Synthesis and chemosensing properties of cinnoline-containing poly(arylene ethynylene)s

• Natalia A. Danilkina,
• Petr S. Vlasov,
• Semen M. Vodianik,
• Andrey A. Kruchinin,
• Yuri G. Vlasov and
• Irina A. Balova

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 373–384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.43

• Optical sensors provide an efficient and sensitive approach for the rapid detection and identification of a wide range of chemical substrates by measuring the changes of optical properties such as absorbance, reflectance, luminescence, or fluorescence [1]. Among them a type of sensors based on conjugated

• exciton are spatially separated, the quenching amplification factor is only limited by the diffusion distance of the exciton. In practice, a single bound analyte molecule can deactivate excitons within 130 neighboring phenylene ethynylene repeating units [4]. Sensors based on CPs can be classified either

• . Such materials find widespread use in sensing of metal ions and anions, detection of explosives and various biomolecules [2−4]. Among the great variety of known conjugated polymers, poly(arylene ethynylene)s (PAEs) are one of the most promising materials in the search for new chemical sensors [7]. A

Properties of cationic monosubstituted tetraalkylammonium cyclodextrin derivatives – their stability, complexation ability in solution or when deposited on solid anionic surface

• Martin Popr,
• Sergey K. Filippov,
• Nikolai Matushkin,
• Juraj Dian and
• Jindřich Jindřich

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 192–199, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.20

• ][17][18]. This approach offers self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) which can be utilized for derivatization of gold electrodes for the construction of electrochemical sensors [19][20] or even for the development of molecular printboards [21]. These results imply that the structure of CD derivatives

Synthesis of new, highly luminescent bis(2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl) substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole

• Anastasia S. Kostyuchenko,
• Vyacheslav L.Yurpalov,
• Aleksandra Kurowska,
• Wojciech Domagala,
• Adam Pron and
• Alexander S. Fisyuk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1596–1602, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.165

• as organic semiconductors in light emitting diodes (OLED’s), field effect transistors (FETs), electrochemical and chemical sensors and other organic electronic devices [1][2][3][4][5]. This family of organic semiconductors is especially interesting because they can be rendered solution processable

Homochiral BINOL-based macrocycles with π-electron-rich, electron-withdrawing or extended spacing units as receptors for C₆₀

• Marco Caricato,
• Silvia Díez González,
• Idoia Arandia Ariño and
• Dario Pasini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.132

• cyclic adducts exhibit recognition properties towards C60 in toluene solutions (up to log Ka = 3.2) with variable stoichiometries and variable intensities of the charge-tranfer band upon complexation. Keywords: BINOL; C60; carbon nanomaterials; carbon nanostructures; chirality; macrocycles; sensors

• . These binaphthyl-based hosts may also be utilized as chiroptical sensors for chiral carbon-based nanomaterials in functional nanochemical environments. Experimental General experimental. All commercially available compounds were purchased from commercial sources and used as received. Compounds (R)-1 [40

Nonanebis(peroxoic acid): a stable peracid for oxidative bromination of aminoanthracene-9,10-dione

• Vilas Venunath Patil and
• Ganapati Subray Shankarling

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 921–928, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.90

• benzanthrone are widely used as intermediates for pharmaceuticals [1][2][3], for medicinal applications [4], as dyes [5][6][7][8][9] and in Hg2+ ion sensors [10]. Although these bromo derivatives have a wide range of applications, it is difficult to carry out their bromination as the two carbonyl groups of

Staudinger ligation towards cyclodextrin dimers in aqueous/organic media. Synthesis, conformations and guest-encapsulation ability

• Malamatenia D. Manouilidou,
• Yannis G. Lazarou,
• Irene M. Mavridis and
• Konstantina Yannakopoulou

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 774–783, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.73

• specific guest molecules. The oligomers are reported to display improved to significantly enhanced binding capacity as well as superior molecular recognition ability [12][13][14], compared to the natural CDs. Suitable design has resulted in better hosts for applications as sensors and catalysts [15], hosts

End-group-functionalized poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) via free-radical chain transfer polymerization: Influence of sulfur oxidation and cyclodextrin on self-organization and cloud points in water

• Sebastian Reinelt,
• Daniel Steinke and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 680–691, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.61

• [5] or of optical sensors [6]. Certain stimuli-responsive materials are characterized by the presence of thioethers in the main chain. Tirelli et al. investigated the oxidation-responsive behavior of thioethers for biomedical applications [7][8][9][10]. The stimulus of these mostly poly(propylene

Integration of enabling methods for the automated flow preparation of piperazine-2-carboxamide

• Richard J. Ingham,
• Claudio Battilocchio,
• Joel M. Hawkins and
• Steven V. Ley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.56

• ., sensors, pumps, heaters, etc.), these unified interfaces would provide the desired flexibility between devices. In this way, more time can be spent on the engineering and chemistry challenges inherent in the synthesis process, rather than the logistics of control system interfaces. Our group has

