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Search for "plants" in Full Text gives 233 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. Showing first 200.

Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities

  • Heiko T. Kiesewalter,
  • Carlos N. Lozano-Andrade,
  • Mikael L. Strube and
  • Ákos T. Kovács

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2983–2998, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.248

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  • nutrient availability and geochemical features [9]. Therefore, soil consists of microbial hotspots, indicating faster process rates than the average soil [10]. One such microbial hotspot is the rhizosphere, harbouring microbial communities where various interactions between bacteria, fungi, and plants take
  • , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (now identified as Bacillus velezensis), and Bacillus cereus to the roots of broccoli plants led to species-dependent changes in the diversity, evenness, and relative abundances of endophytic bacterial communities [32]. Like many other soil bacteria, B. subtilis and other
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Published 04 Dec 2020

On the mass spectrometric fragmentations of the bacterial sesterterpenes sestermobaraenes A–C

  • Anwei Hou and
  • Jeroen S. Dickschat

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2807–2819, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.231

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  • related techniques the volatiles from many bacteria, fungi, and plants have been investigated [8][9][10], which provides rapid information about the production of volatile terpenes. This information is particularly useful in the combination with the genome sequences of the producing organism, because it
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Published 19 Nov 2020

3-Acetoxy-fatty acid isoprenyl esters from androconia of the ithomiine butterfly Ithomia salapia

  • Florian Mann,
  • Daiane Szczerbowski,
  • Lisa de Silva,
  • Melanie McClure,
  • Marianne Elias and
  • Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2776–2787, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.228

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  • studies on speciation (species formation), as species often consist of multiple subspecies diverging for a number of adaptive traits, such as color pattern or host plants, which can then cause reproductive isolation. As such, they offer an excellent system to study the mechanisms underlying
  • various plants [9]. These alkaloids are transformed into the alkaloid and pheromone precursor lycopsamine (1, Scheme 1) [10][11][12] that can then be converted either into necine base derived compounds such as methyl hydroxydanaidoate (2), or into necic acids derived ones, e.g., ithomiolide A (3) [10][11
  • that all individuals devoid of 3 simply had no access to PAs and/or that its absence is a specific trait of I. s. derasa. In contrast, elemol/hedycaryol (8) is specific to the latter subspecies. Although sesquiterpenes are common in plants, the occurrence of a single sesquiterpene might indicate
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Published 16 Nov 2020

Nocarimidazoles C and D, antimicrobial alkanoylimidazoles from a coral-derived actinomycete Kocuria sp.: application of 1JC,H coupling constants for the unequivocal determination of substituted imidazoles and stereochemical diversity of anteisoalkyl chains in microbial metabolites

  • Md. Rokon Ul Karim,
  • Enjuro Harunari,
  • Amit Raj Sharma,
  • Naoya Oku,
  • Kazuaki Akasaka,
  • Daisuke Urabe,
  • Mada Triandala Sibero and
  • Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2719–2727, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.222

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  • found in association with marine organisms such as invertebrates and plants [4][5]. Marine actinomycetes show unique physiological adaptations distinct from their terrestrial counterparts in terms of pressure, salinity, or low-temperature tolerance, which might affect their metabolic ability in their
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Published 05 Nov 2020

Computational tools for drawing, building and displaying carbohydrates: a visual guide

  • Kanhaya Lal,
  • Rafael Bermeo and
  • Serge Perez

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2448–2468, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.199

Graphical Abstract
  • represented in eleven shapes and ten colours. There is the hope that it will cope better with the rapidly growing information on the structure and functions of glycans and polysaccharides from microbes, plants and algae. The rendering of glycan drawing and symbol representations motivated the development of
  • downloading at http://www.rings.t.soka.ac.jp/downloads.html. GlycanBuilder2 is a newer version of GlycanBuilder [20] with additional features. This version is capable of supporting various ambiguous glycans consisting of monosaccharides from plants and bacteria. The tool uses the SNFG notation to display
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Published 02 Oct 2020

How and why plants and human N-glycans are different: Insight from molecular dynamics into the “glycoblocks” architecture of complex carbohydrates

