Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

• Tina Friedenauer,
• Maximilian Spellauge,
• Alexander Sommereyns,
• Verena Labenski,
• Tuba Esatbeyoglu,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Heinz P. Huber and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

• diameters was investigated under one-PPV conditions. Here, the key is to use feedstock particle diameters of 5–10 µm as there is an interplay between two opposing effects, namely, (I) an increased absorbance-to-scattering ratio of laser light by larger MPs, which benefits efficient particle fragmentation

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• oxidative stress, thus elucidating the ROS inhibition by FLG–TA. The UV–vis spectroscopic analysis (Figure S5, Supporting Information File 1) revealed a significant decrease in absorbance of the FLG–TA composite following exposure to DPPH solution, indicating oxidative modification of the material under ROS

• through a 0.22 μm PVDF membrane until a clear solution was obtained. The absorbance of the filtrate was immediately measured using a UV–vis spectrophotometer at 275 nm (A275). Free tannic acid concentrations C (in µg·mL−1) were determined using the equation A275 = 0.4131C − 0.0004 (r2 = 0.9972) derived

• ethanol, and 1 mL of this solution was mixed with 1 mL of TA solution at various concentrations (0.006–4.000 μg·mL−1). The absorbance was then measured at 517 nm against a blank sample (ethanol). Lower absorbance values in the reaction mixture indicate higher DPPH free radical scavenging activity. A

Aprepitant-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance oral bioavailability

• Mazhar Hussain,
• Muhammad Farooq,
• Muhammad Asad Saeed,
• Muhammad Ijaz,
• Sherjeel Adnan,
• Zeeshan Masood,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Wafa Ishaq and
• Nabeela Ameer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 652–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.50

• solutions were collected through micropipette and filtered by using membrane filter (0.45 µm). The APT concentration was determined in the supernatant using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (UV 1800 Shimadzu, Japan) measuring the absorbance at λmax of 210 nm [13]. Drug content and encapsulation efficiency Drug

• absorbance of the filtered solution was determined at λmax = 210 nm. The experiment was performed in triplicate. The quantity of APT was measured by using a calibration curve of increasing concentrations of APT [10]. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) was calculated as follows: Physicochemical

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

• Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
• Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
• Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
• Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
• Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
• Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
• Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
• Ênio Pereira Telles,
• Luiz André Santos Silva,
• Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
• Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
• Daniel Alves de Souza,
• Jileno Ferreira Santos,
• Felipe José Aidar Martins,
• Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
• Sandra Lauton-Santos,
• Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
• Cristiane Bani Correa,
• Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
• Lysandro Pinto Borges and
• Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

• carried out using the methodology adapted from Brand-Williams and colleagues [53]. An aliquot of 50 μL of each sample was added to 150 μL of methanolic DPPH solution (0.6 mM/L), and after 30 min, the absorbance was read in a spectrophotometer at 515 nm. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was expressed

• as a percentage calculated from the absorbance values of the control and the sample. For ABTS, the methodology from Brand-Williams and colleagues was also adapted [53]. Initially, the ABTS solution was activated 16 h before the experiment by mixing 1.25 mL of ABTS stock solution and 22 μL of

• potassium persulfate solution. Then, 30 μL of each sample was pipetted and 300 μL of ABTS solution was added. After 6 min, the ABTS radical scavenging activity was read on a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 734 nm and calculated from the absorbance of the control and the sample. Using the FRAP method

N₂⁺-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

• Usha Rani,
• Kafi Devi,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

• . Optical studies using spectroscopic ellipsometry reveal a significant increase in absorbance and reflectance in as-deposited and N2+-implanted films. Electrical investigations show that the conductivity increases with film thickness in both as-deposited and implanted films. The conductivity decreases for

• curves derived from the fit process validate the results and offer a theoretical framework for understanding the optical properties of molybdenum thin films. Absorbance spectra The absorption spectra of Mo thin films in Figure 7 show the effects of nitrogen ion implantation and film thickness on the

• production of Mo nanoparticles and the subsequent increase in surface plasmon resonance or interband transitions. As-deposited molybdenum thin films deposited at room temperature typically exhibit a smooth surface and crystalline structure. The absorbance of molybdenum thin films increases with increasing

Effect of additives on the synthesis efficiency of nanoparticles by laser-induced reduction

