Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• significantly suppressed c-myc mRNA expression, reduced cell proliferation, and inhibited tumour growth both in vitro and in vivo, compared to other groups without Gal–PLL or SonoVue. This demonstrated the essential role of Gal–PLL in enhancing the specificity and efficiency of antisense delivery. In a separate

Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• , the deregulation of cell proliferation results in loss of one or more DNA-damage pathways in cancer cells, leading to greater dependency on DDR. Therefore, the tendency of a cancer cell to harbor DDR dependency through activation of complex molecular signaling pathways, such as poly-ADP ribose

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• gastrectomy surgery. The GO coating enabled, at the same time, improved corrosion resistance, high cell proliferation, and very low inflammatory response. Similarly, Fernández-Hernán et al. [94] used graphene nanoplatelets to coat AZ31 magnesium, evaluating cytocompatibility, osteoblasts adhesion, and

• tailored to the tissues where the implant will be placed [99]. Nevertheless, CNTs are able to regulate the cell proliferation better than other nanocarbon species. Patel et al. [100] coated polymer nanofibers with a 25 nm thick layer of MWCNTs modulating in vivo angiogenesis and bone regeneration

Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• the cells. Folic acid plays an important role in cancer cells; it takes part in cell proliferation, methylation for gene expression, DNA replication, oxidative stress, and DNA mutation. Many studies and cancer drugs, therefore, have used folic acid as a targeting ligand for the folate receptor, which

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• because of their extremely large surface area-to-volume ratio, small pore size, and high porosity. Nanofibers are known to be highly functional systems with the ability to mimic the structure and function of the natural bone matrix, facilitating osteogenesis for cell proliferation and bone regeneration

• systems because of their extremely large surface area-to-volume ratio, small pore size, and high porosity. Nanofibers are known to be highly functional systems with the ability to mimic the structure and function of the natural bone matrix and to facilitate osteogenesis for cell proliferation and bone

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• strategies to fight bacterial pathogens with similar effects to antibiotics and silver is essential. In our study, inorganic salts, namely Zn(O2CCH3)2 and Sr(NO3)2, were added to the polymer fibers. These salts possess antibacterial properties and stimulate cell proliferation as well as tissue regeneration

• , USA); trypsin/EDTA solution (Sigma-Aldrich, USA); cell proliferation reagent WST-1 (Roche, Switzerland); and ultra-purified water (Zineer Power I Water Purification System). All reagents were used without any further purification. Polysuccinimide synthesis The PSI was produced by thermal

Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

• Yanyan Wen,
• Ningning Song,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Weiwei Wu,
• Qixiong Lin,
• Minjie Cui,
• Rongrong Li,
• Qiufeng Yu,
• Sixue Wu,
• Yongkang Liang,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49

• significantly suppressed HCC cell proliferation. Moreover, CUR-Fe@MnO2 NFs were effective T1/T2 contrast agents for molecular magnetic resonance imaging due to the release of Mn2+ and Fe3O4 NCs. Keywords: curcumin; hepatocellular carcinoma; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• strongly to high levels of ROS that can cause damage to DNA molecules resulting in abnormal cell proliferation. Various studies reported that oxidative damage can have a deleterious effect on cancer development through raising genetic mutations, abnormal protein functions, and tumor growth [164][165

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• , nanofiber scaffolds can act as a multifunctional tool in medical treatments, combining drug release for disease therapy, cell proliferation, wound healing, and antimicrobial effect [21][22][23][24][25]. Nanofibers of PLA functionalized with laponite (LAP)/amoxicillin (AMX) prolonged the drug release up to

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• compartments, such as the nucleus, filopodia, and focal adhesions, resulting in the modulation of signal cascades that leads to changes in cell proliferation, attachment, orientation, and differentiation, among others [2]. In nerve tissue engineering, the implant micro- and nanotopography serve as physical

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• especially anticancer potential [1][2]. Several in vivo and in vitro studies in recent years have demonstrated that CUR can influence cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis [3]. It has been reported that CUR exerts anticancer effects in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by

• . After 24 h, free CUR significantly decreased cell proliferation from 40% to 6% (Huh-7, Figure 6A) and 50% to 5% (MCF-7, Figure 6C) at concentrations of 12.5 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. However, CUR-HSA-MPs, at an equivalent concentration of CUR, significantly decreased cell proliferation from 51% to 21

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• effects on cell proliferation, infectivity percentage, and ultrastructure. SPIONs were internalized by both parasite stages, randomly distributed in the cytosol and located mainly in membrane-bound compartments. The selectivity index for intracellular amastigotes was more than 240 times higher compared to

• antiproliferative effects of SPIONs in L. amazonensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Despite being internalized by promastigotes, SPIONs did not affect the cell proliferation of the parasites (Figure 4A). A completely different result was observed for intracellular amastigotes, where the reduction in

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• to the previous day, that is, there was no cell proliferation, and the escape of cells from the matrix was negligible. In the case of neat yolk–shell encapsulated cells, the cell leakage has been evaluated mixing the particles in the tube and observing an increase in the absorbance of the supernatant

• above the sedimented particles. This way, a “−“ sign indicates no appreciable cell proliferation in the growth medium besides the cells already encapsulated in the yolk–shell microstructures. All these critical features have been studied and compared among the different systems over a course of ten days

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• acid hydrate, Cell Proliferation Kit II test (Roche). XTT solution was added to each plate at 50 µL and was incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. Then, the absorbance (optical density, OD) of the solution in each plate was read at 450 nm by a spectrophotometer (BiotekELx800, Winooski, VT, USA). Statistical

