Synthesis and chemosensing properties of cinnoline-containing poly(arylene ethynylene)s

• Natalia A. Danilkina,
• Petr S. Vlasov,
• Semen M. Vodianik,
• Andrey A. Kruchinin,
• Yuri G. Vlasov and
• Irina A. Balova

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 373–384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.43

• and a sila-Sonogashira coupling as the polycondensation technique. The fluorescence of the cinnoline-containing polymers in THF was highly sensitive to quenching by Pd2+ ions. Keywords: cinnolines; fluorescence quenching; Pd2+ detection; poly(arylene ethynylene)s; Sonogashira coupling; Introduction

• (Figure 10 and Figure 11). For quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence quenching the parameter Q was used (Q = Io/I – 1, where Q, Io and I are the quenching efficiency, the initial fluorescence intensity and the fluorescence intensity after the interaction with a quencher, respectively). Figure 8 and

• and n = 6 for 10b) contribute considerably to the interaction between the palladium and oligomer molecules in the ground (non-excited) state. However, at the same time, the fluorescence quenching efficiency exhibited almost a two fold increase for the PAE 10b (Q = 47) in comparison with the PAE 10a (Q

Come-back of phenanthridine and phenanthridinium derivatives in the 21st century

• Lidija-Marija Tumir,
• Marijana Radić Stojković and
• Ivo Piantanida

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2930–2954, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.312

• sensitive to major erroneous ds-DNA sites (e.g., abasic sites) [91]. Namely, by using the well-known system of EB-fluorescence quenching by 7-deazaguanine incorporated within modified oligonucleotides, it showed that the abasic site (S) either one base pair away (DNA1-XY and DNA2-XY) or two base pairs away

• (DNA3-XY and DNA4-XY) from the EB chromophore showed an enhanced fluorescence quenching compared to the matched duplexes [91]. Among many studies of charge transfer in DNA, several applying ethidium bromide, revealed an unexpected complexity of the process, pointing out the importance of the DNA/EB

• be attributed to the ethidium exocyclic amines enabling by electron donation a non-radiative decay of phenanthridinium excited state, rather more likely than the previously proposed mechanism of water-induced deprotonation of phenanthridinium exocyclic amines, causing excited chromophore fluorescence

Preparation and evaluation of cyclodextrin polypseudorotaxane with PEGylated liposome as a sustained release drug carrier

• Kayoko Hayashida,
• Taishi Higashi,
• Daichi Kono,
• Keiichi Motoyama,
• Koki Wada and
• Hidetoshi Arima

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2756–2764, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.292

• disruption effects on DOX/LP and DOX/PEG-LP. Hereafter, a fluorescence quenching experiment should be performed to obtain the additional evidences that LP structure is kept after the PPRX formation. Preparation of CD PPRXs with DOX/PEG-LP On the basis of the results of Figure 1, we prepared PPRX of DOX/PEG

Photo, thermal and chemical degradation of riboflavin

• Muhammad Ali Sheraz,
• Sadia Hafeez Kazi,
• Sofia Ahmed,
• Zubair Anwar and
• Iqbal Ahmad

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1999–2012, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.208

• fluorescence data that showed lower fluorescence quenching by unbuffered anions as compared to that of phosphate species [30]. A much faster rate of RF photodegradation has been observed for sulfate anions than for phosphate anions (Figure 6) due to a strong complex formation, better electronegative character

• also supported by the fluorescence quenching of the two anions which were almost similar at pH 7.0 from 0.2–1.0 M. In spite of faster rate, the ratios of CDRF/LC were higher for phosphate (0.74) than for sulfate (0.48) suggesting an increased formation of LC directly from the excited singlet state in

Multichromophoric sugar for fluorescence photoswitching

• Stéphane Maisonneuve,
• Rémi Métivier,
• Pei Yu,
• Keitaro Nakatani and
• Juan Xie

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1471–1481, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.151

• fluorophores in the 550–700 nm range overlaps well the absorption band of the photochromic derivative in its closed form, in the same spectral region. Therefore, the fluorescence quenching observed for the compound 2 under UV irradiation can be easily interpreted as the consequence of a FRET process from the

• conversion yield has to be compared to the fluorescence quenching of 2 observed after irradiation at 335 nm (51% fluorescence quenching, vide supra). Therefore, the incomplete fluorescence quenching is due to a limited photochromic conversion yield under UV light. Furthermore, since the photochromic