  • Carl A. Fogarty,
  • Aoife M. Harbison,
  • Amy R. Dugdale and
  • Elisa Fadda

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2046–2056, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.171

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  • undetected because of their intrinsic structural disorder. In this work we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to provide insight into N-glycans’ 3D structure by analysing the effects of a set of very specific modifications found in plants and invertebrate N-glycans, which are immunogenic in humans. We
  • glycans sequence can alter their 3D structure and conformational dynamics, ultimately regulating recognition [19]. In this work we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyse the effects of the inclusion of motifs typically found in plants and invertebrates N-glycans and immunogenic in mammals [20
  • ][21][22][23]. More specifically, we investigate how core α(1-3)-linked fucose (Fuc) and β(1-2)-linked xylose (Xyl) affect the structure and dynamics of plants N-glycoforms [23] and of hybrid constructs with mammalian N-glycoforms [24]. At first glance plants protein N-glycosylation [23] is quite
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Published 21 Aug 2020

Synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide of Azospirillum doebereinerae type strain GSF71T using linear and one-pot iterative glycosylations

  • Arin Gucchait,
  • Pradip Shit and
  • Anup Kumar Misra

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1700–1705, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.141

Graphical Abstract
  • cause environmental pollution, resistance in plant pathogens as well as high production costs of crops [1][2][3]. Varieties of crop plants have symbiotic relationships with microorganisms by hosting them in their roots and utilize their beneficial effects such as improving the quality of soil and
  • is quite pertinent to study the effect of the cell-wall polysaccharides of rhizobacteria on the growth of leguminous plants. As a consequence, the structural elucidation of a variety of cell-wall polysaccharides of several strains of Azospirillum have been reported in the past [14][15][16][17][18][19
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Published 15 Jul 2020

Heterogeneous photocatalysis in flow chemical reactors

  • Christopher G. Thomson,
  • Ai-Lan Lee and
  • Filipe Vilela

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1495–1549, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.125

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Published 26 Jun 2020

4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone, originally discovered from a Brassicaceae plant, produced by a soil bacterium of the genus Burkholderia sp.: determination of a preferred tautomer and antioxidant activity

  • Dandan Li,
  • Naoya Oku,
  • Yukiko Shinozaki,
  • Yoichi Kurokawa and
  • Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1489–1494, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.124

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  • in liquid production cultures, quenched hydroxy radical-induced chemiluminescence emitted by luminol by 86%. Because some Burkholderia species are pathogenic to plants and animals, the above result suggests that 1 is a potential antioxidant to counteract reactive oxygen species-based immune response
  • in the host organisms. Keywords: antioxidant; Burkholderia sp; quinolone; soil bacterium; Zn2+ enrichment culture; Findings 4-Hydroxy-2(1H)-quinolone (3) is a unique structural motif mostly found in alkaloids from rutaceous plants (family Rutaceae) [1][2]. This motif has several tautomeric forms
  • rutaceous plants [9]. Examples from microbes include chymase inhibitors SF2809-I to VI from an actinomycete of the genus Dactylosporangium [10], a quorum sensing signaling molecule 2,4-dihydroxyquinoline (DHQ, 4) from Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia thailandensis, [7], and 4-O
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Published 26 Jun 2020

Activated carbon as catalyst support: precursors, preparation, modification and characterization

  • Melanie Iwanow,
  • Tobias Gärtner,
  • Volker Sieber and
  • Burkhard König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1188–1202, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.104

Graphical Abstract
  • and agriculture are well-suited for this purpose [15]. Wood is mainly composed of cellulose (40 to 55 wt %), hemicelluloses (mostly xylan in hardwoods with 20 to 35 wt %) and lignin (18 to 35 wt %). Cellulose maintains the structure of the cell walls of plants and is the most abundant raw material
  • with a production of 1011–1012 tons per year, followed by lignin as second most abundant raw material [16]. Lignin is a three-dimensional phenolic polymer and is responsible for the cementation of cellulose fibres in plants [17]. Hemicelluloses, predominantly xylan, are non-cellulosic polysaccharides
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Published 02 Jun 2020

