Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• carbon nanotubes and attributed the enhanced biocompatibility with respect to A549 cells to the antioxidant properties inherent to TA [36]. FLG–TA promotes cellular adhesion Previous results indicated that TA molecules adsorb onto the graphene surface in the FLG–TA composite. These molecules maintain

Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Ahsan Nazir and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

Feasibility analysis of carbon nanofiber synthesis and morphology control using a LPG premixed flame

• Iftikhar Rahman Bishal,
• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Faizuan Bin Abdullah,
• I Putu Tedy Indrayana and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.45

• synthesis; liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); nanomaterial synthesis; Introduction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have gained significant interest because of their distinctive properties and their wide range of applications in nanotechnology [1][2][3]. CNTs are a modified version of CNFs

Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy

• Shiwani Randhawa,
• Trilok Chand Saini,
• Manik Bathla,
• Rahul Bhardwaj,
• Rubina Dhiman and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44

• therapeutic applications. CNMs can be categorized into three primary forms, namely, zero-dimensional fullerenes (e.g., C60), one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and two-dimensional graphene. Each of these NMs possesses distinct attributes that facilitate their engagement with proteins and peptides

• peptide, effectively redirecting the formation of potentially toxic oligomers towards disordered coil structures. This mechanism not only hinders fibril formation but also shifts the balance toward less harmful aggregates [71]. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have emerged as another promising CNM

Electron beam-based direct writing of nanostructures using a palladium β-ketoesterate complex

• Chinmai Sai Jureddy,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Patrik Hoffmann and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 530–539, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.41

• this study, we present a detailed analysis of the characteristics of deposits obtained using the new precursor bis(tert-butylacetoacetate)palladium(II), [Pd(tbaoac)2], a member of the β-ketoesterate complex group. Given the growing interest in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene for semiconductor

Water in nanoporous hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets: a first-principles study

• Juliana A. Gonçalves,
• Ronaldo J. C. Batista and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 510–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.39

• improve the desalination process. In pursuit of greater efficiency in the desalination process, the scientific community has proposed membranes composed of various materials, including graphene [7][8][9][10], carbon nanotubes [11][12][13][14], molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) [15][16][17][18], and hexagonal

Biomimetics and bioinspired surfaces: from nature to theory and applications

• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira,
• Thies H. Büscher,
• Manuela Rebora,
• Poramate Manoonpong,
• Zhendong Dai and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 418–421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.32

• ) approach. For instance, Bartoli et al. [8] reviewed the potential applications of nanostructured carbon coatings – such as nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based materials – to improve interaction on the interface between medical implants and living cells. Several biological materials exhibit

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• of O2 (O2/O2•− = −0.33 V vs NHE). Diverse approaches have been suggested to enhance its photocatalytic activity. For example, g-C3N4-WO3 [115], rGO/WO3 [116], and multi-wall carbon nanotubes-WO3 [118] were found to photodegrade SMX under 300 W xenon arc solar simulator light. These three catalysts

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• , temozolomide (TMZ), a drug used for the treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), was incorporated into multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a MWCNTs–graphene (MWCNTs-G) hybrid compound, covalently functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and folic acid (FA), with an

• nanostructures; cytotoxicity; glioblastoma multiforme; radiosensitizing properties; temozolomide; Introduction Carbon-based nanostructures (CNs) such as graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerenes, carbon quantum dots, carbon nanohorns and nanodiamonds (NDs), and their hybrids are becoming

• photodynamic therapy can be obtained [1][2][3][4][5]. It has been shown that CNs have an anti-amyloid aggregation activity, and some of them (i.e., carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene) are able to interface with neurons and neuronal circuits and play an important role in the modulation of neurobiological

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• heat (see below in Figure 2d) [57]. The presence of a high density of loosely bound electrons and the narrow energy level spacing of the π electrons endow carbon materials (such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon quantum dots, and fullerenes) and polymer materials (like polydopamine, polyaniline

Modeling and simulation of carbon-nanocomposite-based gas sensors

• Roopa Hegde,
• Punya Prabha V,
• Shipra Upadhyay and
• Krishna S B

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 90–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.9

• sensor using COMSOL Multiphysics whose active sensing material used is a carbon nanocomposite (i.e., 0.1 wt % of single-walled carbon nanotubes along with PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)) in an equal volume ratio of 1:1. Given the high cost associated with the

• nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon black, embedded within a polymer matrix [1]. The distinctive properties of carbon nanocomposites have positioned them as promising candidates for various applications, particularly in the development of advanced sensors. The small amounts of

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• single-walled carbon nanotubes in 2004. They are crystalline materials with dimensions between 1 and 10 nm, whose degree of carbonization can be changed, and exhibit many functional groups on the surface. CDs have attracted great attention because of their optical and chemical properties and have a wide

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• of the nanostructures into larger devices remains one of the major challenges, especially when non-silicon materials (such as carbon nanotubes or multimaterial nanowires) are used [8][9][10]. Among the fabrication methods, particle beam-based methods offer the greatest versatility for rapid

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• include conductive polymers, enzymes, carbon nanotubes, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). MIPs function similarly to enzymes, producing polymeric cross-linked active sites for certain analytes. MIPs were initially used in optical sensing, but they have lately been examined in electrochemical

