Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• electrochemical conditions [2]. On the laboratory scale, attachment is achieved electrostatically or by adding ion-conducting polymer (i.e., ionomer) binders to the nanoparticles, either as mixtures (inks) or overlayers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Electrostatic attachment of nanoparticles to supports lacks long

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• refining turpentine from Pinus latteri trees to produce turpentine oil, which is usually used as a precursor for many industrial applications such as paints, inks, adhesives, soap, and glue production [28]. Obviously, there is a high potential of using rosin as a green precursor for nanomaterial synthesis

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• ., metal nanowires, conducting polymers, carbon nanotube (CNT) inks, multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) inks, and reduced graphene oxide) [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82], can be easily absorbed or used as a coating layer on the surface of the paper due to its wettability and

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• in sheet resistance and to increase touch sensitivity [89]. Furthermore, AgNWs can be used to prepare AgNW-based conductive inks that have remarkable rheological characteristics such as thixotropic shear thinning and thus, can be simply used for screen printing without the addition of polymeric

Electrochemically derived functionalized graphene for bulk production of hydrogen peroxide

• Munaiah Yeddala,
• Pallavi Thakur,
• Anugraha A and
• Tharangattu N. Narayanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 432–442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.34

• solution was diluted to 1%) and the details can be found in Supporting Information File 1 (Figure S9) [61]. Bulk electrolysis was conducted using the above-mentioned inks. In brief, 100 µL of the above-prepared catalyst ink was drop cast over a 1 cm2 area of the Toray carbon paper having 100 mm length and

Simple synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and nitrogenated rGO

• Pallellappa Chithaiah,
• Madhan Mohan Raju,
• Giridhar U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 68–75, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.7

• °C·min−1 using a Mettler-Toledo-TG-850 apparatus. AFM measurements were performed using a CP2 atomic force microscope. Electrode preparation and electrochemical characterization The catalyst inks of as-synthesized rGO and reduced graphene oxide H-rGO were prepared by ultrasonication separately. A mixture

Green and scalable synthesis of nanocrystalline kuramite

• Andrea Giaccherini,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Stefano Martinuzzi,
• Enrico Berretti,
• Werner Oberhauser,
• Alessandro Lavacchi,
• Giovanni Orazio Lepore,
• Giordano Montegrossi,
• Maurizio Romanelli,
• Antonio De Luca,
• Massimo Innocenti,
• Vanni Moggi Cecchi,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Antonella Buccianti and
• Francesco Di Benedetto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2073–2083, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.202

• efficient with respect to those used for silicon-based solar cell production [2][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Most of these processes yield nanocrystalline materials that can be easily dispersed in inks [28][29][30][31][32][33], leading to a plethora of new applications, even processing

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• (AA). Abietic acid is a resin acid, abundantly present in pinewood and other coniferous plants [16]. Rosin, the colorful resin material used as pigments in inks, varnishes and adhesives, largely consists of abietic acid. It is highly hydrophobic and soluble only in organic solvents such as acetone

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

• Yevhenii Havryliuk,
• Oleksandr Selyshchev,
• Mykhailo Valakh,
• Alexandra Raevskaya,
• Oleksandr Stroyuk,
• Constance Schmidt,
• Volodymyr Dzhagan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 222–227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.20

• field. Among them are kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and related compounds [1][2][3]. This class of compounds can be used in the promising technology of “printing” solar cells using inks based on CZTS nanocrystals (NCs) [4][5][6][7]. However, the structural complexity of these compounds results in numerous

• sample area. From the same FWHM of Raman bands of both inks we can conclude that the degree of crystallinity is not significantly affected by the post-synthesis heating of the NC solution. The spatial inhomogeneity of the films formed of pristine NCs (ink0) can be considered as an indication to a more

• secondary-phase content [34]. In the present study, neither of the two NC sample types shows Raman peaks of phases other than CZTS. Moreover, the series of overtones, up to the fifth order (ca. 1700 cm−1), in the spectra of both inks (Figure 1) is a further proof of their high crystallinity. It should be

High-throughput micro-nanostructuring by microdroplet inkjet printing

• Hendrikje R. Neumann and
• Christine Selhuber-Unkel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2372–2380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.222

• clean-room equipment. In contrast to such methods, inkjet printing has recently become a powerful and affordable tool for the quick, easy-to-handle and user-defined surface patterning in various orders of magnitude and with a broad spectrum of different inks, including conductive gels, dispersions, but

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• , Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia CSIRO Energy Technology, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia 10.3762/bjnano.9.60 Abstract In this study we have optimised the preparation conditions for large-volume nanoparticle inks, based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):indene-C60 multiadducts (ICxA), through two purification

• concentration on the aqueous solar nanoparticle (ASNP) inks was investigated by monitoring the surface morphology/topography of the ASNP films using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photovoltaic device performance as a function of ultrafiltration (decreasing SDS content