• analytical technologies (PAT), a number of parameters are read from devices or sensors, and the effluent is only collected when all of the parameters are stable, ensuring a high degree of purity in the collected material. Larger zirconia columns were also used to improve the throughput. Employing 5 g of

• devices is combined into a single interface. The sensors were interrogated approximately once a second; a Raspberry Pi® microcomputer (as shown in Figure 5b) has more than sufficient processing power to perform the required data collection, interpretation and control. We anticipate that much more complex

Direct and indirect single electron transfer (SET)-photochemical approaches for the preparation of novel phthalimide and naphthalimide-based lariat-type crown ethers

• Dae Won Cho,
• Patrick S. Mariano and
• Ung Chan Yoon

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 514–527, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.47

• to which various kinds of donor functionality can be appended. By employing this approach, a number of lariat-type azacrown ethers including 72–74 which possess aminoether and thioether side chains, have been prepared. Lariat-type crown ether-based fluorescence sensors for heavy metal ions Since the

• SET-promoted photocyclization reactions of donor–acceptor-linked substrates could be employed in practical and efficient routes for the preparation of new metal cation-fluorescence sensors. As described earlier by de Silva and others [74][75][76][77][78][79], SET based fluorescence sensors are useful

Continuous flow nitration in miniaturized devices

• Amol A. Kulkarni

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 405–424, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.38

• ). The selectivity of the desired product 37 was improved under flow conditions. A continuous flow silicon-glass microreactor equipped with multiple functionalities such as multistream micromixer, reaction channel, large-area cooling chamber, and five integrated miniature temperature sensors was used

Novel supramolecular affinity materials based on (−)-isosteviol as molecular templates

• Christina Lohoelter,
• Malte Brutschy,
• Daniel Lubczyk and
• Siegfried R. Waldvogel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2821–2833, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.317

• significant application as receptors and chemical sensors in the detection of aromatic compounds [16][17][18][19][20]. Thus, the first artificial receptor for caffeine had been established [21][22]. The introduction of chiral information onto a supramolecular entity gave rise for enantiofacial differentiation

Temperature measurements with two different IR sensors in a continuous-flow microwave heated system

• Jonas Rydfjord,
• Fredrik Svensson,
• Magnus Fagrell,
• Jonas Sävmarker,
• Måns Thulin and
• Mats Larhed

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2079–2087, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.244

• will influence most traditional methods of temperature measurement. Thus, we used a microwave transparent fiber optic probe, capable of measuring the temperature inside the reactor, and investigated two different IR sensors as non-contact alternatives to the internal probe. IR sensor 1 measures the

• temperature on the outside of the reactor whilst IR sensor 2 is designed to measure the temperature of the fluid through the borosilicate glass that constitutes the reactor wall. We have also, in addition to the characterization of the before mentioned IR sensors, developed statistical models to correlate the

• of IR sensors and find the best way to correlate the “real” internal temperature of the reactor to the reading from the IR sensor in order to be able to apply a calibration to the IR sensor reading. We opted for linear multiple regression models using the full dataset, with all the measured data

Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives involving the carboxylic group: a new molecular probe for ZnO nanoparticles with unusual fluorescence features

• Laura Bekere,
• David Gachet,
• Vladimir Lokshin,
• Wladimir Marine and
• Vladimir Khodorkovsky

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1311–1318, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.147

• to be efficient fluorescent molecular probes [7][8]. Recently, the potential of amino-1,8-naphthalimides as fluorescent sensors in living cells has been reviewed [9]. Dendrimers involving the amino-1,8-naphthalimide moieties were showed to be promising active nondoping emitters [10]. 4-Amino

Camera-enabled techniques for organic synthesis

• Steven V. Ley,
• Richard J. Ingham,
• Matthew O’Brien and
• Duncan L. Browne

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1051–1072, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.118

• for a “Lab of the Future” [16][17][18] we anticipate further integration of a multitude of wirelessly connected devices such as environmental sensors, tablet computers for displaying and recording data, and novel information aids such as safety goggles incorporating head-up displays, which might be

• provides a shielded reaction chamber for conducting preparative chemistries at high temperatures and high pressures usually in batch mode in sealed vessels or in some cases in flow [40][48]. While it is easy to record reaction times, temperatures and pressures by using the inbuilt sensors, this is a

Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of novel phenotypic probes targeting the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway

• Paul M. Hershberger,
• Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla,
• E. Hampton Sessions,
• Daniela B. Divlianska,
• Ricardo G. Correa,
• Anthony B. Pinkerton,
• John C. Reed and
• Gregory P. Roth

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 900–907, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.103

• oligomerization domain-1 (NOD1) inhibition (ML130 and ML146): The second program targeted proteins in the mammalian innate immune system that confer defense by detection of specific microbial ligands, or pathogen-associated molecular pattern microbial sensors known to house NOD1 (nucleotide-binding

