][11]. Charge and spin transport in the nonlinear bias regime have also been investigated experimentally [8][9] and

• conductance G(E) which breaks particle–hole symmetry contributes to the thermoelectric current, i.e., the part proportional to Nz(E). At finite voltage bias V, schematically depicted in Figure 1c, the current through a NIS or FIS junction always depends on temperature, as the forward and backwards currents

• form a nonmagnetic junction (NIS). Details of the sample parameters and characterization can be found in [17]. First, we would like to focus on the dependence on thermal excitation. Here, we probe the nonlinearity by changing the excitation amplitude δT. This is of interest for thermometry applications

Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymers as templates for stacked, spherical large-mesopore silica coatings: dependence of silica pore size on the PS/PEO ratio

• Roberto Nisticò,
• Giuliana Magnacca,
• Sushilkumar A. Jadhav and
• Dominique Scalarone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1454–1460, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.137

• Roberto Nistico Giuliana Magnacca Sushilkumar A. Jadhav Dominique Scalarone University of Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.7.137 Abstract Large-mesopore silica films with a

Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Marina Dobrivojević,
• Lada Brkić Ahmed,
• Michal Babič,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Daniel Horák and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 926–936, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.84

• nanoparticle morphology and to identify crystal structure, respectively. Micrographs were processed by image analysis program NIS Elements (Laboratory Imaging, Prague, Czech Republic). More than 100 particles were segmented in each experiment using automated edge detection. Each particle was characterized by

Selective porous gates made from colloidal silica nanoparticles

• Roberto Nisticò,
• Paola Avetta,
• Paola Calza,
• Debora Fabbri,
• Giuliana Magnacca and
• Dominique Scalarone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2105–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.215

• Roberto Nistico Paola Avetta Paola Calza Debora Fabbri Giuliana Magnacca Dominique Scalarone University of Torino, Department of Chemistry, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy NIS Research Centre, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.6.215 Abstract Highly selective porous films

Functionalized nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance under solar light

• Liejin Guo,
• Dengwei Jing,
• Maochang Liu,
• Yubin Chen,
• Shaohua Shen,
• Jinwen Shi and
• Kai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 994–1004, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.113

• have been reported to be effective to enhance photocatalytic H2 evolution on CdS [25]. Low-cost WC was also used as efficient cocatalyst on CdS because of its low overpotential for hydrogen production and proper physicochemical properties [26]. The Xu group has studied the effect of NiS working as a

• cocatalyst. A simple hydrothermal method was used to synthesize NiS/CdS photocatalysts, which have a remarkably high QE of 51.3% at 420 nm in lactic acid sacrificial solution [27]. Co-loading of both reduction and oxidation cocatalysts on the semiconductor was also suggested to be able to enhance the

• nanosized NiS surface heterojunctions. The hydrogen evolution rate over this photocatalyst could reach 1.4 mmol/h, with a QE of 33.9%. This efficiency is much higher than that of many photocatalysts containing noble metals. As shown in Figure 4, in the hybrid photocatalyst, the NiS nanoparticles can serve

Charge and spin transport in mesoscopic superconductors

• M. J. Wolf,
• F. Hübler,
• S. Kolenda and
• D. Beckmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 180–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.18

• is quite good, despite the oversimplification of the model. We note that, usually, the current through an NIS junction does not depend on the temperature of the normal metal due to particle–hole symmetry. This is no longer true if a spin-dependent density of states in the superconductor is combined

Preparation of NiS/ZnIn₂S₄ as a superior photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation

• Liang Wei,
• Yongjuan Chen,
• Jialin Zhao and
• Zhaohui Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 949–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.107

• Liang Wei Yongjuan Chen Jialin Zhao Zhaohui Li Research Institute of Photocatalysis, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis–State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.4.107 Abstract In this study, NiS/ZnIn2S4 nanocomposites were

• for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation was also investigated. It was found that the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity over hexagonal ZnIn2S4 can be significantly increased by loading NiS as a co-catalyst. The formation of a good junction between ZnIn2S4 and NiS via the two

• step hydrothermal processes is beneficial for the directional migration of the photo-excited electrons from ZnIn2S4 to NiS. The highest photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (104.7 μmol/h), which is even higher than that over Pt/ZnIn2S4 nanocomposite (77.8 μmol/h), was observed over an optimum NiS