Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• photothermal conversion and tunability of light absorption of these materials simplify the therapeutic light source, broadening their applicability [17][18]. Furthermore, the customizable nature of these nanomaterials allows for the development of personalized treatment plans, tailored to individual patient

Orientation-dependent photonic bandgaps in gold-dust weevil scales and their titania bioreplicates

• Norma Salvadores Farran,
• Limin Wang,
• Primoz Pirih and
• Bodo D. Wilts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.1

• structure. While the individual scales appear bright and of saturated color, the resulting overall coloration under an extended light source is uniformly green with a very low specularity. The synthesis of negative replicas using titania sol–gel chemistry demonstrates its potential for producing materials

• × (NA = 0.60) objective. A white diffuse reference tile (WS-2, Avantes) was used as the reference for spectroscopy measurements. Illumination was provided by a xenon or a halogen light source. Electron microscopy Top-view images of single scales were acquired with a Zeiss Ultra Plus 55 scanning electron

• in normal direction onto the structure that was oriented along the [100] direction. The angle-integrated reflectivity was obtained from a monitor placed above the light source spanning the entire simulation box area. The gold-dust weevil Hypomeces squamosus. (a) A macro photo of the weevil with

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• Raman spectra of ʟ-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles, as well as ʟ-carnosine, as solid and in aqueous solution, were recorded at RT using an excitation source of 532 nm. The light source was a diode-pumped solid-state Nd3+:YAG laser (Cobolt Samba 0532-01-0500-500, Cobolt AB, Sweden). For solid ʟ

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• measurements were conducted using a high-resolution optical fiber spectrometer (Flame; Ocean Insight, Inc., Dunedin, FL, USA), equipped with a DH-2000-BAL light source (Ocean Insight, Inc.) and an optical fiber probe consisting of a 400 µm detector and a light guide. Spectral luminance was controlled using a

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• experiments. Photocatalytic tests The as-synthesized catalyst was placed in a custom-made batch reactor with a small transparent quartz window, which was directly connected to a gas chromatograph (GC) with thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors. A 300 W Xenon lamp was utilized as a light source

Signal generation in dynamic interferometric displacement detection

• Knarik Khachatryan,
• Simon Anter,
• Michael Reichling and
• Alexander von Schmidsfeld

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1070–1076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.87

• highly stable interferometer can detect displacements with an accuracy far beyond nanometer resolution [3], where the final physical limit is set by the photon emission statistics of the light source [4]. In non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM), interferometry is used to measure the periodic

• in the Michelson mode resulting in a detector signal IM that is much smaller than what could be obtained by working in the Fabry–Pérot mode [12]. A temperature- and intensity-stabilized laser diode light source (type 48TA-1-42037, Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) operating at a vacuum

• Instruments, USA), which has been calibrated by 40 atomic lines distributed over the entire visible spectrum to yield an accurate value for the wavelength at a spectral resolution of 0.050 nm. As evident from the multimode spectrum of the laser diode light source shown in the inset of Figure 4, the spectrum

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• a continuous emission xenon light source (190–900 nm). All the samples were dispersed in deionized water and analyzed with an excitation wavelength of 350 and 900 nm in aqueous medium. Photocatalytic evaluation The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized CQDs was studied for the photodegradation

• of the photodegradation reaction under light radiation. In the case of tests conducted with incandescent light, a lamp was used as the light source, placed approximately 10 cm away from the solution, and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 100 min. During the degradation tests, both sunlight and

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• gold nanoparticle suspensions of CTAB-AuNM, MTAB-AuNM, and DTAB-AuNM, respectively, whereas Figure 8b shows heating and cooling of DTAB-AuNR and CTAB-AuNR, respectively. From Figure 8a, it was observed that the temperature of deionized water reached up to ≈3 °C under irradiation with a light source

