Liver-targeting iron oxide nanoparticles and their complexes with plant extracts for biocompatibility

• Shushanik A. Kazaryan,
• Seda A. Oganian,
• Gayane S. Vardanyan,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko and
• Ashkhen A. Hovhannisyan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1593–1602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.125

• (Fe3O4 NPs) are widely used in many biomedical applications (e.g., bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, diagnostics, and theranostics). However, the use of NPs does not preclude the possibility of selective toxicity and undesirable effects, including accumulation in tissues and direct interaction with

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• range of uses in the fields of electrocatalysis, bioimaging, chemical sensors, biosensors, nanomedicine, biomolecule/drug release, light-emitting diodes, and photocatalysts. They also have promising applications in areas such as lasers and optoelectronic device applications [2][3][4][5]. CDs can be

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• environment, and industry [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. When employing these technical devices, users can chose user-friendly, cost-effective, sensitive, and error-free detecting instruments [8]. The field of biosensors has received a lot of interest over the last years because of their amazing capacity for early

• applications. Biodegradable and bioabsorbable polymers are an excellent choice for a variety of innovative drug delivery systems (DDSs). Biopolymers are also used in cutting-edge scientific applications such as gene expression, tissue engineering, smart drug delivery, and biosensors [11][19]. Modern medicine

• body, as they are antimicrobial, biodegradable, and non-toxic [22]. Biopolymeric nanoparticles are a very effective material for producing biosensors. In today’s world, people need sensors to monitor various types of pollution. Food contamination with infectious microorganisms or air and water

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• 10.3762/bjnano.15.80 Abstract Over the last few decades, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have demonstrated great potential across various industries, including medical, food, agriculture, environmental, and military sectors. These biosensors leverage the electrical properties of transistors

• to detect a wide range of biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and antibodies. This article presents a comprehensive review of advancements in the architectures of FET-based biosensors aiming to enhance device performance in terms of sensitivity, detection time, and selectivity. The review

• encompasses an overview of emerging FET-based biosensors and useful guidelines to reach the best device dimensions, favorable design, and realization of FET-based biosensors. Consequently, it furnishes researchers with a detailed perspective on design considerations and applications for future generations of

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• their possible technological applications in catalysis and biosensors, and within materials science in general [3]. To date, most published articles on BNPs have focused on the synthesis of miscible metals, such as PtPd or CuPd; the literature on bimetallic nanoparticles of non-miscible metals, such as

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• -cleaning [1], anti-corrosion [2], and antibacterial [3] coatings. Like other CuO nanostructures, thin films also show potential for applications in photovoltaic cells [4][5], lithium-ion batteries [6], supercapacitors [7], gas sensors [8], and biosensors [9]. Furthermore, the literature reports their

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• spectra of SERS-based biosensors are simple but powerful results, in which every single component of the analytes can be recognized via characteristic vibrations of identical groups [1]. In particular, SERS is an advantageous and practical choice for biosensors in clinical settings thanks to fast response

• biosensors are commonly made of LSPR materials [17]. With the development of synthesis techniques, numerous nanostructures of noble metals have been extensively studied to improve the intrinsic parameters of sensors. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit great performance in sensing applications owing to the

• scholars, the rod-like morphology is better than a spherical one at increasing the extinction coefficient, about 109 to 1011 M−1·cm−1 higher [43][44], which proves the applicability of Ag NPs-DES in SERS biosensors. Furthermore, X-ray fluorescence mapping was used to evaluate the presence of silver in the

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• . Colorimetric biosensors have become popular in analytical applications due to their high sensitivity, convenience, and ease of signal readout [7][8]. These biosensors have been extensively utilized in pathogen identification, primarily because of their ability to rapidly display results in visible color [9][10

• of a chromogenic substrate, such as 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), is widely employed. This conversion process can generate vibrant products when H2O2 is present [11][12]. Colorimetric biosensors often use chromogenic substrates such as TMB, ABTS, and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to produce a

• catalytic oxidation of TMB by H2O2 on a paper-based device. As a result, it is highly suitable for the generation of novel and portable biosensors [13]. The color shift produced by an enzyme-catalyzed substrate reaction is an appealing option for developing colorimetric-based biosensors to detect targets

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• applications, such as the immobilisation of enzymes and microorganisms [12][13], and the immobilisation of antibody in enzyme immunoassays [14]. Nylon 6 (or polyamide 6, PA6) nanofibers (NFs) have been used as an immobilisation surface in biosensors [15]. Efficiency studies of nanofibres manufactured by

• /volume ratio in the nanofibre allows for a greater amount of immobilised antibody in the same space [17]. In addition, some studies demonstrate the suitability of electrospun nylon NFs for the development of Fabry–Pérot-based optical biosensors [18][19]. However, for the selection of such NFs as

• immobilisation surfaces in biosensors, it seems necessary to study those characteristics of the immobilisation surface that contribute to their lower cost. In this regard, this paper not only investigates the reuse of NFs, but also whether this immobilisation surface provides a longer life for an immunocapture

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• , drugs, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, or biomolecules. This is a very important advantage that opens ways of designing composite hydrogels with various properties and applications such as biomedical [8][9][10], biosensors [11][12][13], wearable electronics [14][15][16

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• such as photothermal therapy, imaging, and LFAs [73]. Composition-dependent photothermal properties Recently, nanocomposite materials have been employed for the development of photothermal biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers or whole cancerous cells, antibiotic residues, and toxins [74

