Feasibility analysis of carbon nanofiber synthesis and morphology control using a LPG premixed flame

• Iftikhar Rahman Bishal,
• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Faizuan Bin Abdullah,
• I Putu Tedy Indrayana and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.45

• . A higher presence of defects was found before in CNFs via Raman spectroscopy [12]. A slightly elevated defect density was also observed in CNTs derived from LPG [16][31]. The D band and G band intensities show an ID/IG ratio of more than 1.13, which is a clear indicator for high disorder and

Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy

• Shiwani Randhawa,
• Trilok Chand Saini,
• Manik Bathla,
• Rahul Bhardwaj,
• Rubina Dhiman and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44

• , these therapies hold the potential to significantly improve cognitive outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by AD, underscoring the importance of targeted interventions in combating this complex neurodegenerative disorder. Conventional approaches have shown promise in the detection and

N₂⁺-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

• Usha Rani,
• Kafi Devi,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

• significantly relative to as-deposited Mo films of the same nominal thickness, as illustrated in Table 1. Nitrogen ions during implantation induced many lattice defects, including point defects, dislocations, and distortions, in the Mo crystal lattice, resulting in microstructural disorder and amorphization

Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

• types of atoms in the high-entropy alloy and z(m) = −2,…,2. In the two-dimensional lattice presentation, the interaction strength δ(r) with the randomly distributed z(m) = z(r) represents the δ-correlated quenched spatial disorder with ⟨δ(r)⟩ = δ0; Δ is the strength of the spatial disorder. Next, we

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• characteristic C 1s π–π* shake-up peak was larger and broadened in the pulsed laser-grafted gold nanoparticle–carbon fiber paper composite, compared to hydrophilic carbon fiber paper (Figure 4), indicating disorder and contributions from sp2- and sp3-hybridized carbon [58], as expected from the nanosecond laser

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• dual-functionalized MWCNTs and MWCNTs-G, blank and TMZ-loaded, are presented in Figure 5. When analyzing these spectra, the following features were taken into consideration: the D (“disorder”) band, usually positioned around 1350 cm−1 and related to the degree of structural defects, deteriorations, and

Probing the potential of rare earth elements in the development of new anticancer drugs: single molecule studies

• Josiane A. D. Batista,
• Rayane M. de Oliveira,
• Carlos H. M. Lima,
• Milton L. Lana Júnior,
• Virgílio C. dos Anjos,
• Maria J. V. Bell and
• Márcio S. Rocha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 187–194, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.15

• -disorder statistical model that describes DNA interactions with small ligands was developed by our group in the past [22][19]. Such a model allows one to extract the binding parameters of a given interaction from the data of the persistence length as a function of the ligand concentration in the sample [22

• equilibrium association constant of the order of 105 M−1, that is, a considerably strong binding. To advance in the comparison, we fit the persistence length data of the complexes formed between DNA and ytterbium and neodymium with the quenched-disorder model presented, which is the same model used to analyze

• formed with erbium, in contrast, both mechanical parameters behave completely differently, as previously shown in Figure 1c and Figure 2c, suggesting a strong DNA compaction for compound concentrations above 0.04 μM. Such discontinuous behavior cannot be fitted with our quenched-disorder model to

Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes

• Ebrahim Sadaqa,
• Satrialdi,
• Fransiska Kurniawan and
• Diky Mudhakir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1667–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.131

• (with AUR), compared to the control value of 64.597 ± 1.050 Å2. As demonstrated by previous research, an increase in the area per lipid is generally indicative of looser packing of lipid molecules within the bilayer, correlating with increased membrane disorder [27]. These slight increases in APL

• suggest a minor loosening of the lipid packing, potentially reflecting a modest increase in membrane disorder. However, the similar mean APL values observed with both OLA and AUR agents suggest that the extent of this effect is comparable for both. This indicates that, while OLA and AUR may induce some

• degree of membrane disorder, the overall impact on lipid packing density is relatively small and does not significantly differ between the two agents. We further assessed the membrane’s structural and dynamic properties in the presence of OLA and AUR, focusing on membrane thickness, lipid tilt, radial

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• therapeutic efficacy [44]. The development of PLHNPs for phytochemical delivery holds significant promise across various biomedical applications. PLHNPs can be utilized in cancer therapy, cardiovascular disease management, neurodegenerative disorder treatment, and other areas of medicine where phytochemicals

Effect of radiation-induced vacancy saturation on the first-order phase transformation in nanoparticles: insights from a model

• Aram Shirinyan and
• Yuriy Bilogorodskyy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1453–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.117

• . Disorder can arise from the recombination of these defects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In metals, for instance, the equilibrium concentration of thermal vacancies, even at high pre-melting temperatures, reaches values of only about 0.1% [10][11]. Therefore, in the following, we will focus on radiation

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• shape was looked into by Holec et al. [48], while Martin et al. considered silver NPs [49]. A comparative study of surface disorder in Au and Ag NPs upon cooling was carried out by Agudelo-Giraldo et al. [50]. Chushak and Bartell considered the structural modifications upon freezing of several molten Au

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• highest temperature at this position. Samples with small grain gradients, corresponding to a higher number of amorphous atoms, exhibit an increase in mixture disorder of the atoms, leading to higher kinetic energy, which generates more thermal energy [34]. Figure 7 displays the crystal structure evolution

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• due to the vibrations of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms in graphene. The ratio of ID/IG is characteristic for the disorder of the graphene structure [29]. The characteristic vibrations for anatase are also observed in the Raman spectrum of the TiO2/GQDs sample. However, the D and G bands of GQDs shift to

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• has shown significant treatment efficacy for central nervous system (CNS) disorders including depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The physicochemical properties of DCS, however, limit the options of formulation and medicinal applications of DCS, and