• , and DTAB-AuNM on photothermal interaction with a visible broadband light source for 300 s are shown in Figure 8c. The temperature rise in AuNMs capped with CTAB, MTAB, and DTAB attains up to ≈25, ≈21, and ≈21 °C, respectively, in powdered form. The thermal images captured for the same conditions are

• shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3. Photothermal response of AuNRs in powder form It was observed that DTAB-AuNR and CTAB-AuNR in powdered form attained up to 22.4 and 30.6 °C temperature rise upon interaction with the visible broadband light source as shown in Figure 9. Photothermal

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• electrons under the InLens configuration. The optical characteristics of the films were examined using a UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu-3101PC) equipped with an unpolarised light source (300–1200 nm wavelength range). Results and Discussion Figure 1a–d depicts AFM topographic images of as-deposited

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• different wavelengths. The usable wavelength range was limited primarily by the low intensity of the incandescent light source in the violet part of the spectrum and the sensitivity of the detector in the infrared. Other materials (fiber, glass, electrolyte, and coolant) in the optical path can further

• post-production analysis (Figure 4f). The potential extension of the interferometric thickness measurement method to thinner PAAO layers could involve the utilization of a shorter-wavelength light source and UV-compatible optical components. In such a scenario, considerations should be made for the

• spectra were collected using a bifurcated optical fiber (LIGHTGUIDE LGO.INT-06.2020) with one branch attached to a stabilized tungsten-halogen light source (THORLABS SLS201L/M ) and the other to a miniature spectrometer (OCEAN OPTICS USB4000). The common optical fiber port was collimated to a ≈2 mm

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• that the modulation frequency of the light source is set high enough, it becomes possible to “stabilize” the static bending in a steady state, and photothermal cantilever excitation can be avoided (by setting the optical modulation at a frequency that differs from the cantilever resonance eigenmodes

Spatial mapping of photovoltage and light-induced displacement of on-chip coupled piezo/photodiodes by Kelvin probe force microscopy under modulated illumination

• Zeinab Eftekhari,
• Nasim Rezaei,
• Hidde Stokkel,
• Jian-Yao Zheng,
• Andrea Cerreta,
• Ilka Hermes,
• Minh Nguyen,
• Guus Rijnders and
• Rebecca Saive

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1059–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.87

• the piezo/photodiode device. The device was illuminated from the top surface using a laser diode at a wavelength of 628 nm. The light source was installed inside the AFM chamber, and the light beam was aligned towards the active area of the device. The illumination source was modulated by a square

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• , Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín B1650KNA, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 6ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2–26, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, España, 7Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Federal University of ABC (UFABC

Nanomaterials for photocatalysis and applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy

• Viet Van Pham and
• Wee-Jun Ong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 722–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.58

• development of advanced materials based on semiconductors (i.e., carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride (MBN), MgO@g-C3N4, and TiO2@MWCNTs) have indicated a highly efficient photocatalytic performance for phenol removal using a low-power visible LED light source. For NO degradation, a visible light source

Observation of multiple bulk bound states in the continuum modes in a photonic crystal cavity

• Rui Chen,
• Yi Zheng,
• Xingyu Huang,
• Qiaoling Lin,
• Chaochao Ye,
• Meng Xiong,
• Martijn Wubs,
• Yungui Ma,
• Minhao Pu and
• Sanshui Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 544–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.45

• influence and to obtain clear Lorentzian resonances, we applied a low-power broadband light source and finely tuned the illumination spot to obtain maximum excitation and collection efficiency of the setup for each mode. Different from the method applied in [30], the illumination spot size is not the same

The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• (Figure 6c). The reason for this is that in the plane crossing the cylinder perpendicular to the cylinder axis, a point on the cylinder surface exists where the incident and reflected angles (from the light source and to the detector, respectively) are equal. Rayleigh scattering The contribution of the

• using a TEM Philips EM 208 (Philips, Eindhoven, Netherlands). Reflectance spectra measurements The light scattering spectra from the white areas on the proximal parts of the hind leg tarsus of Ae. albopictus male were measured at different orientations of the light source relative to the leg and at

