Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• into cancer cells [15][16][17]. Exposure to GO has been shown to trigger autophagy response through toll-like receptors in CT26 cells, mouse colorectal fibroblast carcinoma cells, and lysosomal destabilization in PC12 cells, rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cancer cells, leading to cell death [18][19

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• an influence of their different physical characteristics. In a study of Zhang et al. [89], pure 2D graphene showed lower concentration-dependent toxicity than highly purified SWCNTs in vitro (PC12 cells, similar to primary culture of fetal neurons) after 24 h of exposure; but in another study [90

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• “reinforcement” methods for overcoming the inherent drawbacks of using photoresist masters. We show that the PU nanopillars and nanoholes increase the neurite length of pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells through unique growth cone interactions. Moreover, we demonstrate, for the first time, that hierarchically

• positively affect neural functions and neurite outgrowth [3]. Studies on in vitro models for peripheral neurons show promising results for such structures, to wit, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanotubes and SU-8 nanoholes resulted in significantly longer neurites in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells [5][6

• possibly due to the introduction of C=O and C–OH bonds on the surface, which leads to a negative charge for electrostatic attraction of positively charged laminin molecules [23][24]. PC12 neurite outgrowth on PU nanopillars and nanoholes PC12 cells attached well on all the laminin-coated substrates and

Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms

• Bin Song,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Jia Liu,
• Xiaoli Feng,
• Ting Zhou and
• Longquan Shao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57

• found that prenatal exposure to TiO2 NPs could alter the expression of neurotransmitter genes as well as genes associated with apoptosis, OS, and psychiatric disorders. TiO2 NPs decreased cell viability in PC12 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner by increasing the level of ROS and proportion of

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

• Julia M. Tan,
• Jhi Biau Foo,
• Sharida Fakurazi and
• Mohd Zobir Hussein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.23

• to investigate their possible effects on normal neuronal cells in vitro. It was found that the synthesized nanohybrid did not compromise the cell viability and the PC12 cells remained stable throughout the experiments up to 72 h after treatment. Keywords: carboxylic acid-functionalized single-walled

• carbon nanotubes; levodopa; MTT assay; nanomedicine; Parkinson’s disease; PC12 cells; sustained release; Introduction Over the past few years, the revolutionary development of nanomedicine has emerged as one of the most prominent research areas in biomedical science. This interdisciplinary technology is

• examine the cytotoxic effect of the synthesized SWCNT–LD nanohybrid on PC12 cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The number of living cells (indicated by the optical density, OD) in each well was directly recorded by the UV absorbance at 24, 48 and 72 h. It is