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Search for "apoptosis" in Full Text gives 107 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Targeting the Pseudomonas quinolone signal quorum sensing system for the discovery of novel anti-infective pathoblockers
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2627–2645, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.241
- apoptosis in neutrophils, but also to enhance neutrophil extracellular trap formation [42][43]. Both mechanisms impair neutrophil-mediated host defenses. Additionally, it has been hypothesised that pyocyanin functions as an extracellular electron shuttle, contributing to redox homeostasis of P. aeruginosa
Microwave-assisted synthesis of biologically relevant steroidal 17-exo-pyrazol-5'-ones from a norpregnene precursor by a side-chain elongation/heterocyclization sequence
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2589–2596, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.236
- known to display cytotoxic effects on diverse cancer cells by inducing a disturbance in the cell cycle and promoting apoptosis without affecting normal cellular proliferation [4][5]. In these latter cases, detailed structural criteria are still not available owing to little information about the mode of
Comparative cell biological study of in vitro antitumor and antimetastatic activity on melanoma cells of GnRH-III-containing conjugates modified with short-chain fatty acids
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2495–2509, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.226
- mediated via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent signaling. GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa) and [4Lys(Ac)]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa) were shown to be blockers of the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, while [4Lys(Bu)]-GnRH-III(Dau=Aoa) rather induced apoptosis. In short-term, the melanoma cell adhesion was significantly increased
- , cellular uptake and weaker antitumor activity [17][19]. The increased cytostatic activity of Dau–GnRH-III conjugates acylated by a short-chain fatty acid as a “second drug” can be due to the known potential of short-chain fatty acids – especially butyric acid – to induce apoptosis in various tumor cell
- antiproliferative/cytotoxic activities, the cell adhesion and migration modulator effects of conjugates and their ability to induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in A2058 melanoma cell line. Results and Discussion Synthesis of Dau–GnRH-III conjugates The modified GnRH-III derivatives were prepared by solid phase
Synthesis and photophysical studies of a multivalent photoreactive RuII-calix[4]arene complex bearing RGD-containing cyclopentapeptides
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1758–1768, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.150
- reactive-oxygen-species-dependent apoptosis. Another strategy for the design of cell penetrating photoreactive RuII complexes consists of tethering the complex to a vector that allows a cellular uptake. In this context, OsII, RhIII and RuII complexes were anchored to cell penetrating peptides (CPP) such as
Natural and redesigned wasp venom peptides with selective antitumoral activity
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1693–1703, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.144
- apoptosis [33]. Torres et al. [9] described similar helical structure propensity and physicochemical properties for Dec-NH2 and [Leu]10-Dec-NH2. The main difference between these two peptides in terms of their biological function was the substantially lower hemolytic activity of the [Leu]10-Dec-NH2 analog
- undergoing apoptosis and necrosis was determined by Annexin V/propidium Iodide staining using the ApopNexinTM FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit (Millipore) in a flow cytometer (BD Facs Canto II - BD). MCF-7 cells were seeded in 6-well plates and treated for 24 h with 12.5, 25 or 50 μmol L−1 Dec-NH2 solution and
- 2.0 μmol L−1 staurosporine in water (positive control). The apoptosis assay was performed according to Matias et al. [36]. AFM measurements The AFM imaging of MCF-7 cells untreated (control) and treated with peptide (50 μmol L−1 solutions of Dec-NH2 and [Leu]8-Dec-NH2, which presented low activity
An overview of recent advances in duplex DNA recognition by small molecules
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1051–1086, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.93
- anticancer drug due to its improved cytotoxicity/myelotoxicity ratio [47][48]. Brostacillin acts as an effective DNA alkylator only in presence of high levels of cellular thiols such as glutathione [49]. Moreover, it was thirty-fold more active in comparison to TAM in inducing apoptosis in A2780 human
- groove binders, whereas the third complex prefers an intercalative mode of binding to DNA. All these complexes show nuclease activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and induce apoptosis to human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. A series of novel glyco-oligoamides (Figure 9) has been designed and
- cancer cells towards apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Mitrasinovic has reported sequence-dependent binding of various structurally different flavonoids (quercetin (QUE) and flavopiridol (FLP)), a family of prospective anticancer agents, to duplex DNAs [104]. The five hydroxy groups in QUE
On the design principles of peptide–drug conjugates for targeted drug delivery to the malignant tumor site
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 930–954, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.80
- stabilized complex prevents the re-ligation step of DNA, catalyzed by topo I, resulting in DNA damage and therefore cell death (apoptosis). CPT is predominantly cytotoxic during the S phase replication of DNA because of the collision of the replication fork with the cleavable complex, converting the single