Superstructures of fluorescent cyclodextrin via click-reaction

• Arkadius Maciollek,
• Helmut Ritter and
• Rainer Beckert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 827–831, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.94

• used as potentially biological markers, as molecular sensors, or for chiral recognition in aqueous solution [11][12][13]. Thus, in this present paper we describe the spectroscopic and structural behavior of a “CD-Click-Fluorophore” in the absence and presence of a competitive guest in water. Results

Spin state switching in iron coordination compounds

• Philipp Gütlich,
• Ana B. Gaspar and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 342–391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.39

• pressure sensors as well as optical devices. The article begins with a brief description of the principle of molecular spin state switching using simple concepts of ligand field theory. Conditions to be fulfilled in order to observe spin crossover will be explained and general remarks regarding the

• spectacular is the change of magnetic behavior and color, which has made such SCO substances very attractive because of their potential for practical applications, e.g., as switching devices and sensors. A thermally induced change of spin state (spin transition, spin crossover) was first reported some eighty

Hydrophobic analogues of rhodamine B and rhodamine 101: potent fluorescent probes of mitochondria in living C. elegans

• Laurie F. Mottram,
• Safiyyah Forbes,
• Brian D. Ackley and
• Blake R. Peterson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2156–2165, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.243

• ; fluorescence; fusion; imaging; in vivo; microscopy; mitochondria; model organisms; organelle; rhodamine; spectroscopy; Introduction Fluorescent molecular probes represent critical tools for studies of chemical biology [1]. These compounds allow the creation of sensitive enzyme substrates, sensors of a wide

Mechanochemistry assisted asymmetric organocatalysis: A sustainable approach

• Pankaj Chauhan and
• Swapandeep Singh Chimni

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2132–2141, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.240

• organocatalysts in an enantioselective MBH reaction and as cyanide ion sensors in organic solvents. Chiral bis-thiourea XI catalyses the MBH reaction of benzaldehyde (2b) and 2-cyclohexen-1-one (15) to provide MBH adduct 16 in 70% yield and 24% ee under neat grinding and LAG. Anhydride ring opening The

Synthesis and anion recognition properties of shape-persistent binaphthyl-containing chiral macrocyclic amides

• Marco Caricato,
• Nerea Jordana Leza,
• Claudia Gargiulli,
• Giuseppe Gattuso,
• Daniele Dondi and
• Dario Pasini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 967–976, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.109

• information, not only in the field of asymmetric synthesis and catalysis, but also in materials science [19][20][21][22][23][24]. During the course of our ongoing efforts dealing with the use of binol-based synthons for the production of functional, oriented nanomaterials and chiroptical sensors [25][26][27

meta-Oligoazobiphenyls – synthesis via site-selective Mills reaction and photochemical properties

• Raphael Reuter and
• Hermann A. Wegner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 877–883, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.99

• reduction of ~3.5 nm rendering it an ideal candidate for changing spatial arrangements on the molecular level. This change has been featured in a variety of applications [7][8][9], such as, switchable sensors [10], ion channels [11], catalysts [12], or liquid crystals [13]. In most of these applications

Thiophene-based donor–acceptor co-oligomers by copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition

• Stefanie Potratz,
• Amaresh Mishra and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 683–692, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.76

• polymers [21][22][23], and was used for DNA labelling [24][25], sensors [26][27], and metal chelates [28][29][30], due to the mild reaction conditions and compatibility with a variety of functional groups. However, the electronic conjugation through the resulting 1,2,3-triazole rings is weak due to poor

Synthesis of fluorinated maltose derivatives for monitoring protein interaction by ¹⁹F NMR

• Michaela Braitsch,
• Hanspeter Kählig,
• Georg Kontaxis,
• Michael Fischer,
• Toshinari Kawada,
• Robert Konrat and
• Walther Schmid

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 448–455, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.51

• involved in active transport processes of small molecules into gram-negative bacteria through their function as an initial high-affinity binding component; furthermore, these proteins participate as sensors for signaling during chemotaxis [14]. MBP binds maltodextrin and linear oligosaccharides of up to

The volatiles of pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria and related bacteria

• Thorben Nawrath,
• Georgies F. Mgode,
• Bart Weetjens,
• Stefan H. E. Kaufmann and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 290–299, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.31

• themselves, have recently been proposed for rapid diagnosis of TB [8][9][10][11]. The feasibility of these methods is supported by reports that trained Cricetomys rats can distinguish between sputum samples from TB-infected and noninfected persons [12][13]. While the first studies based on electronic sensors

Fifty years of oxacalix[3]arenes: A review

• Kevin Cottet,
• Paula M. Marcos and
• Peter J. Cragg

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 201–226, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.22

• species. Applications in fields as diverse as ion selective electrode modifiers, fluorescence sensors, fullerene separations and biomimetic chemistry are described. Keywords: calixarenes; host–guest chemistry; macrocycles; oxacalixarenes; Introduction Calixarenes, macrocycles which are widely used in