A simple and easy to perform synthetic route to functionalized thienyl bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes

  • Dragana Vuk,
  • Irena Škorić,
  • Valentina Milašinović,
  • Krešimir Molčanov and
  • Željko Marinić

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1092–1099, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.96

Graphical Abstract
  • numerous biologically active natural compounds (Figure 1) [4][5][6][7], their strenuous isolation procedures from plants, as well as their complicated multistage synthesis due to the complexity of their structure, encouraged us to develop a simple one-step synthetic procedure based on a photochemical
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Published 22 May 2020

Recent applications of porphyrins as photocatalysts in organic synthesis: batch and continuous flow approaches

  • Rodrigo Costa e Silva,
  • Luely Oliveira da Silva,
  • Aloisio de Andrade Bartolomeu,
  • Timothy John Brocksom and
  • Kleber Thiago de Oliveira

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 917–955, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.83

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  • , our focus in this part of the review is the use of porphyrins as photocatalysts, but we decided to select another relevant example using chlorophyll a (a chlorin-type derivative) for artemisinin preparation. Gilmore and co-workers have shown that the extract in toluene from Artemisia annua plants
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Published 06 May 2020

Two antibacterial and PPARα/γ-agonistic unsaturated keto fatty acids from a coral-associated actinomycete of the genus Micrococcus

  • Amit Raj Sharma,
  • Enjuro Harunari,
  • Naoya Oku,
  • Nobuyasu Matsuura,
  • Agus Trianto and
  • Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 297–304, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.29

Graphical Abstract
  • fatty acids bearing a keto group in the middle of the carbon chain are relatively limited in their distribution in nature. Many of such natural keto fatty acids were found in plants, mainly as a constituent of seed oil [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Among them, rabdosia acids [30] and (10E,12E)-9
  • NBRC14554, a causative agent of crown gall disease of plants [41]. The MIC values for 1 against T. maritimum and R. radiobacter were 50 and 6.2 µg/mL, respectively, while 2 was more potent against T. maritimum, with a MIC of 12.5 µg/mL, and less against R. radiobacter, with a MIC of 50 µg/mL, presenting an
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Published 02 Mar 2020

Absolute configurations of talaromycones A and B, α-diversonolic ester, and aspergillusone B from endophytic Talaromyces sp. ECN211

  • Ken-ichi Nakashima,
  • Junko Tomida,
  • Takao Hirai,
  • Yoshiaki Kawamura and
  • Makoto Inoue

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 290–296, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.28

Graphical Abstract
  • first time in over 50 years. Keywords: absolute configuration; endophytic fungus; glauconic acid; Talaromyces; tetrahydroxanthone; xanthenedione; Introduction The xanthones, which are a class of phenolic compounds produced by many different organisms, including plants, lichens, fungi, and bacteria
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Published 28 Feb 2020

Synthesis and herbicidal activities of aryloxyacetic acid derivatives as HPPD inhibitors

  • Man-Man Wang,
  • Hao Huang,
  • Lei Shu,
  • Jian-Min Liu,
  • Jian-Qiu Zhang,
  • Yi-Le Yan and
  • Da-Yong Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 233–247, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.25

Graphical Abstract
  • is found in microbes, mammals, and plants, and has different functions in different organisms [1]. In the catalytic process of HPPD, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (HPPA) and FeII form a chelate complex, from which the HPPA substrate is converted into homogentisic acid (HGA). The generally accepted
  • catalytic mechanism for this process is shown in Scheme 1 [2][3][4][5][6]. The HPPD amino acid sequence homologies in plants and mammals are significantly different [7][8], and this difference affects the binding stability between an inhibitor and HPPD, leading to inhibitor activities that differ among
  • various species and genera and providing a theoretical basis for the design of inhibitors that are highly selective and safe [2]. In plants, HPPD inhibitors competitively restrain HPPA from chelating to FeII. The production of plastoquinone is inhibited and phytoene is accumulated when the transformation
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Published 19 Feb 2020