Fluorogenic PNA probes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 253–281, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.17
- cellular nucleases. Related to this, hyarulonic acid-coated GO was also employed as a carrier for introducing PNA into cancer cells for the simultaneous detection and inhibition of endogeneous miRNA-21 in CD44-positive MBA-MB231 cells, leading to a decreased proliferation and inducing apoptosis [146]. In
Solvent-free copper-catalyzed click chemistry for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic hybrids based on quinoline and 1,2,3-triazole
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2352–2363, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.232
- constituent of compounds with diverse applications, some of which display potent cytostatic activity through different mechanisms of action such as DNA intercalation, apoptosis, abrogation of cell migration, inhibition of angiogenesis and disregulation of nuclear receptor signaling [34][35]. Moreover, it was
The chemistry and biology of mycolactones
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1596–1660, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.159
- death, mainly via apoptosis, is observed in vitro and in vivo [32][33][82]. It is worth mentioning that in certain cell types, e.g., adipocytes, cell death via necrosis is dominant over apoptosis [83]. The most commonly used cells to study the cytopathogenicity of mycolactones are murine L929
- effect of the toxin seems to be still reversible, since washed cells are capable of regrowth. Upon extended exposure (3 to 5 days), murine L929 fibroblasts undergo apoptosis at mycolactone A/B concentrations as low as 3 ng/mL (4 nM), while very high concentrations (15 µg/mL) cause cell death via necrosis
- within 4 h [35]. Interestingly, the addition of the pan-caspase inhibitor Boc-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone [84] prevented apoptosis, while a normal cytopathogenic effect and subsequent cell death by necrosis was observed. Mycolactone A/B is also highly cytotoxic to keratinocytes [85], dendritic [81], and
Glyco-gold nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1008–1021, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.100
- apoptosis via hyperactivation of cell death receptors and caspase pathways [107]. Conclusion Glyco-gold nanoparticles represent one of the most versatile, exciting and promising hybrid nanosystems. Combining the vast properties of the noble metal at its nano-size with the fundamental biological role covered
Synthesis of spiro[isoindole-1,5’-isoxazolidin]-3(2H)-ones as potential inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2793–2807, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.278
- that plays a key role in the regulation of several cellular processes, including apoptosis, DNA repair, and angiogenesis [1][2][3][4]. The murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein is the primary cellular inhibitor of p53, functioning through direct interaction with p53 [5]: tumoral cells show an
- the damage is repaired. If the damage is too severe, p53 trigs apoptosis which allows the elimination of damaged cells, also by its translocation in the mitochondria where it inhibits the activity of anti-apoptotic proteins. Many tumors overproduce MDM2 to impair p53 function, thus promoting
- nucleus (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 vs untreated cells), demonstrating its involvement in the anti-cancer effect elicited by 6e. Treatment of the cells with 6e leads to increased p53 protein expression, a compensatory increase in MDM2 expression, and activates p53-mediated apoptosis with an increase in p21
Interactions between cyclodextrins and cellular components: Towards greener medical applications?
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2644–2662, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.261
- presence of methyl residues induces cell death of various cells (Caco-2, TR146, PC-12, etc.) [76][77][78]. For instance, cell death induced by DM-β-CD is caused by a marked apoptosis mechanism (i.e., a process by which cells trigger their self-destruction in response to a signal which leads to cell changes
- prior to death) for NR8383, A549 and Jurkat cells [79]. This apoptosis process results from cholesterol extraction leading to inhibition of the activation of PI3K-Akt-Bad pathway. The presence of DM-α-CD had repercussions that were totally opposite to the DM-β-CD. Indeed, the cell death results from a
Inhibition of peptide aggregation by means of enzymatic phosphorylation
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2462–2470, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.240
- ATP was prepared and used to dissolve lyophilized KFM6. PKA is the most studied and structurally well-characterized protein kinase, and it is known to have relatively broad substrate specificity due to its roles in the regulation of energy metabolism, growth, signal transduction, and apoptosis of
Synthesis, fluorescence properties and the promising cytotoxicity of pyrene–derived aminophosphonates
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1229–1235, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.117
- (necrosis vs apoptosis, mechanism of action) are being developed and will be published in the near future. Normalized electronic absorption and emission spectra of 3Aj and pyrene in chloroform (c = 1 μM). Emission spectra of compound 3Aj in various solvents. The spectra are normalized at ≈378 nm (pyrene
Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity of acetylated 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro and 3,4-difluoro analogs of D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 750–759, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.75
