Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• unattached catalyst material, which is especially problematic with precious catalysts. Overall, separate nanoparticle synthesis–attachment produces composites with adhesion, durability, electrical contact, and concomitant energy efficiency issues. Here, we report a new one-step pulsed laser grafting process

• , electrolyte (Figure 6). Gas chromatography (GC) was used to identify products. In mildly alkaline electrolytes, as used here, gold-catalyzed aqueous bicarbonate reduction to hydrogen has been reported [66][67]. Our electrocatalysis testing revealed increased durability and electrochemical performance of

• between gold nanoparticles and the carbon support. In addition to the exceptional electrical contact, these composites have enhanced durability and electrochemical performance, surpassing conventionally prepared electrodes, showcasing a 1.65 times higher mass activity and exceptional stability in aqueous

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• wastewater treatment. Titanium dioxide-based materials TiO2 is the most commonly used photocatalyst for antibiotic removal owing to its unique features. In nanostructured forms, this substance exhibits outstanding physical and chemical durability, a high ratio of surface area to volume, adjustable electronic

• recombination rates, and the generated oxygen vacancies, ultimately enhancing catalytic efficiency in visible light or solar-simulated light. The durability of the modified TiO2 relied on the number of electrons in the dopants and their ionic size. Although researchers have significantly improved the catalytic

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• and durability. For instance, low-friction coatings inspired by Hymenoptera cuticles can be applied to materials to reduce wear and tear, thereby enhancing performance, and extending the lifespan of the material. Surface roughness can have beneficial effects on the overall aerodynamic characteristics

• combined with resilient fibrous helical structures enhance energy absorption and improve stress redistribution, providing additional protection against damage caused by impact loads [68]. Such adaptations not only facilitate efficient prey capture but contribute to the overall durability of the mandibles

• development of wings for exploration and rescue drones, modeled after the scoliid wasps’ wings, offering high maneuverability, durability, and efficiency in flight and underground across varied terrains. Similarly, Vespidae with elongated bodies possess pointed wings for enhanced maneuverability, while

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• alginate and other polymers are readily available and affordable materials. The combination of alginate and other polymers in nanoparticles results in increased cross-linkage, leading to a denser structure [70]. This denser structure enhances the stability and durability of the nanoparticles, making them

• nanoparticles offer excellent stability and durability, which is essential for long-term sensing applications [72]. Furthermore, these nanoparticles can encapsulate and protect sensitive sensing elements, such as enzymes or receptors, enhancing their stability and preserving their activity over extended periods

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• because of the efforts required for achieving a homogenous dispersion in an inorganic–organic matrix [22][23][24]. In this short review, we are discussing nanostructured and nanosized carbon-based materials used to improve the durability and physicochemical properties of biological implants as summarized

• potential influenced the mechanical characteristics, suggesting a better interaction with the surrounding tissues. Jozwik et al. [147] also reported the long durability of ND coatings in heart implants without any appreciable decrement of performance. Furthermore, ND layers can be easily integrated with

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• chip thickness has the lowest average resultant force, consistent with the results of the surface morphology analysis in Figure 2. The subsurface quality of the workpiece significantly affects accuracy and durability in the machining process. To investigate the deformation mechanism of the subsurface

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• optimizing their functionalities to design novel materials and devices with improved PD stability and durability [8][9][10]. Recently, researchers have investigated the use of MoS2 as a photocatalyst for the degradation of MB. They demonstrated that the MoS2–GO compound exhibited interesting PD performances

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• nanoparticles (Au NPs) were the first to be fabricated in DESs [28][29]. SERS platforms based on Au NPs-DES whose sensitivity and durability are competitive to the other materials were successfully constructed [29][30]. However, no attention has been paid to the potential of DESs in the fabrication of Ag NPs

Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane

• Shangbi Chen,
• Dewen Liu,
• Weiwei Chen,
• Huajiang Chen,
• Jiawei Li and
• Jinfang Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 270–278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.25

• durability. These impressive attributes are attributed to the deliberate design of geometric structures and careful selection of connection types for the sensing materials, thereby presenting a novel approach to fabricating stretchable and highly sensitive crack-strain sensors. This work offers a universal

• gauge factor of 107, a broad strain range of 300%, a rapid response time of 158 ms, minimal hysteresis, and outstanding durability. (The GF serves as a means to assess the sensitivity of stretchable strain sensors; it is defined as the ratio of the relative change in resistance to the applied mechanical

• within the tested frequency range, indicating the helical sensor’s sensitivity and stability across a wide range of frequencies. Furthermore, the helical sensor exhibits dynamic durability, as it maintains a steady electrical response and mechanical integrity during long-term stretch and release cycles

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• , the highest R value is 1.38 A·W−1 at 0.42 mW·cm−2. At the same time, the measured values of G and D are 4.33 and 2.58 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 (Jones), respectively, which are acceptable. The durability of the photodetector based on CuO NPs/ZnO NRs was examined by periodically exposing the device to