• 532 and 808 nm, the nanocomposite exhibited both photodynamic and photothermal properties. The same construct could be useful to design biosensors for the multimodal detection of analytes [85]. Recently, a catalytic and photothermal sensor was developed by Lu et al. for the detection of Salmonella

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• identification of these emerging contaminants, such as chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, have also attracted a lot of interest [7]. Electrochemical biosensors are created by functionalizing the nanomaterial on the working electrode with biomolecules (e.g., nucleic acids, enzymes

• , proteins, aptamers, and immunoglobulins) to realise an analyte-specific reaction. Because of their modification with biomolecules, some electrochemical biosensors have shown higher specificity and selectivity than unmodified electrochemical sensors; nevertheless, they have shorter lifetimes and poorer

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• systems studied during the past decades were based on the encapsulation of enzymes and yeast spores within silica gels for the design of biosensors and bioreactors [9][10][11][12]. Biological entities can be considered themselves excellent examples of self-assembly occurring in nature [13]. Based on these

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• is called “fingerprint spectrum region” (FSR) [1][4]. Many small biological molecules have unique and identifiable absorption spectra in the MIR band of 6–15 μm [1][5]. It is of great application value to develop photonic biosensors in this FSR. The spectral transparency window of germanium can fully

• cover the wavelength of 6–15 μm. Hence, it is a suitable material for biosensors applications in the MIR band [6]. In recent years, researchers have verified the feasibility of Ge MIR waveguides on various substrate materials, such as germanium on silicon (Ge-on-Si), germanium on silicon-on-insulator

• fields of biosensors and medicine [18]. In 2022, Chen et al. demonstrated a methodology of photonic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) sensing for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 [19]. This innovative CRISPR-empowered surface plasmon

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• temperature and reactivity. With broad applications in therapy [22][23], laser combined imaging, solar vapour generation [24], and biosensors [25], the global market for PT devices is expected to be a multimillion dollar enterprise by 2025 [26]. This review will focus on concepts such as the theoretical

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• range of uses such as antibacterial and antimicrobial agents, healthcare-related products, medical device coatings, anticancer agents, optical sensors, anti-inflammatory agents, biocatalysts, cosmetics, and biosensors [41][42][43][44][45]. The combination of polymer-coated metal nanoparticles

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• nanoparticles have been proposed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, high-precision biosensors, and carriers in magnetic-assisted drug delivery systems. Furthermore, they are used for tumor treatment via the hyperthermia method and in bone tissue regenerative medicine [5][6]. However, using iron

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• . Biomedical applications apply an additional constraint on the diameter of nanotubes. Small-diameter SWCNTs display intrinsic photoluminescence in the spectral range of 900–1100 nm within the biological transparency window, making them ideal candidates for single-molecule biosensors or biomedical imaging

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• the applications of impedance DNA hybridisation biosensors for the detection of a number of analytes [31][32][33][34]. Nanomaterials may significantly enhance biosensor performance, stability, repeatability, and sensitivity [35][36][37][38][39]. Among various nanomaterials, graphene (Gr) [40] and gold

• when different electrodes are modified [57][58][59]. Optimisation of experimental parameters The hybridisation efficiency has a significant impact on the selectivity and sensitivity of biosensors. In order to enhance the hybridisation efficiency, hybridisation conditions of the DNA probe with the

• the highest peak for the reverse complementary target. This result revealed that the developed DNA biosensor could distinguish between complementary and mismatch DNA with precision. Research on the application of electrochemical DNA biosensors to detect adulteration has already started. Estrela's

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• specific recognition and selective functions in enzymatic reactions and metabolic processes [30]. Therefore, they may also be suitable as chiral selectors in QCM sensing systems. Zhang and Ng et al. successfully fabricated rapid and real-time QCM biosensors based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• surfaces undergoing irradiation by a focused electron beam. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; electron beam; lithography; nanostructure; silver; sputtering; surface; Introduction Metallic nanostructures have various uses, including in nano-electro-mechanical systems [1], plasmonic biosensors [2], and

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• of bio-inspired selective surface modifications The increasing knowledge on natural receptor–ligand binding mechanisms led to various approaches in the last years to increase both cellular adhesion on surfaces of biomaterials and biosensors, as well as for therapeutic drug carrier systems against

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• ZIKV NS1 compared to NS1 of DENV and YFV. Furthermore, graphene field-effect transistor devices functionalized with ZIKV60 exhibit an evident identification of NS1 protein diluted in human serum. These results point to the applicability of biosensors based on the ZIKV60 aptamer for the differential

• specificity and sensibility of ZIKV60 for NS1 may be an innovative tool for novel graphene-based biosensors for ZIKV NS1 protein detection. Experimental NS1 proteins Recombinant Zika virus (Uganda strain), dengue virus (serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4) and yellow fever virus NS1 proteins expressed in mammalian

• ZIKV NS1 protein, capable of providing a specific virus identification for application in diagnostic biosensors. In this context, biosensor platforms based on aptamers (aptasensors) are commonly used to assess and quantify in real-time, with high sensitivity, the presence of an analyte, such as a

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors operating as biosensors. On average, the transistor channel resistance decreased from 1860 to 690 Ω when using the optimized PMMA. Even more importantly, the vast majority of these resistance values are distributed within a narrow range (only ca. 300 Ω wide

• electrolyte-gated graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs, Figure 5) designed to operate as DNA biosensors. Two batches of GFETs having a topmost graphene channel (75 µm width × 25 µm length) were fabricated (see details in Supporting Information File 1). In the first batch [37][38] (including 1755 GFETs