Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research

• Benjamin Punz,
• Maja Brajnik,
• Joh Dokler,
• Jaleesia D. Amos,
• Litty Johnson,
• Katie Reilly,
• Anastasios G. Papadiamantis,
• Amaia Green Etxabe,
• Lee Walker,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Steffi Friedrichs,
• Klaus M. Weltring,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli,
• Claus Svendsen,
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Mark R. Wiesner,
• Martin Himly,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Thomas E. Exner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 57–77, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.7

• not limited to) some or all of the following steps: (i) material synthesis or procurement, (ii) further modifications (e.g., surface functionalisation), (iii) a plethora of characterisation steps by physicochemical methods, potentially also including the application of computational modelling and

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• potential of nanotechnology in developing sustainable solutions. Experimental Materials/material synthesis The synthesis of CQDs involved the utilization of biomass-derived precursors. The method employed was based on the hydrothermal approach reported by Yuan et al. [40] with modifications in terms of

Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• been utilized as an effective tool in fundamental studies [1][2] as well as advanced technologies [2][3][4][5][6] to quickly change the magnetization in nanoscopic magnetic systems [2][5][7]. Among manifold material synthesis strategies, high-aspect-ratio multilayered nanowire arrays based on anodic

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• are thankful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for financial support within the priority project SPP 1708 “Material Synthesis Near Room Temperature” through grant Ja466/31-1, Ja466/31-2. We thank the Ernst Ruska-Centre (Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany) for access to the TEM

Gas sorption porosimetry for the evaluation of hard carbons as anodes for Li- and Na-ion batteries

• Yuko Matsukawa,
• Fabian Linsenmann,
• Maximilian A. Plass,
• George Hasegawa,
• Katsuro Hayashi and
• Tim-Patrick Fellinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.106

• formation and reversible alkali metal storage. Experimental Material synthesis Preparation of carbons derived from ᴅ-fructose The carbons synthesized via hydrothermal method were produced by a step synthesis similar to the reported preparation according to Väli et al. [30] and Fellinger and co-workers [32

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• SP and spin-controlled point defects in this material [62]. The host material synthesis is also relevant, as the possibility to study single NVs in diamond and similar defects in SiC is based on the commercial availability of high-purity materials. Scalability is instead related to the host material

Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand

• Nicole Fillafer,
• Tobias Seewald,
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 466–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.38

• were characterized by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESIMS (see Supporting Information File 1, Figures S1–S4) and used for the material synthesis. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) n = 1: δ 7.90–7.82 (m, 4H, CN=CH-CH), 7.63–7.51 (m, 5H), 3.82 (s, 2H, C-CH2-NH3+); (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) n = 2: δ 7.90–7.82 (m, 4H, CN=CH

• precipitation was centrifuged, washed three times with 3 mL DCM/acetone and dried under reduced pressure. The samples were kept under nitrogen atmosphere to prevent decomposition. Synthesis of functionalized 3D perovskite particles For the material synthesis of 3D perovskite particles, a 1.0 M PbBr2 stock

Gas sensing properties of individual SnO₂ nanowires and SnO₂ sol–gel nanocomposites

• Alexey V. Shaposhnik,
• Dmitry A. Shaposhnik,
• Sergey Yu. Turishchev,
• Olga A. Chuvenkova,
• Stanislav V. Ryabtsev,
• Alexey A. Vasiliev,
• Xavier Vilanova,
• Francisco Hernandez-Ramirez and
• Joan R. Morante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1380–1390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.136

• assessment of their sensing characteristics. The use of ammonia in recent works is due to the strong interest in this gas as a marker for stomach diseases and to our collaboration with a company producing suitable measurement instruments in Russia (St. Petersburg). Experimental Material synthesis and

Porous N- and S-doped carbon–carbon composite electrodes by soft-templating for redox flow batteries

• Maike Schnucklake,
• László Eifert,
• Jonathan Schneider,
• Roswitha Zeis and
• Christina Roth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1131–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.113

• corresponding dopant. Material synthesis To produce a suitable reference material, the pristine carbon felt was carbonized at 800 and 1000 °C under inert atmosphere (N2, 100%). The maximum temperature was held for 1 h before letting the furnace cool down. To produce composite electrodes a soft-templating

Improving control of carbide-derived carbon microstructure by immobilization of a transition-metal catalyst within the shell of carbide/carbon core–shell structures

• Teguh Ariyanto,
• Jan Glaesel,
• Andreas Kern,
• Gui-Rong Zhang and
• Bastian J. M. Etzold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 419–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.41

• pronounced energy consumption for the reactor heating as well as with challenges to handle chlorine at such high temperatures. The second approach is using catalytic graphitization during the material synthesis. It typically requires only moderate temperatures (typically starting from 800 °C, depending on

pH-mediated control over the mesostructure of ordered mesoporous materials templated by polyion complex micelles

• Emilie Molina,
• Mélody Mathonnat,
• Jason Richard,
• Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes,
• Martin In,
• Philippe Dieudonné,
• Thomas Cacciaguerra,
• Corine Gérardin and
• Nathalie Marcotte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.14

• as the material synthesis is conducted under strongly acidic conditions (charge-matching pathway (S0H+)(X−I+)) [4][8]. In contrast, the first attempts to synthesize materials in quasi neutral solution (pH > 2) using non-ionic block copolymers, which involve weaker interactions between the PEO chains