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• -PMOF, and Zn-PMOF (P: polyoxometalate) for CO2 conversion. Co-PMOF displayed the highest catalytic activity for CO2RR among the investigated MOFs, as illustrated in Figure 3a,b. Moreover, this catalyst also showed remarkable durability, with the current density remaining stable after 35 h of testing

• converting individual MOFs into MOF-derived carbon-support nanomaterials. Another issue is the durability of the working electrodes. Many studies have employed drop casting and the use of binders to affix MOFs onto the substrate for electrode fabrication. This approach presents drawbacks such as reduced

• 2D Ni(Im)2-15 nm, (d) durability test and FE of 2D Ni(Im)2-5 nm at −0.85 V vs RHE for 14 h. Figure 2 was adapted with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry, from [39], (“Ultrathin 2D nickel zeolitic imidazolate framework nanosheets for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2” by J.-X. Wu et al

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• robustness, for example, a higher resistance to pulverization than Si, the durability of Ge-based anode is not sufficient for practical applications [14]. To overcome this limitation, nanoscale control and composite design are two effective strategies [15][16][17][18][19]. In addition to various Ge

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• and physical stability of the pigments, ensuring greater durability. Furthermore, it reduces environmental problems because it avoids consuming natural raw materials, saving primary resources [10][11]. Inorganic pigments, generally, are less affected by light, ambient temperature, chemicals, and harsh

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• also have some limitations that prevent their wider use [3][4]. Two of the significant limitations of PEMFCs are durability and cost, which are related to each other in an unfortunate way because durability decreases as the loading of the costly electrocatalyst is reduced [1][2][3]. Both durability and

• by its durability in acidic environments under high potential [23]. However, platinum, which has to be used in PEMFCs in relatively significant amounts, is also scarce, expensive, and sensitive to CO poisoning at standard operating temperatures [4]. Therefore, many research studies have been

• . The durability of fabricated catalysts in RRDE tests is, after all, proportional to the amount of deposited platinum. Efficiency of manufactured catalysts in a fuel cell system Fabricated materials A, B, C, and D were used to make electrodes to investigate the efficiency of the fabricated Pt-based

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and reflectance measurements to assess the optical properties and the durability of the functionalized textiles. Results and Discussion Photoinduced synthesis of the Ag@polymer coating Specific monomers poly(ethylene glycol) 600 diacrylate

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• discussed in detail in [34]. Phase-transition memory technology is among actively developing and promising technologies since it enables the design of small devices with high performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness. The authors of [34] review how the characteristics of phase transition memory

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• and reduction reactions at, respectively, the anode and cathode described by Equation 3 and Equation 4. Oxidation reaction at the anode: Reduction reaction at the cathode: Carrying out the reactions in a neutral medium also contributes to the increased durability of the electrodes. However, the lack

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• were determined. Deionized water was used throughout all experiments. 3.1 Air–water interface of a persistent air-layer To investigate the shape of the air–water interface of the air layers kept by MSM and to proof the expected durability of the air layer in a water depth lower than 2 cm, a 2.0 × 2.0

• quantitative analysis, but as the sample images and the curves in Figure 3 indicate, the air layers showed the expected behavior and disappeared faster in cases where the samples were placed deeper in the water as in those samples placed closer to the water surface. 3.3 Simulation of static durability for

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• resolution and durability or wear and tear and conductivity requirements must be considered before selecting a probe. Metal-coated probes are generally suitable for high-resolution or high conductivity test experiments. Metal nanoclusters adsorbed on two-dimensional materials grown on metal substrates are an

• robustness and durability of nanowire scanning probes are also crucial. Due to their unique properties in electrical, magnetic, and optical research fields [31][32][33], metal nanowires have been prepared by various methods and applied in various fields by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years. Tay

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• outstanding sensing properties, with real-time, sensitive and selective chiral detection, high durability, and easy recovery. To understand the chiral recognition between calixarenes and analytes, Zoya I. Kazantseva et al. combined QCM and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) techniques to study

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of 66.92 m2·g−1 and a mass activity of 40.55 mA·mg−1. We investigated bonding nature, composition, and morphology of the ACC-2 sample using XPS and TEM. The material is electrochemically stable up to 10,000 potential cycles, highlighting the durability of the

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• [53]. Additionally, the polydopamine layer assured a large number of functional groups, which served as anchors for controlled distribution and growth of Ag NPs, durability of the substrate, and biocompatibility. Fewer studies paid attention to the reversed structural configuration based on coating

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• functionality of nanostructures to process external stimuli applied to the device controlling the electrical current [12]. The lower pull-in voltage and the improved durability of the NEM switches require electrode materials with high Young’s modulus, conductivity, and Poisson's ratio. The flexible suspension

• was more than 50 times. The combination of flexible valves and PDMS microchannels optimizes the optical transparency and durability of microvalves. A pneumatically coupled graphene membrane pump was designed by Davidovikj et al. [78], which is selectively permeable to gases in a controllable way, as

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• are promising materials for microdevices, although corrosion and friction limit their effectiveness and durability. We investigated nanoscale friction on a metallic glass in corrosive solutions after different periods of immersion time using atomic force microscopy to elucidate the influence of