• different detection angles. For this purpose, the observation area was illuminated at 45° with a light source (DH-2000-BAL, Ocean Optics Inc, Dunedin, Florida, USA) through an optical fiber (200 μm diameter) equipped with a one-lens condenser, which was placed 22 mm away from the sample. The illumination

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• depth. The incident angle is θ. In our work, the numerical simulations have been performed by using a commercial software of Lumerical FDTD solutions, which is based on the finite-difference time-domain method, and the light source we used for exciting the grating coupler is a Gaussian laser beam. The

• laser (the center wavelength is ca. 7 μm) as the light source to test the coupling efficiency of the experimental samples. The MIR laser is coupled into a single-mode ZrF4 optical fiber via a black diamond-2 aspheric lens [1]. The light from the single-mode ZrF4 optical fiber is coupled into the

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• , with a D65 light source (Shenzhen, China). XRD diffractograms of (a) alumina showing the θ-Al2O3 phase, (b) sample 1 showing a mixture of alumina and eskolaite phases Cr2O3, and (c) sample 2 showing a mixture of alumina and hematite phases (α-Fe2O3). Raman spectroscopy of (a) sample 1, which presents

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• photophysical properties and hydrophobicity through organic reactions. In general, DPP dyes have high photoluminescence quantum yields, but they have a relatively low photostability, degrading after 150 min under a collimated 300 W Xe lamp light source. It was previously reported that introducing electron

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• pH value of the effluent, the dosage of the photocatalyst, the initial concentration of the target pollutant, the dosage of oxidants, and the type of light source. To lower the overall cost of water treatment, the photocatalyst must be effective under all types of light, including direct sunlight, UV

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• therapy (PDT) employs a light-sensitive medicine (photosensitizer) and a light source to destroy abnormal cells [72][73]. The photosensitizer absorbs the light and is activated to kill target tissue. In many cases, reactive oxygen species (ROSs) such as singlet oxygen (1O2) generated from 3O2 by a

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• , and the characteristics of irradiation source [12][13][14][15][16][17]. For biomedical applications, to achieve maximum light penetration, a light source of spectral output within 700–900 nm (NIR-I range, termed therapeutic window) is required [18][19][20]. Here, the photothermal conversion efficiency

• broadband light source and a near-infrared laser (for comparison). Gold nanospheres (GNSs) of 40 nm diameter and gold nanorods (GNRs) of sizes 25 × 47 nm, 10 × 38 nm, and 10 × 41 nm were examined. The photothermal conversion efficiency for these GNPs is reported for different nanoparticle concentrations and

• , respectively, the amounts of absorbed energy and energy dissipated to the medium. The absorbed energy Qabsorb is defined as: Here, Pinput is the incident optical power from the light source, Ptrans is the power transmitted through the GNP suspension, and η is the photothermal conversion efficiency. The energy

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• light source and the 20 mL vials with samples was 5 cm. Hydroxyl radical production The CQDs/PU composite samples in the form of 1 × 1 × 0.1 cm3 rectangular slabs were immersed in 2 mL of terephthalic acid (TA, Sigma-Aldrich) water/NaOH (2 × 10−3 mol/L) solution. The concentration of TA was 5 × 10−4 mol

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• 561.4 nm, typically incident at 0.2 mW after filtering, was used as the incident light source. The collimated light from an optical fibre was spatially filtered through a 300 μm aperture and a polariser aligned to the plane of rotation ensuring p-polarisation for SPP excitation as seen in Figure 2. The

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• electrodes were a Pt counter electrode, a Ag/AgCl 3 M reference electrode, and a MoS2/TNAs or g-C3N4/TNAs working electrode in a 1 M Na2SO4 (pH 7.4) electrolyte solution. The light source used in this study was a 150 W Xe lamp (ABET Instruments) with a calibrated luminous intensity of 100 mW·cm−2 and a UV