Efficient method for propargylation of aldehydes promoted by allenylboron compounds under microwave irradiation

  • Jucleiton J. R. Freitas,
  • Queila P. S. B. Freitas,
  • Silvia R. C. P. Andrade,
  • Juliano C. R. Freitas,
  • Roberta A. Oliveira and
  • Paulo H. Menezes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 168–174, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.19

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  • factor) [31]. Within this context, the development of solvent-free methods is highly desirable since the difficult for solvent recycling in academic laboratories and chemical manufacturing plants is universal. In addition, a reliable method for the propargylation reaction which could involve the use of
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Published 04 Feb 2020

Bacterial terpene biosynthesis: challenges and opportunities for pathway engineering

  • Eric J. N. Helfrich,
  • Geng-Min Lin,
  • Christopher A. Voigt and
  • Jon Clardy

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2889–2906, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.283

Graphical Abstract
  • metabolites on the planet. To date more than 70,000 terpenoids (dictionary of natural products) have been characterized and grouped into more than 400 structural families – the vast majority of which have been isolated from plants and fungi [1]. Their structural diversity reflects the breadth of their
  • reported [40]. In fact, different pathways have evolved in plants, fungi, and bacteria for this fascinating compound family in an extreme case of convergent evolution [41][42]. While the plant and fungal biosynthetic pathways are well studied [42], the bacterial pathway was studied to a lesser degree until
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Published 29 Nov 2019

Emission and biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids from the plasmodial slime mold Physarum polycephalum

  • Xinlu Chen,
  • Tobias G. Köllner,
  • Wangdan Xiong,
  • Guo Wei and
  • Feng Chen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2872–2880, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.281

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  • and gene expression patterns, the products of most DdTPSs were released as volatiles from D. discoideum at the multicellular developmental stage [14][15]. TPS genes previously were known to exist only in bacteria, fungi, and plants [13][17][18]. The identification of TPS genes in dictyostelid social
  • different prenyl diphosphate substrates, or require different conditions for catalysis. It is also possible that they become inactive genes in the process of pseudogenization. What are the biological functions of volatile terpenoids emitted from P. polycephalum? In plants and other organisms, volatile
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Published 28 Nov 2019

Nanangenines: drimane sesquiterpenoids as the dominant metabolite cohort of a novel Australian fungus, Aspergillus nanangensis

  • Heather J. Lacey,
  • Cameron L. M. Gilchrist,
  • Andrew Crombie,
  • John A. Kalaitzis,
  • Daniel Vuong,
  • Peter J. Rutledge,
  • Peter Turner,
  • John I. Pitt,
  • Ernest Lacey,
  • Yit-Heng Chooi and
  • Andrew M. Piggott

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2631–2643, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.256

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  • bacteria, fungi, mammalian cells and plants. Bioinformatics analysis, including comparative analysis with other acyl drimenol-producing Aspergilli, led to the identification of a putative nanangenine biosynthetic gene cluster that corresponds to the proposed biosynthetic pathway for nanangenines. Keywords
  • [21], A. ochraceus [22], A. pseudodeflectus [17], A. carneus [23] and Aspergillus sp. strain IBWF002-96 [4][5] are biosynthetic sources of the drimane sesquiterpenoids. Drimane sesquiterpenoids, which are derived from a parent C15 pentamethyl-trans-decalin skeleton, are known to occur in plants
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Published 05 Nov 2019

Synthetic terpenoids in the world of fragrances: Iso E Super® is the showcase

  • Alexey Stepanyuk and
  • Andreas Kirschning

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2590–2602, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.252

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  • of years dating back well before biblical times [2][3]. Plants and resins served as source for perfumes after alcoholic extraction. These extracts were not only used as fragrances but also as medicine (aqua mirabilis), aphrodisiac and elixir of life (aquavitae). In 1882 'Fougere Royale' was created
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Published 31 Oct 2019

Current understanding and biotechnological application of the bacterial diterpene synthase CotB2

