Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

• conventional TTM that describes energy transfer between electrons and the lattice. Although the dynamics of photoexcited hot electrons were expected to uniformly affect the entire specimen within a few picoseconds, the experiment instead observed inhomogeneous and laser-polarization-dependent anisotropic

• key contributors to the observed anisotropic melting behavior. These findings, corroborated by MD simulations that incorporate the TTM (TTM-MD), suggest that energy accumulation in localized hotspots drives anisotropic melting. Nevertheless, direct experimental evidence linking electronic and ionic

Characterization of ion track-etched conical nanopores in thermal and PECVD SiO₂ using small angle X-ray scattering

• Shankar Dutt,
• Rudradeep Chakraborty,
• Christian Notthoff,
• Pablo Mota-Santiago,
• Christina Trautmann and
• Patrick Kluth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 899–909, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.68

• analyzing the complex highly anisotropic two-dimensional SAXS patterns of the pores by reducing the analysis to two orthogonal one-dimensional slices of the data. The simultaneous fit of the data enables an accurate determination of the pore geometry and size distribution. The analysis reveals substantial

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• the dangling bonds and producing the sp2 carbon on the free diamond surface, or diffuse into the Ni bulk, feeding the graphite formation from the side of the catalytic particle [19]. Comparing the morphology of Ni-coated SCDs annealed under similar conditions revealed the anisotropic nature of both

• ). In particular, on the rectangular (110) faces, nickel particles are flatter and more evenly distributed than those on the triangular (111) face. Previous studies showed that the etching of diamond through the reaction with Ni during annealing is an anisotropic process [19][35][36]. In particular, the

• (111) surface, indicating anisotropic diamond etching during heating. Despite these differences, the Raman spectra recorded from the different faces of the annealed microcrystallites were similar, indicating that the carbon coating consisted of graphitic multilayers with a similar structure. The (110

Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium adsorption on vertically arranged MoS₂ layers coated with pyrolytic carbon

• Alexander V. Okotrub,
• Anastasiya D. Fedorenko,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Veronica S. Sulyaeva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva and
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 847–859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.64

• hybrid anodes based on MoS2. The diffusion of sodium ions in layered MoS2 is highly anisotropic. It is fast along the basal planes and is not possible through defect-free layers [3]. Thus, when the interlayer channels coincide with the Na+ movement paths, the diffusion distance is shortened, resulting in

Performance optimization of a microwave-coupled plasma-based ultralow-energy ECR ion source for silicon nanostructuring

• Joy Mukherjee,
• Safiul Alam Mollick,
• Tanmoy Basu and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 484–494, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.37

• the increase in bombardment time, more silicon and oxygen atoms are sputtered. Due to the presence of the ripples, the surface becomes anisotropic. The consequence of such an anisotropic nature of the surface is investigated and discussed in the upcoming section. Application of nanopatterned Si

Vortex lattices of layered HTSCs at different vortex–vortex interaction potentials

• Valerii P. Lenkov,
• Anastasia N. Maksimova,
• Anna N. Moroz and
• Vladimir A. Kashurnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 362–370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.27

• interaction potential of which is identical in shape to the interaction potential in ferromagnetic superconductors. The modeling results can also be useful for analyzing vortex configurations in a layered anisotropic HTSC in an inclined magnetic field. Methods Calculations were performed using the Monte Carlo

• method within the framework of a two-dimensional model of a layered HTSC [24][25][26]. Most of the HTSCs applicable in practice are strongly anisotropic substances characterized by the anisotropy parameter γ > 10. Examples of such HTSCs are YBa2Cu3O7−δ (γ ≈ 10) and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8−δ (γ ≈ 200) [1]. Such

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• , which confirms that the nanoparticles are spherical and monodispersed. However, silver nanoparticles with anisotropic shape were reported to have two absorption bands, namely transverse and longitudinal [24]. Furthermore, the color of the anisotropic nanosilver is different from yellow, which is also

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• ultrastructure consisting of randomly oriented anisotropic micropillars accounts for its significant absorptivity [27]. Peacock spiders feature microstructures in specific body regions that exhibit ultrablack coloration with high absorbance. Interestingly, these microstructures are absent in other dark body

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• degrading 94.37% of 4-NP within 1 min. In contrast, silver nanospheres effectively detected Hg2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ at concentrations as low as 1 ppm and degraded 90.78% of 4-NP within 30 min. Moreover, anisotropic gold nanorods (CTAB-AuNR1 and CTAB-AuNR2) showed promising sensing capabilities towards Cu2

• -modified isotropic and anisotropic CTAB-AgNPs were used to detect cobalt ions. The author found that only rod-shaped particles enabled visual detection of cobalt [25]. Yagyu et al. showed the efficient removal of radioactive cesium using Prussian blue [26]. Also, 4-nitrophenol was degraded using CTAB

• CTAB-capped gold and silver nanoparticles without linker/buffer for catalysis and detection heavy metals is a current need. In this work, we have developed a linker-free nanosensor with CTAB as capping agent on both isotropic and anisotropic gold and silver nanoparticles. The CTAB-capped metal

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• (Si3N4) layer was deposited via CVD. The 40 nm thick platinum paths were then patterned by lift-off photolithography. The opMEMS bridge body was defined photolithographically with a feature size of 2 µm, etched by dry oxygen plasma etching (DRIE) and then released by KOH anisotropic wet silicon etching

• only for the visual assessment of the shape and dimensions of a structure, but also for the observation of movement and deflection of an opMEMS. At the same time, the ion beam allows for local doping of the substrate and anisotropic milling. The NanoLab 600i also provides three gas injection systems