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), carbon nanotubes, and chemiresistive sensors. SERS-active substrates encounter obstacles in translation toward practical applications, primarily due to the difficulty of sample collection. As a result, there is a persistent need for

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• nanostructured carbon coatings (nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene-related materials) for the improvement of the overall properties of medical implants. We are focusing on biological interactions, improved corrosion resistance, and overall mechanical properties, trying to provide a complete overview

• within the field. Keywords: biocompatibility; carbon nanotubes; coatings; graphene; nanodiamonds; surfaces; Introduction For centuries, the simple manipulation of natural resources has represented the only available strategy for the realization of artifacts, buildings, and innovations, until the

• applications [4] as active species or as drug delivery platforms using tailored carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [5][6], fullerenes [7][8], carbon dots (CDs) [9][10], and graphene-related materials (i.e., graphene oxide (GO) [11], reduced graphene oxide (rGO) [12], and nanographite (nG) [13]). Furthermore, the

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• for non-cryogenic IR microbolometer technology, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as highly promising candidates [2] with broadband blackbody absorption [3], high resistance perpendicular to the CNT orientation [4], low lateral thermal conductivity [5], a high temperature coefficient of resistance

• nanoparticles at ≈750 °C. Finally, the samples were synthesized by water-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 800 °C, similar to the CVD process presented in [13][14], to achieve a crystalline graphitic nature of the carbon nanotubes. Argon was used as the carrier gas and ethylene as the carbon source. A

• from similar CNT growth conditions have been published in previous works [7][15]. It was shown that more than 90% of the CNTs grown on the Si wafer were double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). The new TEM micrograph in Figure 3a shows the DWCNTs. Diameter and chirality of the carbon nanotubes are

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• bacterial [56] media). Additionally, categorical variables describing the kind of structure can be used to reflect the shape. For example, a shape component in mixed carbon-based nanoparticles is encoded by this type of categorical variables, such as fullerene vs carbon nanotubes or different carbon

• specific) and volume [67]. However, this requires to have the full atomistic description of the nanoform, which is not available for most experimental datasets. Some authors propose additional topological descriptors that are specific for carbon nanoshapes with known topology, such as carbon nanotubes

• nanotubes [40][65]. Alternatively, Trinh and collaborators directly encoded the size of multiwalled nanotubes by both their diameter and length. They also included the surface area as a structural descriptor, by using a hierarchical clustering method to classify the values in ten categories [66]. The

AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiO_x films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode

• Hendrik Müller,
• Hartmut Stadler,
• Teresa de los Arcos,
• Adrian Keller and
• Guido Grundmeier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 603–611, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.51

• work of Rosenberger et al. [27], where a polymeric substrate supports the sensitivity of AFM-IR detecting thin carbon nanotubes. Nevertheless, the system shown here is not completely transferable, as samples with a continuous coating were examined in this study. These results highlight the potential of

On the mechanism of piezoresistance in nanocrystalline graphite

• Sandeep Kumar,
• Simone Dehm and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 376–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.34

• strain or piezoresistivity in graphene is expected to be small because the displacement of the Dirac point occurs in continuous k space, and strain-induced lattice distortions do not change the local band structure up to 20% strain [4]. In contrast, because of the quantized k space in carbon nanotubes

Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane

• Shangbi Chen,
• Dewen Liu,
• Weiwei Chen,
• Huajiang Chen,
• Jiawei Li and
• Jinfang Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 270–278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.25

• -dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene nanostacks [23]. The sensor exhibited a high GF of 772.6 when subjected to a strain range of 40–70%, owing to the presence of cracks induced in the MXene layer and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) acting as bridges. In a separate study, Xin et al. reported the fabrication of highly sensitive

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• (TiO2, SiO2, and Fe2O3), carbonaceous NPs (graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon black), semiconductors (CdSe) [26], and polymers [27], it lacks the set of short-range potentials required for calculating milk protein-aluminum adsorption energies. Here, we compute potentials of mean force (PMF) for Al

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• ][17] and all carbon allotropes, such as diamond [18][19] or carbon nanotubes [20]. Although the fundamentals of the FEBIE method are easily intelligible, the process includes complex surface kinetics phenomena occurring between electrons and adsorbed molecules [21]. Hence, the resolution of the method

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• , drugs, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, or biomolecules. This is a very important advantage that opens ways of designing composite hydrogels with various properties and applications such as biomedical [8][9][10], biosensors [11][12][13], wearable electronics [14][15][16

• appropriate electrical conductivity [22]. Suspension of conductive fillers in the hydrogel structure, such as metallic particles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles) [23][24][25], carbon-based materials (GO graphene oxide, CNT carbon nanotubes) [26][27][28], and conductive polymers (polyaniline

Determination of the radii of coated and uncoated silicon AFM sharp tips using a height calibration standard grating and a nonlinear regression function

• Perawat Boonpuek and
• Jonathan R. Felts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1200–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.99

• nanostructured materials, for example, graphene, carbon nanotubes, nanoscale semiconductors, biomaterials, and molecules. Mechanical properties such as surface stiffness, adhesion, friction, electrostatics, and electrowetting can be measured [1][2][3][4]. In contact mode scanning, the contact area between the