Encapsulation of biocides by cyclodextrins: toward synergistic effects against pathogens

• Véronique Nardello-Rataj and
• Loïc Leclercq

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2603–2622, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.273

New highlights of the syntheses of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4-ones

• Emilian Georgescu,
• Alina Nicolescu,
• Florentina Georgescu,
• Florina Teodorescu,
• Daniela Marinescu,
• Ana-Maria Macsim and
• Calin Deleanu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2377–2387, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.248

• constituent of several bioactive heterocyclic compounds that demonstrate interesting activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis [1], anti-HIV [2], anticancer [3], and it modulates the estrogen receptor activity [4]. Synthetic methods towards pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline derivatives based on pyrroles [5], or

Microwave-assisted Cu(I)-catalyzed, three-component synthesis of 2-(4-((1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles

• Yogesh Kumar,
• Vijay Bahadur,
• Anil K. Singh,
• Virinder S. Parmar,
• Erik V. Van der Eycken and
• Brajendra K. Singh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1413–1420, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.145

• effective than the sum of their individual components. The therapeutic application of 2-(3-fluoro-phenyl)-1-[1-(substituted-phenyl)-1H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl-methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles has been demonstrated by treating tuberculosis[19]. However, there has been little progress in the development of such

Conformation of dehydropentapeptides containing four achiral amino acid residues – controlling the role of L-valine

• Michał Jewgiński,
• Joanna Krzciuk-Gula,
• Maciej Makowski,
• Rafał Latajka and
• Paweł Kafarski

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 660–666, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.58

• crucial for the biological activity of various peptide antibiotics [23], e.g., nisin (used as a food preservative [24]), epidermin (active against Gram positive bacteria [25]) and viomycin (used to fight infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [26]). As shown by Chauhan and co-workers, structure–activity

Integration of enabling methods for the automated flow preparation of piperazine-2-carboxamide

• Richard J. Ingham,
• Claudio Battilocchio,
• Joel M. Hawkins and
• Steven V. Ley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.56

• treatment of tuberculosis – and its reduced derivative piperazine-2-carboxamide. Keywords: automation; flow chemistry; hydration; hydrogenation; sustainable processing; Introduction Enabling synthesis technologies such as flow chemistry are becoming commonplace in modern laboratories (for recent reviews

• of tuberculosis – and its reduced derivative (R,S)-piperazine-2-carboxamide has been demonstrated, using a new open-source software platform for the simultaneous control of multiple devices. The protocol developed here represents a valid example of how these technologies can be used to implement

An approach towards azafuranomycin analogs by gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization of allenes: synthesis of (αS,2R)-(2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)glycine

• Jörg Erdsack and
• Norbert Krause

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1936–1942, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.229

• several microorganisms, including the E. coli, S. aureus and M. tuberculosis. (+)-Furanomycin (1a, Figure 1, X = O) was identified as a non-proteinogenic amino acid bearing a characteristic 2,5-dihydrofuran ring. The correct (αS,2R,5S)-stereochemistry was established in 1980 by the first total synthesis

Lanostane- and cycloartane-type triterpenoids from Abies balsamea oleoresin

• Serge Lavoie,
• Charles Gauthier,
• Jean Legault,
• Sylvain Mercier,
• Vakhtang Mshvildadze and
• André Pichette

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1333–1339, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.150

• ]. Since then, more than 277 secondary metabolites have been isolated, and mainly identified as terpenoids, flavonoids and lignans [3]. Balsam fir Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., a popular Christmas tree in Canada, has been used traditionally by North American aboriginal people as an antiseptic, tuberculosis

Synthesis of a derivative of α-D-Glcp(1->2)-D-Galf suitable for further glycosylation and of α-D-Glcp(1->2)-D-Gal, a disaccharide fragment obtained from varianose

• Carla Marino,
• Carlos Lima,
• Karina Mariño and
• Rosa M. de Lederkremer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2142–2148, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.241

• products indicates an inverting mechanism. Also lately, galactofuranosyl transferases (GalfT) catalyzing β-Galf incorporation in glycans have been identified. Two bifunctional GalfTs are required for galactan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, GalfT1 and GalfT2, able to construct both, β-Galf(1→5

The volatiles of pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria and related bacteria

• Thorben Nawrath,
• Georgies F. Mgode,
• Bart Weetjens,
• Stefan H. E. Kaufmann and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 290–299, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.31

• fatty-acid derivatives were released by pathogenic/nonpathogenic mycobacteria, while the two Nocardia spp. (N. asteroides and N. africana) emitted the sesquiterpene aciphyllene. Pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains grown on agar plates produced a distinct bouquet with different volatiles, while

• liquid cultures produce less compounds but sometimes an earlier onset of volatile production because of their steeper growth curves under this conditions. This behavior differentiates M. tuberculosis from other mycobacteria, which generally produced fewer compounds in seemingly lower amounts. Knowledge

• of the production of volatiles by M. tuberculosis can facilitate the rational design of alternative and faster diagnostic measures for tuberculosis. Keywords: aromatic compounds; CLSA; terpenes; tuberculosis; volatile profile; Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most threatening

Marilones A–C, phthalides from the sponge-derived fungus Stachylidium sp.