• ). The surface morphology/topography showed, as expected, a decreased number of SDS crystallites on the surface of the ASNP film with increased ultrafiltration steps. The device performance revealed distinct peaks in efficiency with ultrafiltration: centrifuge purified inks reached a maximum efficiency

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• therefore be fulfilled with different molecules, e.g., ligands, and the substrate is active for biological responses. Comparing to conventional lithographic stamping processes which use mobile inks, this approach solves the problems of molecular lateral diffusion and gas transport obstacles. The fabricated

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• being removed by CLL. Although not fully elucidated, we refer to the lifted-off species as a (supported) Au–alkanethiolate monolayer (vide infra). Chemical lift-off lithography differs from other subtractive or deterministic transfer printing techniques [6][19][20][21][22][23] in that the stamp “inks

• ” used during the transfer have a different composition than the inks originally deposited onto the substrates. While other types of thin Au films and Au nanoparticles are identified through their measurable geometry- or size-dependent optical and electronic properties (e.g., localized surface plasmons

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• Ioannis Kanelidis Tobias Kraus INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.263 Abstract Coinage-metal nanoparticles are key components of many printable electronic inks

• properties of the resulting film, the morphology of particle films, and the nature of the interfaces. The effects of the ligands on sintering, cross-linking, and self-assembly of particles in electronic materials are discussed. Keywords: conductivity; inks; layers; ligands; nanoparticles; Introduction

• -mediated synthesis [18][19][20], thermal decomposition [21], gamma, and electron beam irradiation [22][23], vapor phase deposition [24] and in situ synthesis through inkjet printing [25]. Such metal nanostructures are useful in inks for printed electronics (Figure 1). They are small enough not to limit

A biofunctionalizable ink platform composed of catechol-modified chitosan and reduced graphene oxide/platinum nanocomposite

• Peter Sobolewski,
• Agata Goszczyńska,
• Małgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Karolina Urbaś,
• Joanna Derkowska,
• Agnieszka Bartoszewska,
• Jacek Podolski,
• Ewa Mijowska and
• Mirosława El Fray

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1508–1514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.151

• polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products and low non-specific binding. Our results demonstrate that catechol-modified chitosan/rGO–Pt nanocomposites can be used as inks for piezoelectric printing and facilitate the attachment of biorecognition elements for biosensor applications. Keywords: biosensing

• range of inks, and scalable, as well as cost effective, thanks to reduced material waste and no mask or tooling requirement. Here we present a chitosan–catechol/graphene nanocomposite suitable for use as ink for piezoelectric non-contact printing that can serve as a platform for biosensor development

• % w/v, which is comparable to the results reported by Kim and co-workers [9]. Ink preparation and printing Inks were prepared by admixing the rGO–Pt dispersions with a 2% w/v aqueous CHI-HCA solution in a 3:1 ratio, followed by an additional 30 min bath sonication. This binary solvent mixture of EG

Study of the correlation between sensing performance and surface morphology of inkjet-printed aqueous graphene-based chemiresistors for NO₂ detection

• F. Villani,
• C. Schiattarella,
• T. Polichetti,
• R. Di Capua,
• F. Loffredo,
• B. Alfano,
• M. L. Miglietta,
• E. Massera,
• L. Verdoliva and
• G. Di Francia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1023–1031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.103

• deposition of small ink volumes and the versatility of the exploitable inks and substrates. Herein we present a feasibility study of chemiresistive gas sensors inkjet-printed onto paper substrates, in which a LPE graphene suspension dispersed in a water/isopropanol (H2O/IPA) mixture is used as sensing ink

• realized by CAD software. This guarantees high precision and accuracy in the deposition process [9][10]. All these features make IJP completely versatile in terms of employable inks and substrates, the latter being either rigid or flexible. In our previous work, we have demonstrated the reliability of IJP

• processes of graphite usually lead to yields of few-layer graphene in suspension of around 10%. This can be further improved by complex recycling procedures [5][15]. However, as the printing process would benefit from the use of inks with higher concentrations of the active material, the suspension has been

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• of 150 nm , has already demonstrated advantages in pattern definition, spot homogeneity, and consistent spot dimensions for different dye sensors (phloxine B and bromophenol blue) spotted in ethanol based inks [9]. In the present approach, the pores of the HEMA-EDMA support act as a mesh that

• water-based click-chemistry inks [10][14][15] where CuAAC mediated covalent immobilization of ink molecules and embedment’s within the polymer mesh makes the pattern highly stable in solution [10]. To determine if lipids deposited on nanoporous HEMA-EDMA polymer could be used to generate functional

