Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Ahsan Nazir and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

• silk fibroin (SF) and highlights their benefits as a skin substitute. This review also highlights the electrospinning technique used to prepare nanofibers for these biomedical applications. Silk, well-known for its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, structural properties, and low immunogenic

• by combining the unique properties of silk and PU, opening up the possibilities for innovative treatments. Keywords: electrospinning; nanofibers; polyurethane; silk fibroin; skin regeneration; wound healing; Introduction The biomedical field is a revolutionary sector in healthcare and research

• substitute applications [13]. Various materials including natural polymers, synthetic polymers, or composites have been used to create electrospun membranes. This review focuses on silk fibroin/polyurethan-based electrospun membranes. Silk fibroin (SF) is a naturally occurring biomaterial made of proteins

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• /chitosan/glycerophosphate/silk fibroin were fabricated for bone regeneration applications. Further, in vitro biological assays performed with MC3T3-E1 cells prove the osteogenic properties of the fabricated hydrogel. In addition, in situ experiments were conducted on rat calvarial bone defects for eight

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• also been reported to be suitable as tissue scaffolds due to their biocompatibility and their highly tunable morphologies and mechanical properties. Exemplary, silkworm silk has been studied as a matrix material for tissue-engineered anterior cruciate ligaments [123], and silk fibroin

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• study, silk fibroin/poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) hydrogels containing PLGA nanoparticles were used for the simultaneous delivery of bFGF and TGF-β1 to regenerate articular cartilage tissue [54]. The results showed that the simultaneous release of bFGF and TGFß1 improved the viability

• maleilated chitosan hydrogel containing micro-/nanoparticles of methacrylated silk fibroin, a natural fibrous protein mimicking the collagen structure, improved the mechanical properties of nanocomposites fabricated for cartilage TE [60]. The development of a magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel from poly(vinyl

• encapsulated chondrocytes and improved the production of cartilage-specific markers [111]. Furthermore, two or more nanofiber-based components can be blended and used for electrospinning to obtain composite mats or fabricate nanofiber-incorporated composites. In this regard, a poly(ʟ-lactic acid) (PLLA)/silk

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• secondary structures of silkworm silk [159][160]. To study silk quality, the mechanical properties, crystalline structure, and thermal stability of the silk fiber are usually taken into consideration. Scientists have reported that the hindrance of the conformational transition of silk fibroin from a random

• when compared to control (mulberry feed). Increasing concentrations of the TiO2 artificial diet reduced breaking strength and ultraviolet resistance. It was also shown that 1% of TiO2 NPs confined the conformation transition of silk fibroin from a random coil/α-helix to β-sheet, which translates into a

• more evident confined crystallization effect. Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) and graphene limited the conformation transition of silk fibroin from a random coil/α-helix to β-sheet, which means that the modified diet of the silkworm positively affected the secondary structure of the silk fiber and the

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• of nanometers to a few micrometers [21]. Blends of chitosan with alginate, silk, fibroin, cellulose or collagen can also be processed into composite fibers by electrospinning [22]. Wet-spinning is another well-established method of fabricating chitosan fibers with a diameter in the micrometer range

Four self-made free surface electrospinning devices for high-throughput preparation of high-quality nanofibers

• Yue Fang and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2261–2274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.218

• of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) could significantly reduce the surface tension of the spinning solution facilitating the spinning process [24]. The mass production of silk fibroin nanofibers was successfully accomplished by this method [23]. A schematic of the MBE device is illustrated in

• Figure 12 illustrates the yields of the PAN nanofibers fabricated by the different FSE devices. The yield of the MBE device is 4.37 g/h. In our previous work [23], the same device was used to prepare silk fibroin (SF) nanofibers with a yield of 3.1 g/h using a voltage of 50 kV. This finding is explained

Protein-coated pH-responsive gold nanoparticles: Microwave-assisted synthesis and surface charge-dependent anticancer activity

• Dickson Joseph,
• Nisha Tyagi,
• Christian Geckeler and
• Kurt E.Geckeler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1452–1462, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.158

• ]. Biomolecules have been reported to interact with gold salts and reduce them into metallic gold, acting both as a reductant and stabilizer [12][17][18][19][20][21]. Proteins, such as bovine serum albumin, silk fibroin protein, chicken egg white lysozyme, α-amylase, green fluorescent protein and apoferritin have