• disease, and post-traumatic stress disorder [13][14][15][16]. In general, solid dosage forms for oral administration are preferable for therapies against CNS disorders. Nevertheless, challenges persist with oral solid dosage forms, including issues of bioavailability and clinical efficacy [17]. On the

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• ) account for many disorder conditions of blood vessels and heart. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of plaque within arterial walls, is a major factor in strokes and myocardial infarctions and remains a substantial global health challenge. In recent years

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• disorder with ion irradiation conditions, the RBS-c data were analyzed and the damage depth distribution (i.e., finite-difference frequency-domain, FDFD, as a function of depth) was extracted by using the simulation code “De-channelling In Crystals And Defect Analysis (DICADA)” [35]. The RBS-c results show

Exploring disorder correlations in superconducting systems: spectroscopic insights and matrix element effects

• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Alexander E. Lukyanov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 199–206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.19

• Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza,Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50740-560, Brasil 10.3762/bjnano.15.19 Abstract Understanding the intricate interplay between disorder and superconductivity has become a key area of research in condensed matter physics, with

• profound implications for materials science. Recent studies have shown that spatial correlations of disorder potential can improve superconductivity, prompting a re-evaluation of some theoretical models. This paper explores the influence of disorder correlations on the fundamental properties of

• superconducting systems, going beyond the traditional assumption of spatially uncorrelated disorder. In particular, we investigate the influence of disorder correlations on key spectroscopic superconductor properties, including the density of states, as well as on the matrix elements of the superconducting

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• explains how the complex nanostructure translates up to the microstructure, leading to more disorder in 3D space in Technora® compared to Kevlar®. The other unique microstructural aspect is the lack of a fiber skin in our real-space AFM scans of Technora®. In Kevlar®, the skin is a prominent feature up to

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• . The 500 subsequent bombardments with their collision cascades lead to the displacement of target atoms, creating disorder and point defects. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms get mixed into the target and can get trapped at interstitial or vacancy sites. The different kind of defects are not intrinsically

• angle and is related to the extent of the collision cascade. This behavior induces a localized concentration of damage which can, at certain angles, channel deeper in the bulk. This, in turn, can cause some extremely localized disorder that would disturb the lattice enough to modify the amorphous

• coefficient value below the threshold for the crystalline region. An extensive characteristic that can be studied easily in each of our slabs is the radial distribution function, as it allows to confirm the nature of each slab by studying the local order/disorder. Radial distribution function The radial

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• influenced by both the radiative part Qr and a nonradiative part Qnr via 1/Q = 1/Qr + 1/Qnr provided that the material is lossless. Qnr incorporates defects such as structural disorder, surface roughness, and fabrication errors. The simulation of the unit cell was performed by COMSOL Multiphysics with

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• for his professional help in the preparation of the samples. Funding The work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant Scha 632/24, “Tailored Disorder” and Scha 632/27, “DFG-Gerätezentrum”). This work was also supported by the free state of Thuringia under grants 2015 FGI 0025

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• rotational symmetry around the axis, that is, τx = τy. We consider the possibility of anisotropic magnetic scattering times. These can occur in ferromagnetic superconductors where magnetic disorder can be characterized by two scattering times τx = τy and τz [82]. The Usadel equations employed in this work

• case of a ferromagnetic ordering in which disorder is anisotropic (one axis is special), the spin-flip rates in the directions along the ferromagnetic axis and perpendicular to it may be different. In this case, as we mentioned earlier, two scattering times would be necessary. In the S layer, the

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• electrical properties of these nanostructures, with a small disorder, and superior quality for nanodevice applications. Keywords: electrical characterization; field-effect transistors; hopping conduction; nanobelts; tellurium; Introduction The chalcogen tellurium (Te) is a rare element (0.002 ppm) in the

• materials [29][31] and one-dimensional nanostructures [17][18][28][47]. However, VRH was not observed in our t-Te roll-like NWs, indicating low disorder in these nanostructures. Mobility values of more than 700 cm2/Vs have also been reported at room temperature for t-Te NWs [48]. However, in this case, the

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• –H bonds are shorter than these counts, it is safe to assume that the local disorder induced by reactions between water molecules and the sample surface tends to disorganize the silicon lattices. These bonds are longer than those of the crystalline structure, and their distribution follows a Gaussian

• region designates slabs with almost no remaining crystalline structure. There is a large variance in bond lengths, generally describing a damaged/amorphous area with a lot of disorder. A full breakdown of a sample bombarded by 0°, 45°, and 75° argon ions and the associated µ coefficients can be found in

• computation speed when using a large number of atoms. The results show that with increasing disorder the amorphization can be described by the change in bond lengths and bond angles. Therefore, the variation and distribution of angles in the amorphous region evolve to a point where all the angular

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

• Dick Hartmann Douma,
• Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
• Alessio Lamperti,
• Stéphane Kenmoe,
• Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
• Alberto Debernardi and
• Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

• is due to the structural disorder induced by the 2Ni dopants and the O vacancies. Furthermore, the analysis of the XANES signatures shows that the oxidation state of nickel atoms changes with the introduction of oxygen vacancies. Our study therefore shows a possibility to control the oxidation state

• vacancies introduces atomic disorder into the system, which may affect the oxidation state of the Ni dopant atoms. Also, XANES spectra features have been shown to be sensitive to the onset or presence of structural disorder in a crystalline structure [36][37]. Thus, we have performed calculations of the

• XANES K-edge of oxygen atoms in Ni-doped zirconia to determine the signatures of disorder introduced by the O vacancies. Also, by combining the XANES signatures with the projected density of states (PDOS), we are able to determine the oxidation state of Ni dopant atoms in zirconia. The XANES