• conversion yield (53%) corresponds almost to the fluorescence quenching (51%), the FRET process appears to be extremely efficient: under irradiation at 335 nm, half of the multichromophoric system is still in its initial open form 2-OF, associated with a strong fluorescence emission, and another half are

The Ugi four-component reaction as a concise modular synthetic tool for photo-induced electron transfer donor-anthraquinone dyads

• Sarah Bay,
• Gamall Makhloufi,
• Christoph Janiak and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1006–1016, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.100

• to a charge-separated state that is responsible for the observed fluorescence quenching can be calculated from the measured electrochemical and spectroscopic data. Among several representations for calculating the Gibbs free energy of the electron transfer [88][89] can be described by Equation 1 [90

• Equation 2, and upon taking solvation into account with the term . Therefore, the extent of the thermodynamically favored charge separation by an intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer (PET), plausibly explaining the observed fluorescence quenching, can be easily determined and compared within the

• the electronic ground state, whereas the emission of the donor moieties is efficiently quenched according to static fluorescence spectroscopy. The observed peculiar fluorescence quenching was previously studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of a related model dyad indicating a photo

Advancements in the mechanistic understanding of the copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition

• Regina Berg and
• Bernd F. Straub

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2715–2750, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.308

• mechanistic proposals: computational and experimental evidence The groups of Fokin and Finn have tested different heterocyclic chelating ligands for CuAAC by fluorescence quenching in the reaction of dansyl azide fluorophore and dabsyl alkyne, and carried out kinetic measurements with a bis

New core-pyrene π structure organophotocatalysts usable as highly efficient photoinitiators

• Sofia Telitel,
• Frédéric Dumur,
• Thomas Faury,
• Bernadette Graff,
• Mohamad-Ali Tehfe,
• Didier Gigmes,
• Jean-Pierre Fouassier and
• Jacques Lalevée

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 877–890, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.101

• molecules, (B) in toluene. HOMO–LUMO orbitals for Py_2, Py_3, Py_5, Py_6, Py_8, Py_11 and Py_12 involved in the π–π* transition (calculated at UB3LYP/6-31G* level; for Py_5 and Py_11, the alkyl chains have been simplified to reduce the computational cost). Fluorescence quenching of 1Py_3 by the

Spin state switching in iron coordination compounds

• Philipp Gütlich,
• Ana B. Gaspar and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 342–391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.39

A simple and efficient dual optical signaling chemodosimeter for toxic Hg(II)

• Sabir H. Mashraqui,
• Sapna A. Tripathi,
• Sushil S. Ghorpade and
• Smita R. Britto

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1352–1357, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.155

• ligands and signalling units have been reported for the detection of potentially toxic metal ions such as Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ etc. However, owing to the reversible coordination with the probes, these paramagnetic metal ions often result in less desirable fluorescence quenching effects [12][13][14][15][16

Ratiometric fluorescent probe for enantioselective detection of D-cysteine in aqueous solution

• Xiao-bo Zhou,
• Wing-Hong Chan,
• Albert W. M. Lee and
• Chi-Chung Yeung

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1508–1515, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.176

• demonstrated strong interaction with the probe (Figure 6). As evidenced by the relative fluorescence quenching ability of the thiols, it is noteworthy that only marginal bindings of the probe to glutathione (GSH) and DL-Hcy were found. The corresponding fluorescence response of each of the analytes to the

• ). The extent of fluorescence quenching of the sensory ensemble at 500 nm triggered by the addition of 20 equivalents of each of the guest molecules was determined, and the results are shown in Table 3. Upon careful investigation of the relative quenching efficiency of the guest molecules on the sensor

• -mercaptoamino group present in Cys. When the thiol group in Hcy is methylated, as in methionine, its power to bind to the sensor is completely lost. As none of the bifunctional α-amino acids caused any fluorescence quenching of the probe, the presence of β-mercaptoamino moiety in cysteine may confer a

Fine-tuning alkyne cycloadditions: Insights into photochemistry responsible for the double-strand DNA cleavage via structural perturbations in diaryl alkyne conjugates

• Wang-Yong Yang,
• Samantha A. Marrone,
• Nalisha Minors,
• Diego A. R. Zorio and
• Igor V. Alabugin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 813–823, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.93

• transformation does not require H-atom abstraction from an external H-atom source such as CHD and DNA, and thus the DNA-damaging ability of this chromophore is not expected to be significant. Photophysics and kinetics of photoinduced electron transfer The fluorescence quenching by triethylamine (Et3N) was

Fluorometric recognition of both dihydrogen phosphate and iodide by a new flexible anthracene linked benzimidazolium-based receptor