• Celso Almeida,
• Stefan Kehraus,
• Miguel Prudêncio and
• Gabriele M. König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1636–1642, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.192

• tuberculosis as well as further microbial pathogens, for activity in an antidiabetic activity assay panel, in a 3T3-L1 murine adipocyte assay, and in a NF-κB protein complex assay, but they exhibited no activity (see detailed description in Supporting Information File 1). Phthalide derivatives are compounds of

• Hepatitis B virus was performed according to Sells et al. [32] and Korba and Gerin [33]. The activity assays against two strains of antibiotic resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis were performed according to Bauer et al. [34]. The methodology for the inhibition of the NF-κB protein complex is described by

• , Amsterdam, Netherlands) for performing the M. tuberculosis activity assays, Dr. Marc Diederich (Fondation Recherche sur le Cancer et les Maladies du Sang Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer (LBMCC), Luxembourg) for performing the NF-κB activity assays and Dr. Steinar Paulsen

Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues

• Lucie Brulikova and
• Jan Hlavac

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 678–698, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.80

• reference carboplatin or 6-thioguanine, interesting relationships between activity and length of alkyl chain were observed. Antibacterial activity The recurrence of the chronic infectious disease tuberculosis has initiated research on new classes of antimycobacterial agents. The exigency of new drugs was

• also caused by multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains, which are resistant to the most widely used agents, either Isoniazid or Rifampicin, and the need for new highly active compounds is increasing. Tuberculosis is caused by species of the genus Mycobacterium, for instance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Synthesis of glycoconjugate fragments of mycobacterial phosphatidylinositol mannosides and lipomannan

• Benjamin Cao,
• Jonathan M. White and
• Spencer J. Williams

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 369–377, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.47

• Benjamin Cao Jonathan M. White Spencer J. Williams School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, Fax: +61 3 9347 8124; Tel: +61 3 8344 2422 10.3762/bjoc.7.47 Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causitive

• agent of tuberculosis (TB), possesses a complex cell wall containing mannose-rich glycophospholids termed phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs), lipomannan (LM), and lipoarabinomannan (LAM). These glycophospholipids play important roles in cell wall function and host–pathogen interactions. Synthetic

• ; tuberculosis; Introduction The incidence of TB is now at an all-time historical high with over 2 billion people infected globally [1]. TB is the leading infectious killer of people with HIV/AIDS and is second only to HIV/AIDS as an infectious cause of death for adults [2]. It is sobering that it has been more

Synthesis of some novel hydrazono acyclic nucleoside analogues

• Mohammad N. Soltani Rad,
• Ali Khalafi-Nezhad and
• Somayeh Behrouz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 49, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.49

• ; hydrazone; ketone; miconazole; Introduction In recent years, fungal infections have become an important complication and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immune-compromised individuals who suffer from tuberculosis, cancer or AIDS, and who undergo organ transplants [1][2]. Up to now, there has

An efficient synthesis of tetramic acid derivatives with extended conjugation from L-Ascorbic Acid

• Biswajit K. Singh,
• Surendra S. Bisht and
• Rama P. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2006, 2, No. 24, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-2-24

• . Both solid and solution phase syntheses of such molecules have been reported recently. Thiolactomycin, a clinical candidate for treatment of tuberculosis has led to further explorations in this class. We have recently developed an efficient synthesis of tetramic acids derivatives from L- ascorbic acid

• and are potentially new tuberculosis drugs. 5-Alkenyl tetramic acids, being structurally similar to thiolactomycins, possess anti-HCV and anti-HIV activities [34][35] and are likely to yield new antitubercular prototype compounds active against tuberculosis in HIV cases. We have developed a one-pot

• synthesis of 5-hydroxyl tetramic acid derivatives without alkenyl substitutents at C-5, [36] but none of these compounds possesses significant activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In continuation of this study tetramic acid derivatives with 5-alkenyl substitutents were synthesized starting from