• Rikuto Kuroda,
• Takahiro Nakamura,
• Hideki Ina and
• Shuhei Shibata

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 464–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.35

• the change in the absorption peak at 520 nm in the UV–vis absorption spectrum caused by the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the Au nanoparticles as a function of the laser irradiation time. The black line shows the change in absorbance for the solution without IPA, and the red line shows

• those for the solution with 10 vol % IPA. In both cases, the absorbance increases as the laser irradiation time progresses, reaches a peak, and then becomes constant. In the case of the absorbance spectrum of the solution without IPA (Figure 1, black line), the absorbance gradually increases from about

• solution without IPA. On the other hand, when 10 vol % IPA was added (red line in Figure 1), an increase in absorbance was immediately seen after the start of laser irradiation, and the absorbance levelled off after 5 min of laser irradiation. Figure 2 shows the transmission electron microscopy (TEM

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

• Ravinder Lamba,
• Gaurav Bhanjana,
• Neeraj Dilbaghi,
• Vivek Gupta and
• Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

• Ag@ZnO nanorods Figure 4a displays the optical spectra of Ag@ZnO NRs, which was obtained in the 200–600 nm wavelength range. The absorbance peak in this spectrum, which is moved toward a higher wavelength also known as redshift, is shown at 378 nm (for pure ZnO it is 362 nm) [20]. The bandgap energy

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

• Soni Prajapati and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

• nanoparticles was placed over the diamond point, and the spectra were recorded in the 3900–550 cm−1 range. Optimization of PEG–PCL nanoparticles The concentration and volume of PEG–PCL NPs were optimized using Bradford reagent to obtain maximum absorbance. PEG–PCL NPs (10 mg/mL) were added to the Bradford

• reagent, and spectrophotometric absorbance was measured in different ratios. Finally, different concentrations of PEG–PCL NPs (10–0.005 mg/mL) were added to the Bradford reagent, and colorimetric change was examined. Qualitative detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate using PEG–PCL nanoparticles The

• –PCL) nanoparticles (10 mg/mL), 500 μL of Bradford reagent, and 100 μL of the respective metal ion solution or surfactant, with a total reaction volume of 1 mL. Visual color changes were observed, and absorbance was measured in the 300–900 nm range using a spectrophotometer (Multiskan G0, Thermo

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• ) was added to the solution and incubated for another 30 min at room temperature. Finally, the absorbance of the solution was recorded at 550 nm in a UV spectrophotometer. To determine the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles, EudAlg NPs was resuspended in mucin solution (final concentration 0.5 mg/mL, 2

• mL for each time interval). The suspensions were incubated at 37 °C while shaking at 50 rpm. After 15 and 60 min of incubation, the nanoparticles were centrifuged (10,000g for 10 min), and the absorbance of the supernatants was measured at 550 nm to calculate the amount the free mucin that had not

Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature

• Kafi Devi,
• Usha Rani,
• Arun Kumar,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 333–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.25

• temperature (R.T.) is of stoichiometric ZnTe. The elemental composition of the films changes with increasing substrate temperature. This variation in the atomic percentage of different elements may be due to the difference in the vapour pressures of Zn and Te. Optical properties Transmittance, absorbance, and

• crystallinity of films with increasing substrate temperature. The enhancement of transmittance in the vis–NIR region with increasing substrate temperature indicates a possible application of these films in optoelectronic devices. The variation in absorbance with wavelength for ZnTe films deposited at different

• substrate temperatures is presented in Figure 5B. It has been found that the films exhibit maximum absorbance in the visible region, which later decreases with the increase in wavelength. This decrease in absorbance with wavelength may be due to interband electronic transitions between the conduction band

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• for clinical ILM staining, is better suited for generating VNBs on the ILM, and the high NIR absorbance of ICG is beneficial in the in vivo environment. Karen Peynshaert’s team [169] demonstrated that ICG can bind to the ILM and generate VNBs upon pulsed laser irradiation, thereby disrupting the

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

• Silvia Jaerger,
• Patricia Appelt,
• Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
• Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
• Ricardo Schneider,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

• spectrometer using KBr pellets containing 1% by weight of the samples. Analyses of all samples were performed in the range of 4000 to 400 cm−1 with a resolution of 4 cm−1, accumulating 10 scans. Absorbance measurements of the supernatant solutions were analyzed using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (UV-1800