• -EDMA (Figure 4, graph). Conclusion We present a novel platform for binding studies of functional molecules based on lipid arrays embedded in a nanoporous hydrophilic polymer substrate. The microcontact spotting approach used to pattern the functional lipid inks into arrays allows for the multiplexing

Photothermal effect of gold nanostar patterns inkjet-printed on coated paper substrates with different permeability

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Anni Määttänen,
• Petri Ihalainen,
• Maddalena Collini,
• Elisa Cabrini,
• Giacomo Dacarro,
• Piersandro Pallavicini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1480–1485, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.140

• requires the ability to maintain high efficiency and tunability of the NIR LSPR of the printed nanoparticles. In this study stable inks containing PEGylated gold nanostars (GNS) were fabricated and successfully inkjet-printed onto differently coated paper substrates with different porosity and permeability

• effect; Introduction Due to advantages over other patterning techniques, inkjet printing technology has met important challenges to pattern a broad range of functional materials with promising biomedical application [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Inks based on metal nanoparticles are widely used in inkjet

• , drops/mm2) and number of layers. The dependence of the photothermal response of the printed GNS patterns on the laser intensities and printed amounts of ink is also reported. Results and Discussion The stable inks were formulated by adding 1,2-ethanediol (20 vol %) and 2-propanol (10 vol %) to the

Characterisation of thin films of graphene–surfactant composites produced through a novel semi-automated method

• Nik J. Walch,
• Alexei Nabok,
• Frank Davis and
• Séamus P. J. Higson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 209–219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.19

• sensor applications, for use in flexible electronics [2] and graphene-based printable inks for printed electrical circuits [3]. Graphene has reportedly been produced in a number of different ways. The method chosen for this research is sonochemical exfoliation in water in the presence of a surfactant, as

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

• 10 years for energy generation and storage. In particular, the possibility to include these nanostructured materials using lightweight flexible substrates, printable inks, low temperature and ambient pressure fabrication tools allows for a dramatic reduction in production costs [15]. Organic solar

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• substrates using various types of conductive inks can be considered as one of the most promising routes for the development of cost-effective, disposable biosensors [4]. Electrochemical (bio)sensors are inherently endowed with several attracting features which are useful for various technological

Possibilities and limitations of advanced transmission electron microscopy for carbon-based nanomaterials

• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1541–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.158

• nanoparticles were also essential ingredients in inks and printing pastes used over centuries in various cultures [17]. Another example are carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [18] which found their way into the secret recipe of ultra-sharp Damascus steel, which dates back to seventeenth century, and are believed to be

Tattoo ink nanoparticles in skin tissue and fibroblasts

• Colin A. Grant,
• Peter C. Twigg,
• Richard Baker and
• Desmond J. Tobin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1183–1191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.120

• is widely acknowledged that nanoparticles have higher levels of chemical activity than their larger particle equivalents. However, assessment of the toxicity of tattoo inks has been the subject of little research and ink manufacturers are not obliged to disclose the exact composition of their

• associated pigment particles can be found to leave the skin via its vasculature and enter the lymphatic system (nodes) [3]. Tattoo inks are commonly made up of a mixture of small organic pigments, water and isopropyl alcohol. Surprisingly, manufacturers of tattoo ink are not compelled to reveal the precise

• ingredients or chemical composition of their ink products despite their potential systemic absorption. Black inks are commonly made from soot (carbon black) particles. Tattoo inks can contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at a range of concentrations, which are reported to be carcinogenic, mutagenic

An insight into the mechanism of charge-transfer of hybrid polymer:ternary/quaternary chalcopyrite colloidal nanocrystals

• Parul Chawla,
• Son Singh and
• Shailesh Narain Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1235–1244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.137

• the above observations was provided by investigating the photoluminescence intensities of each of the prepared hybrid nanocomposites of CISe, CIGSe and CZTSe. Emission intensity studies for each of the nanocrystal inks: P3HT were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy to study trends of

• . A similar procedure was followed to prepare the CIGSe and CZTSe inks as well as their corresponding polymer nanocomposites with the polymer P3HT. The absorption spectra of the CISe, CIGSe and CZTSe samples were recorded by using a Shimadzu 3101 spectrometer. PL was measured by using a self-assembled

Optical and structural characterization of oleic acid-stabilized CdTe nanocrystals for solution thin film processing

• Claudio Davet Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Mauricio Ortega-López,
• Manuel A. Pérez-Guzmán,
• A. Mauricio Espinoza-Rivas,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Rebeca Ortega-Amaya,
• L. Gerardo Silva-Vidaurri,
• Virginia C. Castro-Peña and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 881–886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.100

• , 350 and 400 °C. On the other hand, oleic acid is a green organic ligand, which has been successfully used in preparing a great variety of colloidal materials [15][25][26], including CdTe quantum dots [27][28][29]. This work presents our early results on the elaboration of CdTe-based inks for potential