• decreases from about 700 to 380 nm in the considered pH range. When the material synthesis was performed at a lower mass concentration (1.9 wt % of DHBC) and at pH 6.5, the material presented a well-defined lamellar mesostructure, which survived the removal of the SDA by calcination, as revealed by the TEM

• higher than 80 °C, which reduces the solvation of the PEO chains and thus weakens the interaction between PEO and silica [44]. A similar effect was observed with the present PIC structure directing agent when performing a material synthesis at pH 6.5 at 80 °C for 24 hours: the mesopore diameter of the

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• constant of the present “sheet-on-belt” branched TiO2(B)/rGO photocatalyst is 1.7 times that of TiO2(B)/rGO and 2.9 times that of pristine TiO2(B) nanobelts. Experimental Material synthesis 1. Precursor solution: The precursor solution for precipitation of nanosheet branches was prepared following Wen et

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

• Alexa Schmitz,
• Kai Schütte,
• Vesko Ilievski,
• Juri Barthel,
• Laura Burk,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Junpei Yue,
• Bernd Smarsly and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

• 50 mA/g, including a significant interfacial charge storage contribution. The obtained nanomaterials show a good rate capacity as well (220 mAh/g and 130 mAh/g) at a current density of 200 and 500 mA/g, respectively. Keywords: ionic liquids; material synthesis; metal-fluoride nanoparticles

Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1546–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

• . Experimental Material synthesis For solution combustion [20], 0.02 mol of metal nitrates (zirconyl nitrate, hexachloroplatinic acid, copper nitrate) and 0.10 mol of urea (fuel) were taken in a beaker with 10–15 mL deionized water and mixed properly. For the synthesis of Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles, the

Synthesis of [Fe(L_eq)(L_ax)]_n coordination polymer nanoparticles using blockcopolymer micelles

• Christoph Göbel,
• Ottokar Klimm,
• Florian Puchtler,
• Sabine Rosenfeldt,
• Stephan Förster and
• Birgit Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1318–1327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.133

• in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1) is observed and the doublet is very symmetric in each case. Thus the steps observed in the transition curve are due to the packing of the CP in the crystal and will strongly depend on the crystallinity of the material. Synthesis of the nanocomposite For the

Enhanced catalytic activity without the use of an external light source using microwave-synthesized CuO nanopetals

• Govinda Lakhotiya,
• Sonal Bajaj,
• Arpan Kumar Nayak,
• Debabrata Pradhan,
• Pradip Tekade and
• Abhimanyu Rana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1167–1173, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.118

• Oxford detectors, field-emission scanning electron microscopy using a Carl Zeiss SUPRA 40 instrument, and the surface area was characterized using a Quantachrome ChemBET TPR/TPD analyzer. The optical properties were analyzed using a UV–vis absorption spectrophotometer by Schimadzu 1800. Material

• synthesis In the present study, the microwave-assisted synthesis of CuO nanoflowers and nanopetals was carried out using a microwave-irradiated wet chemical technique. At first, equimolar solutions (0.5 M) of copper sulphate and sodium hydroxide were prepared separately in 25 mL of ethanol and were allowed

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

Hydrophilic silver nanoparticles with tunable optical properties: application for the detection of heavy metals in water

• Paolo Prosposito,
• Federico Mochi,
• Erica Ciotta,
• Mauro Casalboni,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Iole Venditti,
• Laura Fontana,
• Giovanna Testa and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1654–1661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.157

• estimated the average diameter using about thirty nanoparticles with a resulting value of 2.5 ± 0.3 nm. Figure 4 shows the results from the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement on the AgNP-3MPS material (synthesis b). The distribution indicates good monodispersity of the NPs and an average diameter of

An efficient recyclable magnetic material for the selective removal of organic pollutants

• Clément Monteil,
• Nathalie Bar,
• Agnès Bee and
• Didier Villemin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1447–1453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.136

• . Preparation of the phosphonated polyethylenimine–maghemite material Synthesis of nanoparticles Maghemite ionic ferrofluid ([Fe] = 10−2 mol/L) was prepared by wet alkaline coprecipitation according to the Massart protocol [18][19]. Iron(III) chloride and iron(II) chloride were co-precipitated at a molar ratio

Organic and inorganic–organic thin film structures by molecular layer deposition: A review

• Pia Sundberg and
• Maarit Karppinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1104–1136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.123

• free, dense and uniform, but also conformal even when deposited on complex three-dimensional (3D) structures. These features make ALD a method of choice for nanotechnology, for both material synthesis and device fabrication. The technology spectrum in which ALD can be utilized is extremely wide

Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts

• Josef C. Meier,
• Carolina Galeano,
• Ioannis Katsounaros,
• Jonathon Witte,
• Hans J. Bongard,
• Angel A. Topalov,
• Claudio Baldizzone,
• Stefano Mezzavilla,
• Ferdi Schüth and
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 44–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.5

• thermal treatment during the material synthesis. The accessibility of the platinum particles in the network is limited by pores that might be blocked by the sintered platinum nanoparticles, as the average particle diameter after the thermal treatment is in the range of the pore size distribution in the