Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

• is the diffusion coefficient; M = x1(1 − x1) takes into account that diffusion is possible onto free sites; ∇ = d/dr. The last term in Equation 2 represents a stochastic source that takes into account the effects of redistribution of adatoms at the microscopic level, describing the system at the

Precursor sticking coefficient determination from indented deposits fabricated by electron beam induced deposition

• Alexander Kuprava and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 35–43, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.4

• to obtain values for the diffusion coefficient (D), residence time (τ), and sticking coefficient (s). In this case, the sticking coefficient corresponds to “precursor-to-deposit” sticking rather than to “precursor-to-substrate” sticking as the actual substrate for continued growth is the deposit

• density, τ is the average precursor residence time, σ is the energy-averaged dissociation cross section, and D is the surface diffusion coefficient. This rate equation makes up the balance between all processes that contribute to replenishment and depletion of precursor molecules. The electron beam is

• can also be applied to indented deposits under certain conditions. Indented deposits are typically formed when using a precursor with a larger surface diffusion coefficient and a wide large-diameter beam, for example. The appearance of an indent or, for wider deposits, a brim around a central plateau

Effect of radiation-induced vacancy saturation on the first-order phase transformation in nanoparticles: insights from a model

• Aram Shirinyan and
• Yuriy Bilogorodskyy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1453–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.117

• and recombine with vacancies located at the particle surface or interphase boundary. (The concentration of interstitials becomes much smaller than the vacancy concentration, while the diffusion coefficient of interstitials is much larger than the diffusion coefficient of vacancies). In this case, the

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• porous nanoparticles when the liquid is saturated with hydrogen, depending on the specific metals and their properties (e.g., hydrogen permeability and diffusion coefficient of hydrogen) [91]. To summarize, the generated nanoparticles can be oxidized or reduced depending on process parameters such as

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• rate of collisions between two spheres in solution, normalized by the number of binding sites for that protein, where RNP is the radius of the NP, NA is Avogadro’s number, RA is the effective adsorbate radius, D is the pair diffusion coefficient given by taking the viscosity η = 8.9 × 10−4 Pa·s. We

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• elements (CPE) [65]. According to Table 2, the charge transfer resistances of all Ge@C electrodes are much lower than the values of the pure Ge electrode, and Ge/C-iM750 exhibits the lowest value. The ionic conductivity was evaluated using the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient () using the following

Cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy on III–V epitaxial multilayer stacks: challenges and perspectives

• Mattia da Lisca,
• José Alvarez,
• James P. Connolly,
• Nicolas Vaissiere,
• Karim Mekhazni,
• Jean Decobert and
• Jean-Paul Kleider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 725–737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.59

• space charge that extends for around 0.16 μm inside the first InP:Zn region. As a matter of fact, the diffusion of Zn impurities is likely to occur due to the high temperatures required for the growth of the material and the high diffusion coefficient of Zn in InP [30]. Therefore, the true spatial

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• Figure 4a). In fact, kF = 3Dm/ℏ [47], where D = [48] is the quasiparticle diffusion coefficient and m is the mass of the electron. From the value of D reported in Table 1, we get kF ≈ 1.3 and then α = 0.51. In contrast, data are very well reproduced by the WHH theory with α = 0, even though the points

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• ). Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using the LAMMPS [48] package using an NVT ensemble with a timestep of 0.1 fs. The TIP4P/2005 [49] water model was used since it provides a satisfactory description of self-diffusion coefficient [50], phase diagram, vapor–liquid equilibria [51][52], vapor

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• shows that the diffusion process regulates the electrochemical reaction of ferrocyanide. Given that the diffusion coefficient and electrolyte concentration were constant throughout all tests, the effective surface area (A) of the electrode had the greatest influence on the peak current (Ip

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• is the conductivity of the F layer [88][89], ξf = Df is the diffusion coefficient in the ferromagnetic metal, and Tc is the critical temperature of the superconductor [1][2]. We assume ℏ = kB = 1. We also assume that the SF interface is not magnetically active. We will consider the diffusive limit

• Usadel equation has the following form [93]: Here, Ds is the diffusion coefficient in the superconductor, and Δ(x) is the superconducting order parameter (pair potential). From the Usadel equations, it can be shown that there is a symmetry relation between θ↑ and θ↓: θ↑(E) = (−E), where E is the energy

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• = r2/π2D, where r is the grain radius and D is the carrier’s diffusion coefficient. Consequently, as the particle radius decreases, a higher number of photogenerated carriers can reach the surface, where they might participate in a photocatalytic process [76]. Bismuth is often used as a nanoscale

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• of 10 ps can be estimated as 10−9 m/10−11 s = 100 m/s. For the conventional spin diffusion, the spin memory length is where is the diffusion coefficient, τs is the Elliott–Yafet spin-relaxation time [46][47], τ is the charge transport relaxation time, and vF is the Fermi velocity. For the purpose