A low-kiloelectronvolt focused ion beam strategy for processing low-thermal-conductance materials with nanoampere currents

• Annalena Wolff,
• Nico Klingner,
• William Thompson,
• Yinghong Zhou,
• Jinying Lin and
• Yin Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1197–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.97

• the ion incidence angle and associated changes in interaction volume shape as well as heat generation need to be investigated further. The ion beam usually hits the sample at glancing angles during TEM lamella preparation and cross-sectioning, which leads to anisotropic changes in the interaction

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• investigated structure exhibits strongly anisotropic optical properties for which the parametric values depend on the direction of the chosen plane. Dielectric function and absorption coefficient The static dielectric constants (real part of εr at ω = 0), along the in-plane (XX) and out-of-plane (ZZ) direction

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• recombination of charge carriers is mainly attributed to the anisotropic movement of generated electron–hole pairs in semiconductors. Therefore, the implementation of a driving force could remarkably accelerate the oriented motion of electrons and holes, which could suppress recombination and eventually improve

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• detection of DMMP (1.2 ppm V) in the vapor phase using Glass_Ag_Au NPs, 3D fractal microstructure substrates developed by corner lithography and anisotropic wet etching of silicon using the 785 nm as the Raman excitation. When UV excitation was utilized during the measurements, the Raman peak intensities

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• clusters consisting of 1157 atoms [51]. Some light on the microscopic origin of the anisotropic growth of gold NPs has been cast via molecular dynamics simulations [52]. In a similar way, Lümmen and Kraska investigated the homogeneous nucleation and cluster growth of Pt clusters from supersaturated vapour

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• -care diagnostic systems. This device was realized using a top-to-down approach with an anisotropic and cost-effective self-stop etching method [85][86]. A novel CMOS anisotropic technique was implemented for the etching process, combining classical optical and electron beam lithography with anisotropic

• CMOS technology, combined with optical lithography and an anisotropic self-stop etching method [88][89]. The incorporated P- and N-type NWs showed complementary electrical responses upon prostate-specific antigen binding, providing a unique means of internal command for biosensing signal verification

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• single sheet. A deliberate defect to yield anisotropic adhesion was described in 2013 by my student Walid bin Khaled [25]. It has been thoroughly characterized in various papers, including his work and that of visiting student Yue Wang, who collaborated with me between 2015 and 2016 [27]. Yue Wang also

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• the grain boundaries of the sample forms a clear network of contour maps [30]. The anisotropy of the grains causes anisotropic deformation and increases the surface dispersion density. Therefore, the stress required to promote plastic deformation rises more at grain boundaries than inside grains [23

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• promote twin proliferation, which favored the production of Pd−Au Janus icosahedra. In the same experimental setup, they also promoted twin elongation, which aided the production anisotropic Pd@Au core–shell starfish-like structures. As it is known, icosahedral nanoparticles are formed by 20 tetrahedral

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• hydrogels is not well reported. In this study, nanomakura-shaped anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNMs) were synthesized via a surfactant-assisted seed-mediated protocol. Quaternary cationic surfactants having variable carbon tail length (n = 16, 14, 12) were used as capping for tuning the plasmon peak of

• , electrochemical sensors, and photothermal therapy (PTT) [5]. These technologies are based on the principle of elastic scattering properties of metal nanoparticles and on the shift in the plasmon band, which is more prominent in the case of anisotropic nanoparticles in comparison to isotropic ones [6]. Several

• anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been synthesized and studied in recent years including nanorings, nanoprisms, nanoplates, crooked nanorods, dendrimers, nanocubes, nanodumbells, dogbones, and nanomakura [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Vis-à-vis to spherical nanoparticles, anisotropic nanoparticles

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• [21][22]. Burrowing The use of hairs to generate frictional forces is not unique to animals that climb. Hair-like setae on the skin of earthworms aid in burrowing by increasing friction and providing anisotropic anchoring [65][66][67]. When burrowing, the earthworm mainly uses cavity expansion to

• worm to anchor tighter to the surrounding soil. Meanwhile, when the circular muscles relax, the setae deflect and interact less with the soil. This anisotropic anchoring has been realized in a bio-inspired burrowing soft robot [70]. Flying Flying organisms span about eight orders of magnitude in mass

Comparative analysis of the ultrastructure and adhesive secretion pathways of different smooth attachment pads of the stick insect Medauroidea extradentata (Phasmatodea)

• Julian Thomas,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 612–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.52

•  5 (euplantulae)). In general, the hierarchical organization of the fibres enables local deformation to adjust to the surface profile of the substrate (e.g., [20][45][70]). This results in anisotropic material properties (i.e., the pads are soft during compression); however, those withstand high

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• ° and 58° between the chains and the Ag step edges. Hence, such a strict selection of the azimuthal angle of the chains, similar to the one found by Schnadt et al., does not apply to QA. Anisotropic β-phase Now we discuss an interesting aspect regarding the β-phase on Ag(35 1 1), namely the fact that

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• orientations of each protein treated as different potential adsorbates to allow for a more physically realistic model of corona formation for anisotropic proteins. In brief, a standard kinetic Monte Carlo routine is used to advance the simulation from one event, collision of an incoming adsorbate with the NP

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• KOH solution resulted in a faster etch rate but led to much stronger bubbling and roughening of the Si surface with the creation of micropyramidal hillocks [31]. The surface alignment of the Si substrates is parallel to the {100} crystallographic plane of Si, and the anisotropic KOH etching results in