• SHIMADZU) with a 1 cm path length glass cuvette at λmax (maximum absorbance) in nanometers. Samples collected after the adsorption process had the electronic spectra analyzed using an Ocean Optics USB-2000 instrument for solid samples with a tungsten lamp in the range of 200–800 nm in diffuse reflectance

• the average particle size (D50) for them was 4.52 and 86 μm, respectively. These values indicate that the clay aggregates are dissociated and well dispersed, as shown in the study by Yang et al. [20]. The absorbance spectra profiles in the visible region for the bentonite samples and bentonite

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

• Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
• Aishwarya Banakar,
• Shriram Narayan Puranik,
• Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
• C. R. Ravikumar and
• Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

• photocatalyst and 20 ppm of MB dye was exposed to UV light in order to initiate photodegradation. Measurements were taken at 15 min intervals to track the reduction in MB dye concentration. UV–visible spectrophotometry was used to measure the absorbance at 663 nm. Under UV irradiation, the photodegradation of

• this, 20 μL of freshly prepared MTT solution was introduced to each well, and the resulting absorbance was quantified at 570 nm. This experimental procedure was conducted in triplicates [22][33]. Phylogenetic relationship of GP258 and its evolutionary positioning within the Lactiplantibacillus genus

A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• in PBS to reach a final volume of 5 mL (final erythrocyte concentration, 10% v/v). The resultant suspension was agitated and incubated at 37 °C for 1 h. After that, the samples were centrifuged for 10 min at 2000 rpm. The absorbance of the supernatant at 540 nm was used to calculate the amount of

Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes

• Ebrahim Sadaqa,
• Satrialdi,
• Fransiska Kurniawan and
• Diky Mudhakir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1667–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.131

• ). The plates were incubated for an additional 3 h at 37 °C to facilitate the reduction of resazurin by the cells. Absorbance was subsequently measured at 570 and 600 nm using a microplate reader, providing data on cell viability. Cellular uptake assay 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer cells were seeded

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• sustainability and public health. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted the interest of researchers worldwide in recent years because of their promising use in environmental chemistry. The unique optochemical properties of AgNPs, including high surface area to volume ratio, optical absorbance, excellent

• was air-dried. Characterization of ʟ-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles The spectral absorbance of ʟ-car-AgNPs was recorded using an Epoch2 spectrophotometer (BioTek, USA) in the 300–900 nm range. Zeta potentials and average hydrodynamic diameters of ʟ-car-AgNPs were determined using a Zetasizer

• degradation of P-NP and the formation of P-AP were monitored by recording UV–vis spectra in the 300–900 nm range. The disappearance of the yellow color, characteristic of the nitrophenolate ion, was observed upon the addition of the AgNP catalyst, accompanied by a concomitant decrease in the absorbance

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• : Salticidae), and the bird-of-paradise Drepanornis bruijnii (Passeriformes: Paradisaeidae). The spectra of these species were obtained from data provided in [10][12], and species with the highest absorbance in the UV–vis spectrum were selected. Thermal images This experimental protocol was adapted from [15

• ultrastructure consisting of randomly oriented anisotropic micropillars accounts for its significant absorptivity [27]. Peacock spiders feature microstructures in specific body regions that exhibit ultrablack coloration with high absorbance. Interestingly, these microstructures are absent in other dark body

• areas with lower UV–vis absorbance [10]. These microstructures scatter light across the absorptive cuticle, further aided by brush-like scales that serve as an anti-reflective coating [10]. Similarly, birds-of-paradise display ultrablack coloration attributed to microstructures found in the barbules of

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• was added to each well of a 96-well plate blocked with BSA. After incubation for 60 min, 90 μL of protein solution was removed and added to a new plate containing 5 μL 4.7mM soybean trypsin inhibitor (Sigma). 5 μL of chromogenic substrate S-2302 (Chromogenix) was added to each well and the absorbance

• 7.4, 150 mM NaCl). Plasma was then recalcified with 50 μL 25 mM CaCl2. Absorbance measurements were taken every 1 min for 60 min at 405 nm. Three separate experiments were performed for a total sample size of 18 per donor. Fibrin generation time was defined as the time to reach a 5% increase over the