• Kumaresh Ghosh and
• Debasis Kar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 254–264, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.34

• . By contrast, in the less polar solvent CHCl3 containing 0.1% CH3CN, the receptor shows a greater fluorescence quenching for I−. Such differential quenching of 1 in the presence of H2PO4− and I− in different solvent combinations is presumably due to the activation of the PET process occurring between

An easy assembled fluorescent sensor for dicarboxylates and acidic amino acids

• Xiao-bo Zhou,
• Yuk-Wang Yip,
• Wing-Hong Chan and
• Albert W. M. Lee

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 75–81, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.11

• acetate being a monoanion did not cause any fluorescence quenching to sensor 1 (Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). On the basis of the fairly similar association constants between 1 and different dicarboxylates, the two tweezer-like thiourea side-arms of 1 seem to be quite flexible and are able to

Anthracene appended pyridinium amide–urea conjugate in selective fluorometric sensing of L-N-acetylvaline salt

• Kumaresh Ghosh,
• Tanmay Sarkar and
• Asoke P. Chattopadhyay

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 1211–1218, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.139

• processes. In this context, detection and sensing of these molecules by fluorescence spectroscopy offers a variety of advantages such as different detection modes (fluorescence quenching, enhancement and life time), high sensitivity, low instrumentation cost, time efficiency, and the possibility of

Pyridinium based amphiphilic hydrogelators as potential antibacterial agents

• Sayanti Brahmachari,
• Sisir Debnath,
• Sounak Dutta and
• Prasanta Kumar Das

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 859–868, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.101

• amphiphile 2 began to self-assemble towards hydrogelation above 0.035%, w/v. Moreover, the red shifted emission peak up to MGC and above indicates that the intermolecular π–π interactions between the pyridine moieties plays an important role in gelation [28]. Consequently, the fluorescence quenching of

Molecular recognition of organic ammonium ions in solution using synthetic receptors

• Andreas Späth and
• Burkhard König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 32, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.32

Synthetic incorporation of Nile Blue into DNA using 2′-deoxyriboside substitutes: Representative comparison of (R)- and (S)-aminopropanediol as an acyclic linker

• Daniel Lachmann,
• Sina Berndl,
• Otto S. Wolfbeis and
• Hans-Achim Wagenknecht

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 13, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.13

• between the phosphodiester bridges. Two sets of DNA duplexes were prepared. One set carried the chromophore in an A-T environment, the second set in a G-C environment. Both were characterized by optical spectroscopy. Sequence-dependent fluorescence quenching was applied as a sensitive tool to compare the

• ). Only minor, negligible differences were observed. Melting temperatures, UV–vis absorption spectra together with fluorescence quenching data indicate that Nile Blue stacks perfectly between the adjacent base pairs regardless of whether it has been attached via an S- or R-configured linker. This result

• photooxidizing guanines in the sequential neighborhood [17]. As a result, fluorescence quenching is observed in DNA and it is important to note that we decided to use this property as a sensitive tool to compare the electronic interactions of the phenoxazinium chromophore with the DNA base stack in order to

Synthesis of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole-based new colorimetric receptor for anions: A unique color change for fluoride ions

• Ajit Kumar Mahapatra,
• Giridhari Hazra and
• Prithidipa Sahoo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 12, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.12

• orange) observed. Keywords: anion binding; colorimetry; fluorescence quenching; fluoride binding; indolocarbazole; Introduction The design and synthesis of chromogenic receptors for biologically important and environmentally harmful anion pollutants has attracted considerable attention in

Control of stilbene conformation and fluorescence in self-assembled capsules

• Mark R. Ams,
• Dariush Ajami,
• Stephen L. Craig,
• Jye-Shane Yang and
• Julius Rebek Jr

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 79, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.79

• in the snug, self-assembled complex 1.1 and exhibited fluorescence quenching due to the distortion of its ground-state geometry. When the complex is elongated by incorporating glycouril spacers, trans-stilbene is allowed to adapt a fully coplanar arrangement and fluorescence returns. Keywords

Quinoline based receptor in fluorometric discrimination of carboxylic acids

• Kumaresh Ghosh,
• Suman Adhikari,
• Asoke P. Chattopadhyay and
• Purnendu Roy Chowdhury

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 52, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.52

• receptor 1 and its 1:1 complexes with citric, D-(−)-tartaric, D-(−)-gluconic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, sebacic and terephthalic acids. On complexation, fluorescence quenching of the monomer emission occurs significantly with simultaneous generation of a new peak at longer wavelength, presumably due to