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• is the electrode active area (cm2), Dr is the diffusion coefficient (7.6 × 10−6 cm2·s−1), and C0 is the concentration of K3Fe(CN)6 (mol·cm−3). From the slope of the plot of Ip vs ν1/2, the effective surface area for bare GCE and ERGO/GCE was calculated to be 0.0707 and 0.121 cm2, respectively, which

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• parameters (including dimensionless velocity) for water/CuO and kerosene/CuO were calculated using MATLAB. They found that water/CuO nanofluids have a much higher velocity than kerosene/CuO systems. Therefore, both the previous study by the authors regarding diffusion coefficient and the Abid et al. study

A non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on copper oxide nanostructures

• Irena Mihailova,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Marina Krasovska,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Valdis Mizers,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Andrejs Ogurcovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 424–436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.35

• electrons transferred in the redox reaction, D is the diffusion coefficient in solution (D = 6.8 × 10−5 cm2·s−1), C* is the concentration (mol·cm−3); v is the scan rate (100 mV·s−1), and A denotes the effective surface area of the electrode (cm2). The electrochemically active surface area was calculated to

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• was used as a model to demonstrate that a combination of polarization relaxation measurements and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM)-based mapping of the Volta potential before and after the end of polarization can be used to determine the chemical diffusion coefficient of the ceria component of the

• composite. The KPFM measurements were performed at room temperature and show diffusion coefficients in the range of 3 × 10−13 cm2·s−1, which is comparable to values measured for single-phase Gd-doped ceria thin films using the same method. Keywords: ceria; diffusion coefficient; Kelvin probe force

• polarization experiments) to determine the chemical diffusion coefficient Dδ (in cm·s−1) by applying In ceria, the chemical diffusion coefficient is thought to be the diffusion coefficient for oxygen ions. The diffusion length L (in cm) is, in the case of the AFM-based measurements, the length scale that can

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• , respectively, termed as Gibbs–Marangoni concerning surface tension gradients and Bénard–Marangoni concerning thermal gradients [58][59][60][61][62]. The pattern and shape of the fractals depend on flux, thermal energy, surface energy, and diffusion coefficient of the clusters. The schematic shown in Figure 4

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF₃)₄

• Alexey Prosvetov,
• Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
• Gennady Sushko and
• Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

• surface diffusion data for Pt(PF3)4 on hydroxylated or pristine SiO2 are not available, the obtained value of the surface diffusion coefficient, D = 2.85 × 10−7 cm2/s at 300 K, is within the range of values known for the typical surface diffusion coefficient of FEBID precursors [6][7][13]. Figure 2 shows

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

• the terrace width of the multilayer pyramidal adsorbate islands and the linear size of the system. Lateral flux The lateral adsorbate flow on the first layer includes both free surface diffusion J0, defined according to Fick’s law J0 = −D↔∇x with a lateral diffusion coefficient D↔, and a diffusion

• electrical field strength Dem. Dependence of the critical value of the electrical field strength on the adsorption coefficient α at different values of the vertical diffusion coefficient k∥. (a) Typical snapshots of the system evolution after the electric field is turned off at k∥ = 0.1, α = 0.06. The first

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• lead to decreased stability and an enhanced drug diffusion coefficient. No drastic change in temperature of the solution was observed after NIR irradiation. Hong et al. developed a system to estimate the photothermal conversion efficacy of GNRs for different irradiation laser powers and reported that

Seebeck coefficient of silicon nanowire forests doped by thermal diffusion

• Shaimaa Elyamny,
• Elisabetta Dimaggio and
• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1707–1713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.153

• time, t is the time and DP is the diffusion coefficient of phosphorous at the given temperature T, evaluated as , with D0 = 0.79 cm2/s and EP = 3.29 eV, following [24]. The radial doping profiles are also reported in Figure 4. The Seebeck coefficient of the doped nanowires is difficult to evaluate

Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point on a Casson nanofluid flow over a radially stretching sheet

• Ganji Narender,
• Kamatam Govardhan and
• Gobburu Sreedhar Sarma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.114

• viscosity, ρf is the fluid density, α represents the thermal diffusivity, Cp represents a constant pressure for a specific heat value, k0 denotes a chemical reaction coefficient, (ρcp)f represents the heat capacity, DB represents the Brownian diffusion coefficient, Q0 represents the volumetric heat

• generation, DT is the thermophoresis diffusion coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, β represents the Casson fluid parameter, and T represents the nanofluid temperature. The following similarity variables are taken into consideration: Finally, the ODEs describing the proposed flow problem can be

Thermophoretic tweezers for single nanoparticle manipulation

• Jošt Stergar and
• Natan Osterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1126–1133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.97

• , diffusion coefficient D = kBT/6πηa, and thermodiffusion coefficient DT = STD (here ST is the Soret coefficient) in a solvent of viscosity η we dynamically created high-temperature gradients. To limit diffusion of the particle, one has to create an appropriate temperature gradient ∇T to produce a