• baseline absorbance value. 5% is a sufficient threshold to overcome the noise floor of the data [33]. Clot morphology Wells of interest of a non-treated 96-well polystyrene were blocked with 300 μL 1% BSA in Milli-Q water for 2 h at 37 °C. After 2 h, wells were rinsed three times with Milli-Q water. Plates

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• change in surface plasmon resonance of the metal nanostructures. A single absorbance peak correlates to the symmetrical shape and collective oscillation of free electrons on the nanoparticle surface. This phenomenon is known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), a characteristic feature of

• concentration [48]. Centrifuged and as-prepared AuNS0.5 and AuNS1.0 showed no absorbance or colorimetric change in the presence of NaCl (Figure 4e,f). Similarly, centrifuged and as-prepared AuNR1s (AuNR10.5 and AuNR11.0) showed no changes in plasmon frequency or color of the nanoparticles in the presence of

• +, each with a concentration of 1 ppm, was examined. The isotropic CTAB-capped AgNS and AuNS were used to detect heavy metals without NaOH. Centrifuged CTAB-AgNS0.5 detected Hg2+ and Fe3+ based on changes in color and spectral absorbance compared to the control (Figure 5a). Surprisingly, no metal

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• /min. Characterization Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) were recorded with a Nicolet 6700 apparatus in the range of 400–4000 cm−1. The resolution was 4 cm−1. The powders were pressed in KBr pellets, and the spectra were recorded in absorbance mode. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• absorbance value at 562 nm, using the Thermo microplate reader (Multiskan GO model). For quantification, it was necessary to prepare an analytical curve with diluted BSA standards already included in the kit provided by the manufacturer. Analyses were performed in quintuplicate. To identify the main proteins

• μL of supernatant was removed from each tube and transferred to a 96-well plate. The supernatant hemoglobin quantification was done by measuring the absorbance of the solution (540 nm) with a microplate reader (Thermo, Multiskan GO model). Deionized water (900 μL) and RBC stock suspension (100 μL

• concentration at an absorbance wavelength of 540 nm. The blood was then diluted to a hemoglobin concentration of 10 mg·mL–1 with Ca2+/Mg2+-free PBS. Functionalized and non-functionalized SiO2NPs were evaluated at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg·mL–1. Aliquots were prepared for a final volume of 1 mL

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• tracked over time using a UV–vis spectrophotometer, covering the wavelength range of 200–600 nm at room temperature without delay. We examined the kinetics of catalytic degradation by monitoring changes in absorbance values at specific wavelengths. Given the small quantity of nanocatalyst and the

• temperature, and the reaction time, by using UV–vis spectroscopy. Changes in the physicochemical properties, such as morphology and particle size of AuNPs, were monitored through absorbance and the λmax values of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band. Figure 2 illustrates the impact of synthesis conditions

• on the formation of AuNPs@GluN/Alg. We explored the Au3+ ion-to-gel ratios ranging from 1% to 9% (w/w). The results indicate that the concentration of Au3+ ions profoundly influences the formation of stable AuNPs. An increase in Au3+ concentration led to a corresponding rise in the absorbance values

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• recorded SERS spectra, after which SERS calculations were undertaken. Results and Discussion Characterization Optical absorption studies of as-synthesized nanoparticles The absorbance measurements were carried out on metallic Ag, Au, and Ag/Au NPs prepared using ps LASiS in both DW and aqueous NaCl

• , and aggregation variations, ultimately impacting their optical properties [53]. Also, from absorbance studies, it is observed that the ablation rate is higher for the Au target than for Ag because of the hardness variation observed in an earlier report by Solati et al. [54]. In another study by Bae et

• al. [55], the authors demonstrated the Ag NP fabrication by varying the surrounding aqueous NaCl solution concentrations between 0 to 20 mM using a nanosecond laser at an excitation of 355 nm. Their study noticed increased Ag NP absorbance while changing the aqueous NaCl solution concentration from 0

Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• ]. Consequently, our research employed these two compounds to evaluate the efficacy of our nanoparticle design. The drug loading in nanoparticles was measured by measuring the absorbance at 258 nm for CHL and 780 nm for IR780. The results indicate that the nanoparticles contained 0.5% CHL and 0.26% IR780 (Table 1