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• and thermally stable, quasi-spherical, photoluminescent material with very good antibacterial and anticancer properties under visible light irradiation [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. This material has very good biocompatibility, including low dark cytotoxicity and good cell proliferation

• which MRC5 cells were maintained as monolayer cultures, was replaced with undiluted sample extract (100%), and 50% and 25% sample extracts (prepared by diluting sample extracts with fresh RPMI-1640). After 48 h of treatment with sample extracts, cell proliferation was determined using MTT reduction

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• % for AgNPs-T80. In other words, at concentrations close to 50 µg/mL, the cytotoxic action of the nanoparticles becomes selective. This result is possibly due to the fact that a higher content of nanoparticles prevents cell proliferation in neoplastic cells. MCF-7 cells are known to overexpress matrix

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• favorable for bone cell proliferation, although a high pH value may be detrimental to optimal osteoblast metabolism [14]. It was shown, for example, that values of pH 7.0–7.5 were optimal for osteoclast differentiation and proliferation [57]. MTT assay and biocompatibility of composites Figure 9 shows the

• probably caused by the more porous structure and, as a result, higher dissolution rate of these composites, inducing an increased ion concentration in the surrounding biological environment, which may be detrimental for cell proliferation. It can be noticed that HAG-1200 ceramics without BG also exhibited

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• -LNPs at the same concentration, indicating the synergistic effects of BDP and Au-LNPs (Figure 5c). Because of the photothermal effects of BDP and Au-LNPs, AB-LNPs with a BDP concentration of 30 μM and a Au concentration of 30 μM presented strong cell proliferation inhibitory effects (90.2%) in

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• tensile strength of ≈7.05 MPa. According to the findings in vitro, the combination of scaffolds promotes fast cell-to-cell contact, which boosts the regeneration impact on pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation [94]. The impact of a hybrid nanocomposite of poly(3

• al. (2013), composites of chitosan–multiwalled carbon nanotubes with hydroxyapatite have the potential to enhance the elastic modulus and compressive strength to 1089.1 MPa and 105.5 MPa, respectively. The cell proliferation of the nanocomposites was evaluated via the CCK-8 test. The results

• . Through cell viability, porosity measurements, in vitro degradation, and degradation tests, researchers determined that the composites showed increased biocompatibility and promoted cell proliferation and growth, in addition to having a steady degradation rate [61]. In addition, a layer-by-layer assembly

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• materials using bioactive and bioadhesive molecules, such as full-length ECM proteins or functional peptide fragments thereof. These ligands interact with cell receptors for guiding cellular responses, such as cell proliferation or specific matrix degradation [31][32][33][34]. Compared to full-length

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• migration capacity, and cells on soft substrates (3 kPa) had the lowest migration capacity (Figure 2c). Cell proliferation assays also revealed that both cell lines had a significantly greater ability to proliferate on stiff substrates, and that the proliferation of prostate cancer cells significantly

• min and then stained using crystal violet for 10 min. Images were obtained using an inverted optical microscope (Nikon ECLIPSE TS100, Japan). These data were quantified using the ImageJ software. Cell proliferation assay The proliferation of HPV-PZ-7 and PC-3 cells on substrates with different

• . Supporting Information Figure S1: The toxic effect of polyacrylamide hydrogel substrates on prostate cancer cells. Figure S2: The effect of substrate stiffness on cell proliferation. Figure S3: The effect of substrate stiffness on cell morphology. Figure S4: The effect of blebbistatin on PCa cytoskeleton

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• ]. Although the results showed no appreciable difference between NMS and MS scaffolds in terms of inducing redifferentiation, nanoscale patterning of the microfibers influenced cell proliferation. In another study, similar results were obtained regarding the effect of poly(ʟ,ᴅ-lactide) (PLDLA) microfibers or

• -functionalized SWCNTs not only improved the mechanical properties and cell proliferation, but also had no cytotoxic effect on BMSCs. The experimental results of implanting the composite scaffold demonstrated that reasonable addition of SWCNTs is critical to repair the cartilage defects and the 0.5% group had the

• enhancing the ALP activity and mineralization, the scaffold showed improved cell proliferation. Khoshroo et al. fabricated a 3D PCL/TiO2 sintered microsphere scaffold, which improved the mechanical and biological properties for bone TE purposes [143]. Moreover, the results showed that the presence of TiO2

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• -(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation kit (Applichem) according to the instructions from the manufacturer. In each plate, the assay was repeated for the blank medium and untreated cells in medium as controls. Then, the MTT reagent was added to each well

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• studies; magnetic spinel ferrite nanoparticles; methotrexate; poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride); Introduction Cancer is the second leading cause of death and, as such, it is a global health concern [1]. It is caused by uncontrolled cell proliferation, reduced cell death rate, or both [2

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• nanoemulsion (25 µM-7 µM) inhibited cell proliferation by 50% via cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. In addition, a CUR nanoemulsion exerted a four-fold increase in caspase-3, in contrast to a six-fold increase exerted by co-administered CUR–PIP. Curcumin is also commonly co-loaded in

• advantages include high biocompatibility, safety, and flexibility (the latter can be modulated by the concentration of cholesterol in the lipid membrane) [40][73][74]. PEGylated long-circulating liposomes with co-encapsulated CUR–doxorubicin inhibited C26 (murine colon carcinoma) cell proliferation, in

• ), where a reduced cell proliferation was consequently obtained [135]. In another study, CUR-loaded MNP were significantly more effective in reducing tumor size (71.2%) in xenotransplanted mice (HPAF-II pancreatic cancer cells), as compared to F-CUR (35.9%). This suggests the need to take into account more