  • Ronja Driller,
  • Daniel Garbe,
  • Norbert Mehlmer,
  • Monika Fuchs,
  • Keren Raz,
  • Dan Thomas Major,
  • Thomas Brück and
  • Bernhard Loll

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2355–2368, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.228

Graphical Abstract
  • [1][2][3]. Sesqui- and diterpenes are a diverse class of secondary metabolites derived predominantly from plants, marine invertebrates, fungi and some prokaryotes [4][5][6][7][8]. Properties of these natural products include antitumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimalarial
  • . In fungi and plants, they can be both class I or class II TPSs and even mixed class I/II [21]. Class I TPSs harbor two distinct catalytic motifs, which are crucial for binding and correctly positioning the substrate for catalysis, the aspartate-rich motif (DDxxD) and the NSE/DTE motif, that bind to
  • enzymes that is widely distributed among plants, fungi and bacteria. CotB2 has evolved to convert the acyclic, achiral substrate GGDP to the 5–8–5 ring motif of cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol that contains six chiral stereocenters. Hence, CotB2 has been fine tuned to perform a highly specific regio- and
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Published 02 Oct 2019

Isolation and biosynthesis of an unsaturated fatty acid with unusual methylation pattern from a coral-associated bacterium Microbulbifer sp.

  • Amit Raj Sharma,
  • Enjuro Harunari,
  • Tao Zhou,
  • Agus Trianto and
  • Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2327–2332, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.225

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  • -methylnonadecanoic acid (19:1 me(10)) are the major constituents of the cell wall of Mycobacterium phlei [20]. C9-Methylated glucosylceramides also possess a methyl-branching in the middle of the aliphatic carbon chain of the sphingosine part. C9-Methylated sphingolipids have not been found from plants and animals
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Published 30 Sep 2019

Functionalization of 4-bromobenzo[c][2,7]naphthyridine via regioselective direct ring metalation. A novel approach to analogues of pyridoacridine alkaloids

  • Benedikt C. Melzer,
  • Alois Plodek and
  • Franz Bracher

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2304–2310, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.222

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  • pyridoacridine alkaloids to be found in diverse marine sources (tunicates, sponges). Their chemistry, pharmacology and biosynthesis have been the subject of a couple of review articles [1][2][3][4]. Another source of polycyclic aromatic alkaloids are tropical plants, e.g., the Annonaceae family [5]. A very
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Published 26 Sep 2019

Genome mining in Trichoderma viride J1-030: discovery and identification of novel sesquiterpene synthase and its products

  • Xiang Sun,
  • You-Sheng Cai,
  • Yujie Yuan,
  • Guangkai Bian,
  • Ziling Ye,
  • Zixin Deng and
  • Tiangang Liu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2052–2058, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.202

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  • . viride to date. Keywords: genome mining; metabolic engineering; natural products; sesquiterpene synthase; terpenes; Trichoderma viride J1-030; Introduction Terpenoids represent the most diverse group of natural products, with a wide distribution in microorganisms, plants, insects and various marine
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Published 28 Aug 2019

Isolation and characterisation of irinans, androstane-type withanolides from Physalis peruviana L.

  • Annika Stein,
  • Dave Compera,
  • Bianka Karge,
  • Mark Brönstrup and
  • Jakob Franke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2003–2012, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.196

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  • Withanolides are steroidal lactones widespread in Nightshade plants with often potent antiproliferative activities. Additionally, the structural diversity of this compound class holds much potential for the discovery of novel biological activity. Here, we report two newly characterised withanolides, named
  • guidance for elucidating the enzymatic basis of androstane formation in plants in the future. Results and Discussion To isolate withanolides from P. peruviana, we used a purification strategy based on previous reports [17][18][19]. Nine weeks old whole P. peruviana plants (140 g) were extracted with H2O
  •  3A) [22], their occurrence in plants is rare [23][24][25][26]. Only a single withanolide androstane has been fully characterised before, cinedione (8), isolated from Physalis cinerascens (Figure 3A) [23]. We propose the name androwithanolides for this withanolide subclass, which so far appears to be
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Published 23 Aug 2019
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