- galectin-mediated antitumor T cell apoptosis [16]. Some acetylated fluoro hexosamines also displayed antiproliferative properties in vitro [17]. For example, 3- and 4-fluoro-D-glucosamine analogs 5 [18] and 1 [19], and 4-fluoro-D-galactosamine analog 4 [19] (Figure 1), inhibited the growth of murine L1210
Biosynthesis of α-pyrones
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 571–588, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.56
- and by inducing the so-called aryl hydrocarbon receptor, apoptosis is mediated by inducing cytochrome P450 1A1 [25]. For alternariol 9-methyl ether (19) and the graphislactone A (21) cytotoxic effects against the human cancer cell line SW1116 with IC50 values between 8.5 and 21 μg/mL were reported [26
- -pyran-2-one (47, Figure 10) [52]. Also antitumor activities of α-pyrones had been shown. Thus, pironetin (47, Figure 10) induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and tubulin assembly was inhibited in vitro [53]. The natural product was isolated from Streptomyces sp. NK10958 [54], and its
My maize and blue brick road to physical organic chemistry in materials
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 229–238, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.24
- ]. Enzymes were attractive analytes because many diseases are correlated with their overactivity and/or overexpression. Specifically, we selected proteases, which play important roles in many biological processes, including blood clotting, apoptosis, and pathogenesis. Prior to our work in this area, there
Smart molecules for imaging, sensing and health (SMITH)
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2540–2548, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.274
- on the cell surface during the process of apoptosis or programmed cell death. Thus, phosphatidylserine is an excellent biomarker of cell death and an attractive target for molecular imaging. We reasoned that synthetic anion receptors such as zinc dipicolylamine (ZnDPA) coordination complexes would
Cu(I)-catalyzed N,N’-diarylation of natural diamines and polyamines with aryl iodides
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2297–2305, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.250
- polyamines like putrescine (butane-1,4-diamine), spermidine (N1-(3-aminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine) and spermine (N1,N1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)dipropane-1,3-diamine) are biologically active compounds which play crucial roles in the processes of cell proliferation, apoptosis and adaptation to stress impacts. The
Two strategies for the synthesis of the biologically important ATP analogue ApppI, at a multi-milligram scale
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2189–2193, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.237
- groups have different mechanisms of action in the body. N-BPs, such as alendronate, inhibit the mevalonate pathway (MVP) in cells and promote the formation of ApppI, which has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in osteoclasts [3]. Furthermore, ApppI has the ability to activate T cells together with
Pyridinoacridine alkaloids of marine origin: NMR and MS spectral data, synthesis, biosynthesis and biological activity
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1667–1699, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.183
- containing only one of the motifs such as shermilamine B (67) and lissoclinidine B (27) inhibit TOPO II [42][83] or induce apoptosis via other mechanisms like ubiquitination and degradation of p53 by acting on ubiquitin ligase [44]. Conclusion This review compiles up-to-date information on recently
Regulation of integrin and growth factor signaling in biomaterials for osteodifferentiation
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 773–783, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.87
- adult, besides influence bone formation and healing [54]. BMPs are involved in versatile non-osteogenic development processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, cell fate determination, and morphogenesis of many organs and tissues, gonads and the nervous system [55]. With a few
Selective methylation of kaempferol via benzylation and deacetylation of kaempferol acetates
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 288–293, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.33
- kaempferol have attracted attention for a long time due to their broad spectrum of biological activities, including induction of apoptosis in adipocytes, anti-inflammation and anti-atherogenic properties [6][7]. 3-O-Methylkaempferol evidently possesses antiviral [8], antimicrobial [9] and cytotoxic [10
Natural phenolic metabolites with anti-angiogenic properties – a review from the chemical point of view
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 249–264, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.28
- secretion of pro-angiogenic factors either by the tumor cells themselves or by cells of the tumor microenvironment. After the tumor reaches a diameter of 1–2 mm, the tumor cells located far away from blood vessels undergo apoptosis or necrosis resulting from the lack of oxygen and nutrients. At that point
- was confirmed [17] by mouse dorsal skinfold chamber experiments. The incubation of CT26.WT colon carcinoma cells with HBA showed a dose-dependent decrease in their viability and integrity. In addition, the cell expression of the apoptosis marker, cleaved caspase-3, significantly increased and the
- through inhibiting of tumor-cell proliferation, migration and induction of apoptosis. In addition, it is a dual inhibitor of the phosphorylation of VEGF and PDGF receptors, thus interrupting the angiogenetic processes required for tumor growth [30]. Recently, it was reported that its anti-angiogenesis
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